Abstract: Optically active 1,3-dioxolane derivatives which carry a mesogenic radical in the 4-position and have the general formula (I) ##STR1## are suitable for use as doping agents in liquid-crystal mixtures--in particular ferroelectric liquid-crystal mixtures. The symbols in the general formula have the following meanings:R.sup.1 is composed analogously to the part of the general formula on the right-hand side of X or is an alkyl or alkylene radical which can be substituted,R.sup.2, R.sub.3 and R.sup.4 are H or alkyl (R.sup.4 is also alkenyl) which can also be substituted [R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, together with the C(2) of the dioxolane ring are also a cycloaliphatic radical or a keto group], J, l and n are zero, 1 or 2 and k and m are zero or 1, subject to the proviso that, if k is zero n is zero and if n is zero m is zero and 1.ltoreq.J+l+n.ltoreq.3,--A.sup.1, --A.sup.2 and --A.sup.3 are an aromatic, heterocyclic or aliphatic ring system, --M.sup.1 and --M.sup.2 are --CO--O, --0--CO, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.

Abstract: Substituted pyridines, their preparation, and their use as pesticides and fungicides.The invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## and to salts thereof in which 1, 2, 3 or 4 of the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are an aliphatic, alicyclic or araliphatic radical bonded by a --O--CH.sub.2 -- or --O--CO--, and the remaining ones of these radicals are H, halogen or an aliphatic or aromatic radical, X is O, S or optionally substituted imino, Y is a bond or a bivalent radical and Z is an aromatic radical or optionally substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl. The invention furthermore relates to processes for their preparation and to their use as pesticides, in particular as insecticides, acaricides and fungicides.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of supporting a catalyst which involves attaching a catalyst to either a furry fiber, a furry plate or a discrete carbon fibril. The furry fiber or furry plate include a carbon fiber or plate and a plurality of carbon fibrils adhering to the outer surface of the carbon fiber or plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to deacetylase genes, to processes for their isolation, and to their use, in particular for the production of transgenic plants using tissue-specific promoters. It is possible to prevent the development of certain parts in these plants in a targeted manner. With the aid of deacetylase genes, it is furthermore possible to identify and isolate tissue-specific promoters in transgenic plants.

Abstract: Combinations of active substances of the formula (I) ##STR1## (i.e., sulcotrione), with herbicides from the group comprising fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, quinchlorac, molinate, thiobencarb, butachlor, pretilachlor, mefenacet, esprocarb, dimepiperate, HW-52, cinmethylin, anilophos, benfuresate, triazofenamide, benzofenap, pyrazoxyfen and TFH-450, have advantages on application, for example a synergistic increase in action, in particular in the case of important weeds in cereals, maize and rice.

Abstract: The invention relates to herbicidal compositions which compriseA) a compound of the formula I or salts thereof ##STR1## in combination with B) one or more compounds selected from the group comprising growth-regulator-type herbicides, dicamba and its salts, diflufenican, nitrodiphenyl ethers, sulfonylureas which differ from that of the formula (I) and their salts, and selective grass herbicides.They are particularly suitable for selectively controlling weeds in rice, soya and other crops.

Abstract: A trellis and trellise kit are provided with poles and lattice netting in which the lattice netting can be rolled up on the poles to which they are attached. Two crossbars are provided. They can be easily slipped on and off the poles to detach them from the netting, and the trellis can be formed into a compact package for shipping, warehousing, or storage by the user in a protected location. The poles preferably have square cross-sections. A pair of crossbars is provided with square holes slightly larger than the poles, so that the crossbars fit slidably onto the poles. The crossbars have very simple hook structures which engage the upper and lower edges of the netting to stretch it tight. Advantageously, the netting is made to bend across at least one edge of the crossbars, and at least one edge of each of the poles, so as to relieve strain on the fastening structures.

Abstract: The invention relates to modified SiO.sub.2 gels (xerogels), the preparation thereof and the use thereof as thermal insulators. The xerogels are prepared by acidifying an aqueous waterglass solution, polycondensing the silicic acid produced thereby, by adding a base, to an SiO.sub.2 gel, removing the water from the resulting gel by extractive distillation with an organic solvent which forms with water an azeotrope which separates on cooling into two phases, reacting the gel with a silylating agent, and then drying at pressures and temperatures which are below the critical pressure and/or the critical temperature of the organic solvent used for removing the water.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) and their salts as defined below, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is CO--Q--R.sup.8, where R.sup.8 .dbd.H or RR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl,R.sup.4 is H, R, RO, OH, RCO, RSO.sub.2, PhSO.sub.2R.sup.5 is RSO.sub.2, PhSO.sub.2, PhCO, RNHSO.sub.2, R.sub.2 NSO.sub.2, RCO, CHO, COCOR', CW--T--R.sup.9, CW--NR.sup.10 R.sup.11, CW--N(R.sup.12).sub.2 orR.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together are the chain (CH.sub.2).sub.m B or --B.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m1 B-- where B.dbd.SO.sub.2, CO; m=3, 4; m.sup.1 =2, 3;T and W.dbd.O, S; Q.dbd.O, S, NR.sup.13 where R.sup.13 .dbd.H, R;R.sup.6 .dbd.H, R, RO, RCO, ROCO, Hal, NO.sub.2, CN;R.sup.7 .dbd.H, CH.sub.3 ; R.sup.9 .dbd.R; R.sup.10, R.sup.11 .dbd.H, R; N(R.sup.12).sub.2 =heterocycleA=pyrimidinyl and triazinyl radical or an analog thereof,where R=(substituted) aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, are suitable as selective herbicides. They are prepared by analogous processes via sulfonamides.

Abstract: 1,2-di-substituted indan expressed by general formula (I) wherein X is a substituent which can be drawn out under an acidic condition to form a carbocation at 1-position of an indan skeleton, Y is a halogen atom, and X and Y can be in either cis- or trans-configuration forming either a racemic body or an optically active substance; or 1,2-di-substituted indan expressed by general formula (I') wherein X is a substituent which can be drawn out under an acidic condition to form a carbocation at 1-position of an indan skeleton, and X and OH group can be in either cis- or trans-configuration forming either a racemic body or an optically-active substance; or cis-1,2-epoxyindan expressed by general formula (VI) wherein R is phenyl or a lower alkyl group, oxazoline ring is in cis-configuration forming either a racemic body or an optically active substance is reacted, under an acidic condition, with a nitrile expressed by general formula (II) wherein R is phenyl or a lower alkyl group to produce cis-1-aminoindan-2-ol

Abstract: A non-superconductive Ag-based sheath formed surrounding a superconducting tape or wire is stripped by placing a Bi- or Pb-based metal material on the Ag-based sheath to be removed; and then heating the Bi- or pb-based metal material to 250.degree. C.-450.degree. C. to dissolve the Ag-based sheath; and removing the dissolved Ag-based sheath.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel phenanthrene derivatives of the formula (I) which are particularly suitable for use in liquid-crystal mixtures. The compounds of formula (I) have a broad range of applications. Depending on the choice of substituents, they can be used as base materials from which liquid-crystalline phases are predominantly composed. They can also be added to liquid-crystalline base materials to modify the dielectric and/or optical anisotropy of a dielectric and to optimize its threshold voltage or viscosity. Liquid-crystalline mixtures containing compounds of formula (I) are particularly suitable for use in electrooptical switching and display devices.

Abstract: Acaricidal, insecticidal and nematicidal substituted (hetero)arylalkyl ketone oxime O-ethers, processes for their preparation, agents containing them, and their use as pesticides.The invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are aryl or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted, and R is an optionally substituted aliphatic or alicyclic radical, to processes for their preparation, and to agents containing these compounds, and to their use for controlling animal pests.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acids by reacting alkali metal phenolates or alkali metal naphtholates with alkali metal carbonates and carbon monoxide, with subsequent acidification, wherein the solid starting materials--alkali metal carbonate and/or alkali metal phenolate or naphtholate--are metered into the reaction mixture in the form of one or more dispersions in an inert organic liquid.The process according to the invention enables the preparation of aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acids in good yields and with high chemical selectivity. Additional measures for increasing the selectivity, as described for example for the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction in EP-A 0 053 824, EP-A 0 081 753 and EP-A 0 254 596, and for the reaction with CO and carbonate in, for example, WO 91/11422, are unnecessary.

Abstract: A sampling device for a batch or continuous pulp digester for reduction of pulp sampling errors such as during a digester "blow" and for improving a pulping process based on the obtained samples.

Abstract: A health food product containing a first component in the form of a discrete portion from a second component provides enhanced in vivo oxidative defense indices and prevents or attenuates exercise-induced in vivo oxidative stress as indicated by cellular and/or tissue modification. The first component includes an antioxidant mixture containing a blend of antioxidants selected from all-trans beta-carotene, a mixture of cis beta-carotenes, all-trans alpha-carotene, a mixture of cis alpha-carotenes, all-trans lycopene, a mixture of cis lycopenes, all-trans gamma-carotene, a mixture of cis gamma-carotenes, zeta-carotene, phytofluene, phytoene, vitamin C, vitamin E and curcumin.

Abstract: A resin compound having superior electrical, mechanical, and molding properties that includes a synthetic resin and carbon fibrils. At least 50 wt % of the fibrils are intertwined to form fibril agglomerates whose diameter is in the range of 0.10-0.25 mm.

Abstract: A polymeric composition having improved toughness and conductivity comprising carbon fibrils, at least a portion of which are in the form of aggregates, wherein, as measured on an area basis, substantially all of the aggregates are less than about 35 .mu.m in diameter. A polymeric composition having improved toughness and conductivity is prepared by combining carbon fibrils, at least a portion of which are in the form of aggregates, with a polymeric material, mixing the combination to distribute the fibrils in the polymeric material and applying shear to the combination to break down the aggregates until substantially all of the aggregates are less than about 35 .mu.m in diameter.