Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts which contain a basic alkaline earth metal component in amounts greater than 5 percent by weight (expressed as the oxides) are used to crack hydrocarbon feedstocks that contain substantial quantities of metals such as vanadium, nickel, copper and iron. In a particularly preferred embodiment natural or synthetic particulate magnesium oxide (MgO) containing composites such as dolomite or a formed particulate coprecipitated magnesia-silica cogel (MgO.SiO.sub.2) having a substantial intra-particle pore volume in pores ranging from about 200-10,000 .ANG. in diameter and an average pore diameter greater than about 400 .ANG. in the 200-10,000 .ANG. diameter range is mixed with a zeolite containing fluid cracking catalyst (FCC) either as an integral component of the catalyst particle or as a separate additive.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalysts which contain a basic alkaline earth metal component in amounts greater than 5 percent by weight (expressed as the oxides) are used to crack hydrocarbon feedstocks that contain substantial quantities of metals such as vanadium, nickel, copper and iron. In a particularly preferred embodiment natural or synthetic particulate magnesium oxide (MgO) containing composites such as dolomite or a formed particulate coprecipitated magnesia-silica cogel (MgO.SiO.sub.2) having a substantial intra-particle pore volume in pores ranging from about 200-10,000 .ANG. in diameter and an average pore diameter greater than about 400 .ANG. in the 200-10,000 .ANG. diameter range is mixed with a zeolite containing fluid cracking catalyst (FCC) either as an integral component of the catalyst particle or as a separate additive.

Abstract: Sulfur oxide gettering agents which comprise a metal sulfate, such as magnesium sulfate, are described. These getterin agents are used to reduce sulfur oxide emissions from a variety of processes and units, including fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions which comprise alumina bound spinel and/or spinel-mullite mixtures having an alkali metal content of below about 0.50 weight percent, preferably below about 0.10. The compositions are obtained by calcining and caustic leaching preformed particulate composites of clay and alumina sol, preferably chlorhydrol. The catalysts are particularly useful for the catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to obtain gasoline and light cycle oil. When used for cracking feedstocks high in vanadium content these compositions may contain added alkaline earth oxide in order to passivate the vanadium.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions which comprise alumina bound spinel and/or spinel-mullite mixtures having an alkali metal content of below about 0.50 weight percent, preferably below about 0.10. The compositions are obtained by calcining a caustic leaching preformed particulate composites of clay and alumina sol, preferably chlorhydrol. The catalysts are particularly useful for the catalytic cracking of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks to obtain gasoline and light cycle oil. When used for cracking feedstocks high in vanadium content these compositions may contain added alkaline earth oxide in order to passivate the vanadium.

Abstract: Acid reacted metakaolin useful for the preparation of catalyst and catalyst support compositions. The compositions may include solid inorganic oxides, such as zeolities, clay and/or inorganic gels. The compositions are spray dried and calcined to obtain highly active, dense, attrition resistant fluid cracking catalysts, or used in the preparation of formed catalyst supports.

Abstract: Catalysts which comprise or contain caustic leached spinel/mullite are found to possess a particularly high activity and stability for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A precipitated alumina-silica cogel which possesses a high total pore volume and wide pore size distribution. The precipitated cogel is used to prepare catalysts and catalyst supports that are used in the catalytic conversion and processing of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalyst compositions having a high degree of activity and selectivity for the production of high octane gasoline fractions which comprise stabilized crystalline molecular sieve SAPO-37 dispersed in an inorganic oxide matrix. The crystalline structure and activity of the SAPO-37 molecular sieve component is preserved by including a stabilizing amount of the organic template compound used in the manufacture of the molecular sieve within the pore structure thereof until such time as the catalyst is thermally activated during use.

Abstract: Catalysts which comprise or contain caustic leached spinel/mullite are found to possess a particularly high activity and stability for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Catalytic cracking catalyst compositions having a high degree of activity and selectivity for the production of high octane gasoline fractions which comprise stabilized crystalline molecular sieve SAPO-37 dispersed in an inorganic oxide matrix. The crystalline structure and activity of the SAPO-37 molecular sieve component is preserved by including a stabilizing amount of the organic template compound used in the manufacture of the molecular sieve within the pore structure thereof until such time as the catalyst is thermally activated during use.

Abstract: A dentifrice composition which contains a particulate, dialytic silica abrasive/thickening agent.

Abstract: Catalysts and catalyst supports are prepared by forming and drying, preferably spray-drying, an aqueous slurry of inorganic solids such as zeolites, clay, silica, alumina, and silica-alumina gel, and aluminum chlorhydrol to obtain particulate composites. The particulate composites are then reacted with ammonia in the absence of free liquid water to convert the aluminum chlorhydrol into a cohesive binder. The ammonia-reacted composites may then be washed, ion exchanged and thermally activated to obtain active attrition resistant catalysts and catalyst components.

Abstract: Finely divided particulate silica is prepared by the electrodialysis of sodium silicate solution in the presence of silica-containing nucleation particles (seeds). The novel particulate silica product, herein referred to as dialytic silica, may be used in the preparation of catalysts, sorbents, abrasives, fillers and thickeners.

Abstract: Catalytically active silica-alumina and silica-alumina-rare earth oxide cogels are prepared by reacting aluminate and silicate solutions to obtain a silica-alumina pregel, and then reacting the pregel with an acidic rare earth and/or aluminum salt solution under complete mixing conditions.

Abstract: Zeolite containing catalysts and catalyst supports are prepared by forming and drying an aqueous slurry of zeolite, aluminum chlorhydrol and optimally clay to obtain particulate composites in which the zeolite component contains in excess of about 1 percent by weight alkali metal oxide. The particulate composites are calcined, and in some instances ion exchanged to obtain hard, attrition resistant catalytic particles.

Abstract: A catalyst composition containing 5 to 50 weight percent of small particle type Y faujasite zeolite is described. A cracking process using the above catalyst can be used to obtain increased conversion of the heavier portion of commercial crudes as well as to generate increased yield of gasoline and distillate.

Abstract: A highly active hydrocarbon conversion catalyst is disclosed which by virtue of it being promoted by larger than conventional particle size zeolite exhibits significantly improved hydrothermal stability.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon conversion catalysts are prepared from synthetic faujasite Type Y zeolites which have an initial (as synthesized) silica to alumina ratio in excess of 5.6 and preferably above 5.8. The catalysts are highly active for the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons and are particularly resistant to deactivation by high temperature steam in the presence of metals such as nickel and vanadium.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions comprising up to about 50 weight percent ZSM-5 zeolite dispersed in an attrition resistant, porous inorganic oxide matrix selected from silica-alumina cogels, silica, alumina and silica alumina sol bound clay. The compositions are combined with zeolitic containing catalytic cracking catalysts and used to convert residual and/or gas oil hydrocarbon feedstocks into lower molecular weight products that include high octane gasoline fractions.