Abstract: The conditioned air from a ventilator enters one chamber in a manifold, which chamber has a connection to an inspiratory conduit through which the conditioned air is conducted to the patient. The expiratory conduit from the patient communicates in the manifold with a second chamber, positioned below the first chamber. A wall in the manifold at the lowermost part of the first chamber defines an orifice providing fluid communication between the two chambers. At the lower part of the second chamber is the expiratory valve which is pulsed by the ventilator. Adjacent the patient is a slanted "Y" and elbow which provide communication between the inspiratory conduit, the expiratory conduit, and the patient's single endotracheal or tracheostomy tube. Various ports are provided in the "Y" and elbow and are closed by caps. These ports provide connections suitable for various needs such as temperature measurement, ventilator temperature controller probe, etc.

Abstract: A pan having a perforated bottom is within and rests on the bottom of the snail trap container which is inserted into the ground. An upwardly extending handle of the pan carries a cover and supports it above the open top of the container to serve as a rain shield. The handle is hollow and receives a float. A liquid level gauge in the form of a rod is affixed to the float and projects upwardly through the top of the handle.

Abstract: The position of a vehicle is derived from vehicle speed and heading. A two-axis electrically restrained gyro, the spin axis of which is parallel to the vehicle vertical axis, serves at first to determine the north direction with stationary vehicle. The attitude of the vehicle about the longitudinal and transverse axes is measured by means of a pair of vehicle-fixed accelerometers. True north direction is derived from the signals of the accelerometers and of the gyro. Subsequently the gyro is rotated through 90.degree. about one input axis and serves as heading-attitude reference during the mission. The rotary speed about a third axis perpendicular to the input axes of the gyro is measured by means of a rotary acceleration meter the output of which is applied to an integrator. During the mission, the attitude parameters of the vehicle are computed continuously from the initial attitude parameters and the rotary speeds.

Abstract: Various embodiments of photoreactors are disclosed which have at least two irradiation chambers with a window therebetween. Ultraviolet radiation is introduced into one of the chambers at a side opposite the window so that it passes through that chamber, through the window and into the other chamber. The fluid medium to be purified is passed through the chambers and subjected to the radiation while in the chambers. The flow of the medium is through the chambers in series in some embodiments and in parallel in others. An embodiment is disclosed wherein a recirculation line is established around the reactor with the recirculation being continuous or intermittent. When intermittent the purified fluid medium also is drawn off intermittently, between the periods of recirculation. In some embodiments the amount of radiation traversing all the chambers is monitored. If the monitored amount drops below a given amount, the apparatus is shut down.

Abstract: Protection against a high voltage apparatus becoming inadvertently grounded and thereby presenting a shock hazard is provided by introducing a ground fault interrupter in the power supply to the electrical control device which controls the supply of high voltage power. The two-wire power supply line between the ground fault interrupter and the control device has one wire grounded ahead of the interrupter and the other wire connected to the high voltage apparatus through a rectifier and a D.C. filter. Thus if the high voltage apparatus becomes accidentally grounded there is a drain to ground from the ground fault interrupter through the rectifier connection, which drain causes the interrupter to cut off the power supply to the control device thereby shutting down the high voltage apparatus.

Abstract: A contact-actuated light pencil for use in detecting electrically conducting areas or materials. The light pencil includes a hollow pencil body having an aperture at one end, a tubular electrical contact at the one end which lines the aperture, and a conducting probe extending from within the pencil body through the tubular electrical contact. The probe is electrically isolated from direct contact with the tubular electrical contact by an insulator, situated within the electrical contact, which has an internal aperture for through-passage of the probe. The probe is slidably situated within the internal aperture and is resiliently biased by a spring such that a portion of the probe normally extends outside of the pencil body. A conducting path leads between the electrical contact and the probe and includes a battery and lamp which is illuminated when electrical current flows.

Abstract: An acoustical transducer and grille combined into a single unit. The grille is acoustically transparent and includes a plurality of wave guides separated for through-passage of sound. Situated in the midst of the grille is a mounting for the acoustical transducer. The transducer mounting has a central opening and an annular groove formed about the periphery of the central opening into which the acoustical transducer is mounted. A second acoustical transducer, larger in dimension than the first acoustical transducer, may be employed as well, also mounted within the confines of the grille. For greatest acoustical clarity, the first and second acoustical transducers are coaxially oriented.

Abstract: At the infeed end of a poultry gizzard processing machine are two roller chains comprising a smaller chain riding piggyback on a larger chain. The larger chain has links which extend past either side of the smaller chain and up to define a platform for supporting the gizzard above the smaller chain. The stomach does not rest on this platform but descends between those links to ride on the smaller chain. The smaller chain moves faster than the larger chain to exert a pulling force on the stomach with respect to the gizzard.

Abstract: A roof ventilating louver incorporates a unique slope design which precludes accumulation of snow and ice above the louver, preventing drippage through the louver and permitting a low profile as compared with other roof louvers. The louver is manufactured in separate base and cover pieces to ease installation and permit periodic inspection of the screen and ventilation opening. Pilot posts and openings are specifically designed for the slope and act as a hinge to provide simple yet assured orientation of the cover with the base when assembling the unit. The spacing of screen posts and fastener posts is coordinated with the size and pattern of the screen mesh openings to eliminate the necessity of preforming post holes in the screen. These novel design features minimize cost of manufacture, ease installation and improve operation.

Abstract: In a bi-frequency infrared spectrometer having a filter wheel rotating in the path of rays, which filter wheel carries two semicircular filters transparent in different spectral ranges, the influence of the radiation from the filters themselves is eliminated in that the filter wheel has an opaque backplate on the side facing the light source, said backplate having one aperture in the area of each filter, which aperture passes through the path of rays. In this way the detector "sees", at first, only the filter with the radiation emanating from the filter itself, and is subsequently exposed to the measuring beam emanating from the light source and passing through the sample cell, when the aperture is being moved through the path of rays. A clamp circuit keeps the output signal zero until shortly before the aperture passes through the measuring beam. The detector signal is integrated by an integrator during a measuring time interval and a reference time interval.

Abstract: The exhaust gas of a diesel engine is washed and then a centrifugal separator divides the gas into an O.sub.2 enriched component and a CO.sub.2 enriched component. Additional oxygen is added to the former component and it is used by the engine for combustion purposes. Water in a pressurized tank is employed to remove CO.sub.2 from the CO.sub.2 enriched component. Thereafter the latter is fed back to the gas stream going to the engine for combustion.

Abstract: Intermediate the ends of jumper cables for the batteries of automotive vehicles is a relay. The relay has normally open contacts which are closed when the relay solenoid is energized. The relay solenoid is connected in series with the relatively strong battery to which the jumper cables are connectable and a push button switch at the end of an additional cable extending from the relay.

Abstract: An external rotor comprises an annular case within which is the laminated stack forming the motor drive members and end members at each side of the stack. These are heat fitted together to form an annular blank which is then machined to form an axial bore therein and end faces normal to the bore. A stator laminated stack is heat fitted onto an axle and thereafter peripherally machined and bearing seats are machined on the ends of the axle. After the stator is inserted into the rotor bore, bearings are mounted on the ends of the axle and preloaded by tightening nuts onto the axle ends and against the bearings. The bearings comprise inner rings seated directly on the axle and outer rings seated directly on the inside and end faces of the rotor.

Abstract: In a fluid displacement-type shock absorber, a piston responding to an impacting load moves within a cylinder, forcing hydraulic fluid therein out of one or more orifices into a reservoir. The resistive force of the piston depends upon its velocity, and the area of the orifice or orifices which control the rate at which the fluid can be displaced. The total available orifice are a for discharging fluid from the cylinder is progressively reduced as the piston is displaced from its initial position upon impact. The fixed orifice structure defines successive control regions, each of which is designed to provide a predetermined resistance profile and related deceleration control for a respective load system or mass system. The lightest mass system, traveling at its maximum velocity within the design range, reaches its limiting deceleration rate in the first control region.

Abstract: A structure for an underwater hull or tank which is required to withstand a high external pressure due to use at great immersion depths. The hull or tank is composed of one or more toric components formed of metal, which may be filled with a pressure-resistant material for added strength. The toric components are interconnected by connecting rings welded between adjacent toric components, and longitudinal connecting beams which are welded to the toric components and connecting rings.

Abstract: A gas analyzer for instantaneously testing the percentages of the components of a binary gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide and oxygen, or a ternary one also containing saturated steam, which is intended more particularly for the supply of fuel to an engine for submarine operation, said analyzer including a temperature test apparatus to test the temperature T of the gas mixture, a sound velocity test apparatus, comprising an ultrasonic generator receiver and phase comparator to test the sound transmission velocity V in the gas mixture and a calculator to calculate the value of the ratio V.sup.2 /T or a value proportional thereto.

Abstract: A length of thin, flexible, inexpensive adhesive-backed product has marking means on the front side. The product is affixed by the adhesive to a surface along a feature of the surface at a particular location, thus enabling a unit of material which is to be marked and cut to be put in position and pressed against the marking means thereby marking the material to match the feature of the surface.