Abstract: A plurality of multiple spindle toolheads are stored in a carousel-type toolhead magazine on top of a machine tool which includes a toolhead driver for driving any selected one of the toolheads. The toolhead driver is mounted for movement along a Z axis toward and away from a worktable. A rotary toolhead changer arm for transferring toolheads from the toolhead magazine to the toolhead driver and vice versa is mounted on the machine for rotation about an axis which is inclined at an angle of 45.degree. to the Z axis. The toolhead changer arm has two diametrically opposed ends which are each inclined at an angle of 45.degree. to the rotary axis of the toolhead changer arm. Clamps are mounted on both ends of the toolhead changer arm for clamping toolheads thereto. When the toolhead changer arm is rotated through 180.degree.

Abstract: A tool transfer arm is pivotally mounted on a tool transfer housing which is movable between a tool storage magazine and the spindle of a machine tool to transfer tools between the tool storage magazine and the spindle. The tool transfer arm has two pair of toolholder jaws, one pair on each end thereof. One toolholder jaw of each pair is movable and the other jaw is fixed. Each movable jaw is pivotable between an open and closed position by a clamp arm which is pivotally connected to the corresponding movable jaw and slidably engages an arcuate guide slot in the tool transfer arm. A cylindrical abutment on the spindle head near the spindle and on the tool storage magazine bears against the adjacent clamp arm when the tool transfer arm approaches either the tool storage magazine or the spindle in one angular orientation to close the corresponding movable jaw and clamp a toolholder in the jaws for removal from the tool storage magazine or spindle.

Abstract: The data address portions of a set of computer instructions are scrambled in accordance with a predetermined cipher key before the instructions are loaded into the instruction memory. The instructions with the scrambled data address portions are then loaded into the instruction memory at addresses corresponding to the original program sequence. The data involved in the program is loaded into a separate data memory at the addresses specified in the original unscrambled program. An unscrambler circuit which operates in accordance with the cipher key is coupled in series with the data memory address input conductors and is mounted on the data memory unit and is encapsulated therewith to prevent anyone from examining the unscrambler to determine the cipher key or from electrically interrogating the unscrambler in such a manner as to determine the cipher key.

Abstract: An inspection probe is mounted in the spindle of a numerically controlled machine tool and is moved toward a workpiece therein by the numerical controls until it makes contact with the workpiece. Contact with the workpiece is indicated by change in the output signal of a portable transmitter mounted within the toolholder that carries the inspection probe. The change in output amplitude causes the instantaneous position of the spindle to be recorded in the numerical controls at the instant of contact between the inspection probe and workpiece to indicate the corresponding dimension of the workpiece. Movement of the spindle is stopped after contact between the inspection probe and workpiece to avoid damage to either the inspection probe or the workpiece.

Abstract: An analog signal which occurs in a computer controlled machine tool is converted to digital form at the machine tool site and is stored in a memory portion of the machine tool computer. The digitized analog signal is subsequently read out of the memory and is transmitted to a remote diagnostic unit via a conventional digital transmission link. The digitized analog signal received by the diagnostic unit is stored in a memory portion of the diagnostic computer and is subsequently read out and converted back to analog form for display on an oscilloscope in the diagnostic unit to aid in the diagnosis of existing or incipient faults in the machine tool.

Abstract: A machine tool has a worktable slidably mounted on a bed for movement along a horizontal X axis opposite a spindle which is journalled for rotation about a horizontal Z axis perpendicular to the X axis, the spindle being slidably mounted on the bed for movement along the Z axis toward and away from the worktable and for movement along a vertical Y axis perpendicular to both the X and Z axes. A workpiece storage support is rotatably mounted on a frame adjacent to the worktable on the side thereof opposite the spindle. The worktable and workpiece storage support have guideways thereon for slidably receiving a pallet carrying a workpiece, the guideways being positioned so that they can be aligned to permit a pallet to be slid from the workpiece storage support to the worktable and vice versa along the Z axis. A pallet transfer bar is provided which is dimensioned on one end to fit in the spindle and is dimensioned on the other end to engage a pallet.

Abstract: In apparatus for controlling the speed and torque of a multiphase a.c. motor in accordance with digital control signals, a first regulation circuit regulates the frequency of the a.c. electrical signal applied to the motor and another regulation circuit regulates the voltage of the a.c. signal. Both regulation circuits are controlled by digital control signals in a series of discrete steps over a range of control values and the control signals are supplied periodically to the regulation circuits. The speed and torque are controlled in accordance with an algorithm relating speed and torque to the frequency and voltage of the source of electric power which is applied to the motor, calculated by computing apparatus on a periodic basis. In one embodiment the position of the magnetic flux of the stator is controlled directly.

Abstract: The tool change mechanism includes a tool storage magazine having a plurality of tool storage sockets disposed in two concentric circles. A tool transfer arm is mounted within the inner circle of sockets. The transfer arm may be rotated and extended or retracted and moved toward and away from the magazine for extracting a previously used tool from a ready socket and inserting such tool into a designated socket of the magazine. In like manner, the transfer arm will operate to extract a selected tool from any one of the sockets in the magazine and transfer it to the ready socket. The latter is mounted on a carrier which also supports a tool change arm. The carrier is pivotable between a loading position and a tool change position. When the carrier is in the loading position, the ready socket is located at the magazine where it is accessible to the tool transfer arm for extracting previously used tools from the ready socket and inserting new tools into it.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for receiving heat from hot exhaust gases flowing through the flue of a furnace or boiler. The exhaust gases are directed through a heat box which contains a plurality of tubes. A blower blows room air through the tubes whenever hot gases are flowing through the flue and the heat in these gases flows about the tubes to warm the air flowing through the tubes and the warm air is directed to a room to be heated. The exterior of the tubes are exposed to the exhaust gases and these become dirty and must be cleaned. To facilitate this operation the present invention provides for constructing the tubes into an assembly which is removable as a unit from the heat box and is secured to the box by snap moldings which snap over the open edges of the heat box and the tube assembly to not only secure the tube assembly to the heat box but to seal the heat box to prevent the escape of any gases.

Abstract: An electric motor driven drill and a battery therefor are mounted within a toolholder for a machine tool. The battery is coupled to the motor through a centrifugal switch which closes when the toolholder is rotated about its axis above a predetermined speed and opens when the rotary speed of the toolholder falls below the predetermined speed. The toolholder is mounted in the spindle of a machine tool and the drill turns on when the spindle is rotated and turns off when the spindle stops, the rotary speed of the spindle being added to the rotary speed of the drill in one direction of spindle rotation and subtracted from the rotary speed of the drill in the opposite direction of spindle rotation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a greatly simplified workpiece changer mechanism in combination with a simplified tool storage and changing mechanism for a machine tool. To accomplish this, a rotatable work carrying spindle is adapted to support a workpiece for selective rectilinear movement relative to an associated rotary cutting tool, and to support the same workpiece for selective rotational movement relative to a rectilinearly movable cutting tool carried by the same spindle. The work receiving spindle is mounted in spaced apart relationship to a storage support adapted to releasably carry a workpiece for selective interchange with a workpiece carried by the work spindle. To effect a selective interchange of workpieces between the work spindle and the storage support, a work transfer arm is pivotally supported between the work spindle and the work support.

Abstract: A coffin for a human being molded of papier-mache. The coffin is formed with ribs that provide strength to the structure and at the same time have a decorative effect. The improved method of forming the coffin includes drawing paper pulp onto the molds while the latter are inverted so that there is a heavy flow of pulp by gravity to the open end of the coffin to produce heavier flanges. When the mold is received from the pulp with the coffin molded onto it, an air impervious blanket is placed over the coffin when the vacuum is applied to suction the water from the papier-mache so that greater compression of the pulp is obtained to produce a stronger papier-mache structure and reduce the drying time.

Abstract: A portable cot and table which folds into a carrying case in which bedding or other equipment may be packed for travel and storage. Extensions may be added to the basic cot so that the length of the cot can be increased to accommodate the particular person using it. The legs are extensible so that the flat sleeping surface can be raised to the normal height of a table. Removable cups are provided for receiving each of the legs of the cot and the cups may be filled with a repellant or insecticide to prevent insects from crawling up the legs of the cot.

Abstract: Conventional dental floss is provided with loops at convenient intervals along its length. The person using the dental floss can insert a finger from each hand into two adjacent loops to obtain a firm grip on the dental floss while it is being used to remove particles from between the teeth. The dental floss with the loops on it is rolled into a coil in the usual manner and placed in a container from which it can be drawn for use.

Abstract: In apparatus for controlling the speed and torque of a multiphase a.c. motor in accordance with digital control signals, a first regulation circuit regulates the frequency of the a.c. electrical signal applied to the motor and another regulation circuit regulates the voltage of the a.c. signal. Both regulation circuits are controlled by digital control signals in a series of discrete steps over a range of control values and the control signals are supplied periodically to the regulation circuits. The speed and torque are controlled in accordance with an algorithm relating speed and torque to the frequency and voltage of the source of electric power which is applied to the motor, calculated by computing apparatus on a periodic basis. In one embodiment the position of the magnetic flux of the stator is controlled directly.

Abstract: This invention relates to a greatly simplified workpiece changer mechanism in combination with a simplified tool storage and changing mechanism for a machine tool. To accomplish this, a rotatable work carrying spindle is adapted to support a workpiece for selective rectilinear movement relative to an associated rotary cutting tool, and to support the same workpiece for selective rotational movement relative to a rectilinearly movable cutting tool carried by the same spindle. The work receiving spindle is mounted in spaced apart relationship to a storage support adapted to releasably carry a workpiece for selective interchange with a workpiece carried by the work spindle. To effect a selective interchange of workpieces between the work spindle and the storage support, a work transfer arm is pivotally supported between the work spindle and the work support.

Abstract: A molten metal sampler that is provided with a chamber that can be evacuated and is adapted to hold the vacuum until it is to be placed in operation. When the sampler is contacted by the molten metal, a seal holding the vacuum will disintegrate to permit passage of the molten metal into the evacuated chamber.

Abstract: A receptacle for extracting a sample of molten metal from a furnace while the metal is in the furnace or is being poured from it. The receptacle is formed of a mineral fiber or other suitable material having high heat insulating qualities with a portion of the wall of the receptacle being formed of a material that is a relatively good conductor of heat. The proportion of insulating material to good heat conducting material is such as to obtain the desired control of the solidification of the metal by preventing premature chilling and thereby improving the quality of the sample. The good heat conductor preferably presents a smooth surface to obtain a corresponding smooth surface on the metal sample to facilitate processing it in the metallurgical laboratory.