Patents Represented by Attorney Arthur A. Smith, Jr.

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  • Transparent heat-mirror
    Patent number: 4337990
    Abstract: Transparent heat-mirrors are disclosed which are comprised of composite films. These films include a discrete and continuous layer of metallic silver sandwiched between a transparent, outer, protective, anti-reflection layer and a transparent, phase-matching layer. This combination of layers is chosen to provide high solar transmission with minimum loss of thermal radiation. Transparent heat-mirrors are useful in the collection and trapping of solar energy, and in other applications where it is desired or necessary to have high infrared reflectivity with high solar transmission.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 27, 1976
    Date of Patent: July 6, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: John C. C. Fan, Frank J. Bachner
  • Method for detecting cancer in mammalian tissue
    Patent number: 4334017
    Abstract: An improved method for assaying for cancer by detecting .beta.-linked galactose moieties associated with cells is disclosed wherein a label specific for such moieties is added to the cells and subsequently sensed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 1981
    Date of Patent: June 8, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: George M. Plotkin, George Wolf
  • Enhancing epitaxy and preferred orientation
    Patent number: 4333792
    Abstract: An array of oriented artificial relief features or point defects embraced by parallel planes on a substrate surface influence the orientation of solid films during the course of their growth on the substrate surface. There may be multiple sets embraced in generally parallel planes at an angle to each other that is an integral multiple of 30.degree..
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 9, 1979
    Date of Patent: June 8, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Henry I. Smith
  • Process for producing maltase
    Patent number: 4332899
    Abstract: Maltase is produced by growing a mutant of the yeast strain Saccharomyces italicus capable of growing in a growth medium utilizing sucrose as the carbon source. Mutants of Saccharomyces italicus capable of utilizing sucrose as a carbon source also are provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 13, 1980
    Date of Patent: June 1, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Charles L. Cooney, Eugene J. Schaefer
  • High power gas laser
    Patent number: 4330761
    Abstract: A gas laser adapted to produce laser radiation in the far infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, but adapted, as well, to produce radiation in the infrared, the near infrared, the millimeter and the microwave regions. The laser employs a zig-zag pumping scheme which serves to excite the gas uniformly and thus enhance transfer of pump energy into laser energy.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 1976
    Date of Patent: May 18, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Daniel R. Cohn, Benjamin Lax, Kenneth J. Button
  • Method and apparatus for converting ethylene to ethylene oxide
    Patent number: 4329208
    Abstract: Ethylene oxide is formed by the oxidation of ethylene. An ethylene-containing gas is contacted with an oxidation catalyst deposited on the surface of a solid electrolyte while an oxygen-containing gas contacted with a second catalyst capable of dissociating oxygen gas to oxygen ion deposited upon a second surface of the solid electrolyte. Oxygen ions are transported under a positive voltage applied through the solid electrolyte to react with ethylene to form ethylene oxide.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 16, 1981
    Date of Patent: May 11, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Costas G. Vayenas, Michael Stoukides
  • Process for increasing blood pressure
    Patent number: 4327112
    Abstract: Blood pressure is increased in a patient having a condition which effects rapid firing of neurons in the sympathetic nervous system and low blood pressure by administering tyrosine to the patient. The tyrosine composition can be administered alone or concomitantly with a drug which increases noradrenergic neurotransmission in the sympathetic nervous system.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 2, 1980
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Richard J. Wurtman
  • Sailboat
    Patent number: 4326475
    Abstract: A sailboat having a triangular frame formed of three beams forming the sides of that frame and three pontoons or hulls disposed at the vertices of the triangle and extending outward from one side of the plane of the triangle. A mast extends outward from the other side of the plane and is connected to the vertices by cables to form a tetrahedral-type space frame which is structurally sound and easily dismantled.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 1979
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Frank J. Berte
  • Method for forming material surfaces
    Patent number: 4326898
    Abstract: Material surfaces are provided which maintain their characteristic properties over long periods and which resist degradation by the environment in which they are utilized. The surfaces are formed by exposing a surface of atomically clean material to a gas or liquid which interacts with the clean surface to form a composition having the properties desired and which is stable against degradation in the environment of use. The process is useful, for example, to render metals or metal alloys, such as iron or iron alloys, stable against oxidation by air by exposing the atomically clean surface to an ultrapure nitrogen environment, prior to exposure to a degrading environment, such as air. A new oxidation-resistant iron surface composition also is provided which comprises body-centered iron structures including nitrogen atoms interstitially.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 20, 1980
    Date of Patent: April 27, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Roy Kaplow, Carl J. Russo
  • Automatic switching matrix
    Patent number: 4326191
    Abstract: An automatic switching matrix that includes an apertured matrix board containing a matrix of wires that can be interconnected at each aperture. Each aperture has associated therewith a conductive pin which, when fully inserted into the associated aperture, effects electrical connection between the wires within that particular aperture. Means is provided for automatically inserting the pins in a determined pattern and for removing all the pins to permit other interconnecting patterns.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 1, 1980
    Date of Patent: April 20, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Martin F. Schlecht, John G. Kassakian, Anthony J. Caloggero, Bruce Rhodes, David Otten, Neil Rasmussen
  • Gasification of coal
    Patent number: 4323368
    Abstract: Improvements in the known steam-iron coal gasification process. Coal and iron particles are cofluidized in a gas producing zone and agglomeration of the particles is prevented by including at least 30% and, as the temperature is raised within the operable range, 60% or even 90% or more iron in the mix. The FeO produced as a by-product is transferred to a regeneration zone where, preferably, one of two iron oxide reduction processes are utilized. One regeneration process comprises reacting the FeO in a dense fluidized bed with a mixture of CO and CO.sub.2. The other process involves cofluidizing FeO and CaO with a CO-CO.sub.2 mixture to produce iron and calcium compounds which may be separated from the iron prior to its introduction back into the gas producing zone.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 8, 1977
    Date of Patent: April 6, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Ogden H. Hammond
  • Solar cell having multiple p-n junctions and process for producing same
    Patent number: 4320247
    Abstract: A solar cell with improved energy conversion characteristics is formed from ordinary Czochralski or other types of silicon crystals that are sliced parallel to the growth axis or pulling direction. The slices are heat treated at a sufficiently high temperature and for a sufficiently long period of time to activate oxygen donor states in the slices. The heat treatment is of sufficient duration that at periodic maxima of oxygen concentration in the crystal it produces n-type regions where a background p-type dopant is overcompensated. Each n-type region thus formed is adjacent to a p-type region with a p-n junction therebetween. Collector contacts are applied at the faces of the slices to permit collection of carriers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 6, 1980
    Date of Patent: March 16, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Harry C. Gatos, Jim-Yong Chi
  • Compliant head femoral endoprosthesis
    Patent number: 4318191
    Abstract: An endoprosthesis is provided which includes a femoral head construction having a compliant metal shell attached thereto. The shell fits into the acetabulum of the hip joint and is spaced apart from a spherical surface of the construction a sufficient distance to permit the shell to flex without exceeding its elastic limit.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 13, 1980
    Date of Patent: March 9, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Slobodan Tepic
  • Oscillator that includes a charge-flow transistor
    Patent number: 4317084
    Abstract: An oscillator having a logic element that includes a charge-flow transistor and a load element, in combination, and that further includes a Schmitt trigger or the like connected to receive as input thereto an output from the logic element and to provide an output that is fed back as input to the logic element.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 17, 1979
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Stephen D. Senturia, Kou Togashi
  • Dynamic rate integrating demand monitor
    Patent number: 4317175
    Abstract: A dynamic rate integrating demand monitor which measures electric power to a customer load at closely-spaced time intervals and prices that load at each such interval on the basis of a predetermined set of factors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 13, 1979
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: Thomas L. Sterling, James L. Kirtley, Jr.
  • Frequency adaptive, power-energy re-scheduler
    Patent number: 4317049
    Abstract: A frequency adaptive, power-energy re-scheduler (FAPER) that includes a frequency transducer that notes frequency or frequency deviations of an electrical system and logic means which controls and re-schedules power flow to a load unit in part on the basis of the deviations in frequency from a nominal frequency and in part on the needs to the load unit as expressed by an external sensor signal obtained from the physical system affected by the load unit.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 17, 1979
    Date of Patent: February 23, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Fred C. Schweppe
  • Charge-flow transistors
    Patent number: 4316140
    Abstract: A charge-flow transistor having a source region and a drain region in a semiconductor substrate, a gate insulator and a gapped gate electrode with a gap material having some electrical conductance disposed in the gap thereof.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 17, 1979
    Date of Patent: February 16, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Stephen D. Senturia
  • Data storage and access apparatus
    Patent number: 4313159
    Abstract: Data storage and access apparatus for multi-dimensional data processing. The apparatus includes a storage shift register array (SSRA) to permit data storage and one or more storage/access shift register arrays (S/A SRA) to permit data storage and data access.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 1979
    Date of Patent: January 26, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: Stephen D. Shoap
  • Cermet film selective black absorber
    Patent number: 4312915
    Abstract: A selective-black absorber capable of operation at elevated temperatures and high efficiency as a solar energy absorber is described. A cermet of MgO/Au, MgO/Pt, and Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 /Cr having high solar energy absorptance and low infrared energy emissivity is coated on a substrate having high infrared reflectivity such as Mo coated on stainless steel; Ni coated on Cu, or steel; aluminum, or steel. Typically an absorption coefficient of about 0.93 with an emissivity of about 0.09 is obtained and operation at a temperature of 300.degree.-400.degree. C. is possible depending on the cermet and substrate materials.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 15, 1979
    Date of Patent: January 26, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventor: John C. C. Fan
  • Method of crystallizing amorphous material with a moving energy beam
    Patent number: 4309225
    Abstract: An improved method for crystallizing amorphous material with a moving beam of energy is disclosed. In this method, the energy beam is scanned in a manner to provide controlled, continuous motion of the crystallization front.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 22, 1980
    Date of Patent: January 5, 1982
    Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Inventors: John C. C. Fan, Herbert J. Zieger