Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking process for sulfur-containing petroleum charge stocks wherein sulfur contained in coke deposited on the fluidized cracking catalyst in the reactor is converted to sulfur oxides in the regenerator and removed from regenerator off-gases by incorporating a composite of alumina and bismuth oxides in a particulate cracking catalyst. Sulfur oxides produced during regeneration of the catalyst by burning the coke with air in the regenerator are captured by the alumina-bismuth oxides composite and converted to hydrogen sulfide in the cracking reactor. The hydrogen sulfide so produced is readily separated from petroleum products of the catalytic cracking reaction process.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for coating at least one substrate with an alumina hydrate film includes a coating vessel for containing a caustic coating solution, and at least one support within the coating vessel upon which are mounted substrates and porous containers. The porous containers hold aluminum metal for reacting with the caustic coating solution. A partition is situated between the porous containers and the substrates, which partition separates the gas bubbles produced by the reaction of the aluminum metal and the caustic coating solution from the substrates and which partition prevents the gas bubbles from contacting the substrates.

Abstract: Alcohols may be inhibited against corrosion by addition there to of an amide reaction product of (i) ##STR1## (preferably in the form of the acid, acid chloride or ester) and (ii) an amino tetrazole.

Abstract: Para-xylene may be separated as extract product by contacting charge C-8 aromatic hydrocarbon mixture with a synthetic crystalline barium or barium/potassium aluminosilicate zeolite HP, formed by ion exchange from a sodium aluminosilicate zeolite HP having a lattice constant of 25.02-25.10 .ANG. and a ratio of silicon atoms to aluminum atoms of less than 1.0.

Abstract: A method of forming a catalytic article includes the steps of contacting a substrate with a coating solution of an alkali aluminate for a period of time sufficient to form a film of alumina on the substrate; forming a slurry of a catalytic material, a particulate calcined alumina and a liquid carrier; contacting the film of alumina with the slurry so as to coat the alumina film with the slurry; and then calcining the slurry coated alumina film to form the catalytic article. A binder is preferably used in the slurry and the preferred catalytic material useful in the method includes those from group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Abstract: Disclosed are the preparation and use of thioureas derived from hydrocarbyl succinimides which have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl succinimide residue or hydrogen, with the proviso that only one R can be hydrogen. These thioureas offer superior performance over their parent succinimides in the areas of gasoline and diesel engine dispersancy, oxidation stability and friction modification.

Abstract: An alumina catalyst, which has a desired porosity and surface area and is stable at high temperatures is formed by contacting a substrate with an alkali aluminate solution for a period of time sufficient to form an adherent film of hydrated alumina on the substrate, separating the substrate with the adherent film of hydrated alumina from the solution, heating the substrate and alumina film under calcining conditions until an alumina film of desired porosity and surface area is formed, and then contacting the calcined alumina film with a material which stabilizes the alumina during subsequent heating. Optionally, the alumina film can then be further calcined at a temperature higher than that used in the first calcining conditions, preferably at a temperature up to about 1260.degree. C. The stabilizing material can be one of several compounds including those of barium, silcon, and the rare earth metals.

Abstract: A novel fuel composition contains ethanol or gasohol plus, as a wear-inhibiting additive, a quaternary ammonium reaction product of an amine ##STR1## typically bis(2-hydroxyethyl)cocoamine and a phosphate, or phosphonic acid, typically dilauryl phosphate.

Abstract: A high temperature multipurpose grease is prepared from the lithium soap of a C.sub.12 to C.sub.24 hydroxy fatty acid, (e.g. 12-hydroxy stearic acid) and a dilithium soap of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.12 dicarboxylic acid, (e.g. dilithium azelate) wherein the acid mole ratios range from 3:1 to 0.5:1 respectively under carefully controlled processing conditions including controlled alkali addition and one step heating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the recovery of oil from a subterranean oil reservoir by miscible displacement using a predominantly nitrogen-containing gaseous displacing fluid which may contain lesser quantities of carbon dioxide. The miscibility of the first portion of the gaseous displacing phase injected into the formation is greater than the miscibility of the subsequent portion, as a consequence of increased concentrations of carbon dioxide and/or normally liquid hydrocarbons for the purpose of decreasing the time and distance which the gaseous nitrogen-containing displacing fluid must travel into the reservoir before attaining a conditionally miscible transition zone at reservoir conditions of temperature and pressure. The concentration of carbon dioxide and/or normally liquid hydrocarbons may be decreased in a reverse taper function, after which essentially pure nitrogen or nitrogen containing only minimal amounts of more soluble components may be injected into the formation.

Abstract: Oil is produced from a steeply dipping subterranean reservoir containing high viscosity petroleum by injecting a fluid comprising steam into the lower portion of the reservoir and withdrawing the oil from production wells in an intermediate portion of the reservoir while injecting a fluid such as cold water into the updip portion of the reservoir to prevent loss of steam vapor therethrough.

Abstract: Reaction of maleic acid anhydride and polyisobutylene is improved by use, as catalyst, of a complex of polyisobutylene and a 1,3-dibromo dialkylhydantoin.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in situ or "one pot" process for making a fuel additive comprising reacting an excess of at least one N-primary alkylalkylene diamine with maleic anhydride in the presence of from 20 to 36 weight percent of a mineral oil reaction diluent at a temperature ranging from ambient to about 225.degree. F. and recovering a product containing a primary aliphatic hydrocarbon amino alkylene substituted asparagine, an N-primary alkylalkylene diamine in the reaction oil with the product having a by-product succinimide content not in excess of 1.0 weight percent, based on the weight of asparagine present.

Abstract: A filter element which is physically capable of withstanding adverse operating conditions in a subterranean environment. The filter element comprises a durable, yet fluid pervious casing through which a particulate carrying fluid is radially passed after leaving the substrate. An annular bed within the casing, is formed of a metallic fibrous mass which defines multitudinous flow passages that retain the solid particles, yet pass the residual fluid therethrough. A fluid pervious sheath surrounds the metallic mass to form an initial particle retention phase, to maintain the fibrous mass in its desired shape, and to function as a base for accumulating retained solids.

Abstract: Acetaldehyde is prepared in good yield from methanol and synthesis gas by contacting the mixture of methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen with an iodide or iodine-free catalyst composition comprising ruthenium powder, a cobalt-containing compound and an onium salt or base, and heating the resulting mixture to an elevated temperature and pressure for sufficient time to produce the acetaldehyde, and then recovering the same from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Acetaldehyde is prepared in good yield from methanol and synthesis gas under mild reaction conditions by contacting a mixture of methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen with an iodide or iodine free catalyst composition comprising (1) ruthenium powder, (2) a cobalt-containing compound (3) a rhodium-containing compound, and (4) an onium salt or base, and heating the resulting mixture under mild temperature and pressure for sufficient time to produce the desired acetaldehyde, and then recovering the same from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A special tool for use in fishing operations during well drilling when a so-called string shot is used. The tool is made up of a hollow sub that may be connected into a string of pipe for lowering in the well. And, it includes a sliding sleeve in the sub. There is a gate in the wall of the hollow sub that is held in place by the sliding sleeve so as to leave the hollow sub open when a preliminary fishing opertion is attempted. And, there is means associated with the sleeve for sliding it to a different position so that the gate will be shifted in order to guide a string shot to the outside in case the inside of the fish is plugged.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel curing agents for polyurethanes comprising reaction products of (1) a polyoxy alkylenepolyamine with (2) an alpha-substituted acrylic acid derivative wherein the substituent has a terminal hydroxyl group or (3) with a compound having an oxyrane ring and reaction products of (1) and (2) above, with (3) and (1) and (3) above, with (2). Also disclosed is a process for making polyurethanes by condensing a polyol with an isocyanate in the presence of the present curing agents in an amount ranging from 5 to 100 percent by weight of the polyol.

Abstract: Alcohols may be inhibited against corrosion by addition thereto of an alkenyl-substituted aliphatic dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Products typified by alkenyl-substituted succinic acid anhydrides are prepared by reacting olefin oligomers with anhydrides of unsaturated aliphatic polycarboxylic acids in the presence of ferric chloride, ferric bromide, stannic chloride, or phosphoric acid H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 as catalyst.