Abstract: A tubular test chamber of square cross-section minimizes reflection of stray light from the interior surface of the test chamber onto the detector during measurement by an optical system which is based upon right angle light scattering by the dust particles of a test sample. A rotary solenoid is utilized to open a trap door through which a sample is dropped into the test chamber during energization so that the internal spring of the solenoid can be used to bias the door closed upon deenergization thereof. The electronic circuitry which supports the measurement process provides an output in the form of a single "characteristic number" for each sample measured and has a novel feedback circuit used in auto-zeroing of the device.

Abstract: A class of 2-arylpyrimidines which is useful in the control of weeds is of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is an optionally substituted aromatic ring; R.sup.3 is a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group; R.sup.5 is selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, and alkylthio; R.sup.6 is selected from hydrogen, halo, alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, and alkoxy; and X is oxygen or sulfur.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an organic radical having at least 2 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is an organic radical; andA=CO, CH.sub.2, or CHR.sub.3 where R.sub.3 is unsubstituted or substituted alkyl; andZ.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyland use as a fungicide and biocide.

Abstract: A class of 6-arylpyrimidines which is useful in the control of weeds is of the general formulae: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is selected from hydrogen, halo, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, haloalkyl, polyhaloalkyl, haloalkenyl, polyhaloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, polyhaloalkynyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, cyano, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R.sup.3 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or haloalkyl group; R.sup.5 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenynyl, or alkoxyalkyl, group; R.sup.6 is an aryl group (e.g. aromatic ring); and X is oxygen or sulfur. R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may form a fused ring.

Abstract: This invention pertains to phosphosulfonates, having the general formula ##STR1## wherein Y is phenyl, naphthyl, benzyl, a (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring, a 6-membered heteraromatic ring, a fused 5,6-membered heteroaromatic ring, or a fused 6,6-membered heteroaromatic ring; andX is oxygen or sulfur; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, haloalkoxy, cyanoalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkylalkoxy, alkylideneiminooxy, chloro, amino, phenyl or phenoxy; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are both alkoxy, taken together with the phosphorus atom to form a 6-membered oxygen-containing ring; compositions containing these compounds and their use as herbicides.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## are fungicides and herbicides when Z is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; Q is a triazolyl; X is an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; and W is a variety of functional groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to 1-(disubstituted carbamoyl)-3-(N-arylsulfonamido)-1,2,4-triazoles of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkenylalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl and haloalkoxyalkyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkenylalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or haloalkoxyalkyl, Ar is an optionally substituted aryl group, and the agronomically acceptable acid addition salts and metal complexes thereof, compositions containing these compounds and their uses as herbicides.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel (2-aryl-2-substituted)ethyl-1,2,4-triazoles and the enantiomorphs, acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof, as well as their method of preparation and their use as highly active broad-spectrum systemic fungicides.

Abstract: This invention relates to 1-(disubstituted carbamoyl or thiocarbamoyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl sulfonates and thiosulfonates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl and cycloalkynyl, or they may together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form an optionally substituted heterocyclic ring, R.sup.3 is an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, aralkyl or aromatic heterocyclic group, X and Y are each independently oxygen or sulfur, and the agronomically acceptable acid addition salts and metal complexes thereof, compositions containing these compounds and their uses as herbicides.