Abstract: Stable oxygen scavenger compositions adapted for storage without resulting in substantial sludge formation and oxygen scavenging methods of using the compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise hydroquinone, a compatible amine termed a mu-amine, and a member selected from the group consisting of isoascorbic acid and ascorbic acid and water soluble salt forms thereof. Methods comprise adding from about 0.05-200 ppm hydroquinone, 0.001-400 ppm mu-amine, and about 0.00025-500 ppm of isoascorbic or ascorbic acid to the desired aqueous medium.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for chemically scavenging oxygen from an aqueous medium are disclosed. Furfural catalyzed by hydroquinone can be used as an oxygen scavenger in any aqueous medium, but is especially well adapted for use in boiler water systems.

Abstract: A water system deposit control method and composition of high calcium tolerance are herein disclosed. The composition comprises a reaction product formed from acrylic acid, hydroxylated lower alkyl acrylate and hypophosphorous acid. In accordance with the method herein, an effective amount, from about 0.1-500 ppm of the composition is added to the water system, e.g., cooling water system, so as to inhibit the build-up or agglomeration of undesirable deposits along the metal surfaces on contact with the water.

Abstract: A method for cleansing organically fouled anionic exchange resins is disclosed wherein, in addition to cleansing with caustic and/or brine, the fouled resin is contacted with an effective diethylene glycol compound or derivative thereof.

Abstract: Paint spray booth detackification compositions and methods are disclosed. The compositions comprise a hectorite clay, an anti-foaming agent and optionally, an aluminum oxide material and a montmorillonite clay. These compositions are introduced into a paint spray booth water wash system so as to detackify oversprayed paint.

Abstract: Methods for cleaning organically fouled anion exchange resins are disclosed. In addition to cleaning with brine and/or caustic, the fouled resins are contacted with an aqueous solution comprising an effective cleaning agent having the formula R--O--H wherein R is alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) or hydroxylated alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4). Isopropanol is preferred.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed for neutralizing acidic components in petroleum refining units. The neutralizing agent comprises a member selected from the group of dimethylaminoethanol and dimethylisopropanolamine. The neutralizing agent may be added directly to the charge, in a reflux line, or directly to the overhead line of the refining unit. In those instances in which sour crude is to be refined, it is desirable that dimethylisopropanolamine be used in conjunction with the dimethylaminoethanol. The neutralizing agents are added in an amount sufficient to elevate the pH of the condensate (as measured at the accumulator) to within the pH range of 4.5-7.

Abstract: An improved oxygen scavenger for aqueous mediums is disclosed which comprises hydrazine-free solution of hydroquinone and mu-amine.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided to measure the wetting efficacy of certain dust control chemical additives. These additives are commonly sprayed on the dust to control and/or prevent the dissemination of the dust into the atmosphere. The device comprises a plurality of dust collection cylinders, each of which is adapted to retain a dust sample and the particular chemical additive for which testing is desired. A support is provided to support the cylinders and a visual display is operatively associated with the cylinders so as to indicate when the particular additive has completely penetrated the dust and thereby contacted the visual display.

Abstract: A method of controlling deposition of scale and the like in waters having a high calcium ion content is disclosed. The method is applicable to waters having a calcium ion concentration of about 300 ppm Ca.sup.+2 and comprises adding 1-hydroxypropylidene-1,1 diphosphonic acid or water soluble salt thereto. This particular compound is capable of performing the deposit control function in such high calcium waters without itself resulting in substantial deposit control agent-calcium adduct formation which would deleteriously affect the deposit control function.

Abstract: In a coal fired boiler of the type having a combustion zone in which said coal is fired, a convection zone located downstream from said combustion zone and having a plurality of heater tubes disposed therein adapted to heat water or steam disposed therein, and in which convection zone combustion residues emanating from said coal have a tendency to stick to or agglomerate upon said tubes, a method of decreasing said tendency to stick or agglomerate, comprising burning said coal in the presence of an additive consisting essentially of amorphous silica particles, substantially all of said particles being greater than about 38 microns in diameter.

Abstract: Method and composition for controlling the deposition of scale imparting precipitates on structural parts of a system exposed to an aqueous medium containing scale imparting precipitates, under scale imparting conditions, are disclosed. Specifically, these precipitates are either calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate or mixtures thereof. The method and composition are also efficacious in dispersing inorganic and organic matter, which may exist within a cooling system, boiler system, or the like. The composition comprises an acrylic acid/lower alkyl hydroxylated acrylate copolymer (I) which is administered to the system in combination with an ester of an aliphatic sulphodicarboxylic acid (II). Preferred esters include the dioctylester of sodium sulphosuccinic acid, the diisobutylester of sodium sulphosuccinic acid, the dihexylester of sodium sulphosuccinic acid, and the diamylester of sodium sulphosuccinic acid.

Abstract: A polymer composition having a repeat unit characterized by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 =an alkyl group having one to six carbon atoms; X=OH or OM, M=a cation; is disclosed. The composition is effective in inhibiting the precipitation of certain scale forming salts, and also acts to inhibit corrosion in water systems.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed for inhibiting scale formation and dispersing solids particulate matter in aqueous mediums. The compositions comprise an acrylic acid/lower alkyl hydroxy acrylate copolymer (I) in combination with a water soluble polymeric material (II) having the formula ##STR1## wherein a or b may be zero or a positive integer, with the proviso that a+b<1; and wherein d is H or HSO.sub.3. From about 0.1-500 parts (based upon 1 million parts of the aqueous medium treated) of the combined treatment (I and II) are administered to the particular aqueous system for which treatment is desired.

Abstract: A water soluble isopropenylphosphonic acid copolymer composition and method of use thereof are disclosed. The copolymer comprises repeat units (a) of the formula ##STR1## wherein X=OH or OM, wherein M is a cation; and repeat units (b) of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is chosen from the group consisting of hydroxy, hydroxylated alkoxy, and amide and water soluble salts thereof; R.sub.2 is H, or lower alkyl of from 1-3 carbon atoms. These copolymers are effective in inhibiting the precipitation of certain scale forming salts, and also act to inhibit corrosion in water systems.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting corrosion and controlling deposition in an iron containing aqueous medium is disclosed. The method is capable of providing for the formation of a protective passive oxide film on the metallic surfaces in contact with the aqueous medium without resulting in unacceptable iron based deposition or fouling. Surprisingly, the method does not call for the addition of an organic-phosphonic acid compound or derivative to the aqueous medium as would be normally expected due to the known iron dispersing characteristics of these type compounds. The invention comprises maintaining the pH level at 5.5 or above, assuring that a certain minimal calcium or other ion level is maintained, and adding to the system an orthophosphate compound, a water soluble acrylic acid/hydroxyalkylacrylate copolymer, and a topping agent selected from the group consisting of effective water soluble aminocarboxylic acids, lignosulfonates, citric acid, and tannic acid, and water soluble salt forms and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for controlling scale which would otherwise be formed from water-soluble calcium, magnesium and iron impurities contained in boiler water which would provide calcium, magnesium and iron ions.

Abstract: Paint spray booth detackification compositions and methods. The compositions comprise a water dispersible polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, a polymer formed by reaction of hexamethylene diamine and ethylene dichloride, and an amphoteric metal salt. These compositions are introduced into a paint spray booth water wash system so as to detackify oversprayed paint.