Abstract: Catalytic material is prepared by impregnating porous silica with an aqueous solution containing vanadyl oxalate (VOC.sub.2 O.sub.4), potassium sulfate (K.sub.2 SO.sub.4) and potassium bisulfate (KHSO.sub.4). A free-flowing dry-appearing powder is provided comprising particles having substantially all compounds deposited from the impregnating solution attached to the silica particles within pores of the particles. Subsequent calcining of the powder provides a mixture of compounds within the particle pores containing at least one oxide of vanadium and at least one sulfate of potassium. Catalytic material prepared by the disclosed process is characterized in having a substantially uniform concentration of deposited compounds within the pores of the silica support. The catalytic material is particularly useful in a process for fluid bed oxidation of naphthalene to phthalic anhydride, in which oxidation process the catalyst provides high product yield at a low catalyst attrition rate.
Abstract: A process is provided for recovering the crystallization medium used for separating a 2,6-disubstituted phenol (DSP) from a feedstock containing it and a phenol in which only one of the 2 or 6 carbon positions are substituted (MSP).
Abstract: A process is disclosed for making resorcinol and substituted resorcinols by a first reaction step of vapor-phase cyclization of a delta-keto carboxylic acid ester over a carbon catalyst bed to form a 1,3-cyclic dione intermediate. The delta-keto ester is conveyed through the catalyst bed by a vaporized carrier characterized by being liquid at 25.degree. C. and having a sufficiently high boiling point that the vaporized carrier is easily condensable under ambient conditions. In a second reaction step, a liquid solvent containing the 1,3-cyclic dione intermediate is contacted with a supported noble-metal catalyst to form resorcinol or a substituted resorcinol.
Abstract: A quaternary alloy consisting of zirconium, titanium, manganese and iron is characterized in having C14 hexagonal crystal structure and ZrMn.sub.2 stoichiometry. Members of a preferred class of compounds, represented by the empirical formula Zr.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x Mn.sub.2-y Fe.sub.y wherein "x" has a value between 0.05 and 0.3 and "y" has a value between 0.1 and 1, are particularly suitable for use as hydrogen storage materials.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 30, 1982
Date of Patent:
November 1, 1983
Assignee:
Koppers Company, Inc.
Inventors:
William E. Wallace, Vijay K. Sinha, Faiz Purarian
Abstract: A ternary alloy comprised of zirconium, manganese and a third element selected from cerium, praseodymium and neodymium is characterized in having AB.sub.2 hexagonal crystal structure and stoichiometry. Members of a preferred class of compounds, represented by the empirical formula Zr.sub.x-1 M.sub.x Mn.sub.2 wherein "x" has a value between zero and about 0.3 and M is one of the selected metals, are particularly suitable for use as hydrogen storage materials.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 30, 1982
Date of Patent:
September 27, 1983
Assignee:
Koppers Company, Inc.
Inventors:
William E. Wallace, Faiz Pourarian, Vijay K. Sinha
Abstract: N-methylolated/methoxymethylated aryldisulfonamides useful as rubber crosslinking agents are provided of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein x is between about 1 and 2, and y is between about 1 and 3, z is between about 0 and 1.5, the total of x, y and z being about 4.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 10, 1981
Date of Patent:
September 20, 1983
Assignee:
Koppers Company, Inc.
Inventors:
Hans Dressler, Donald A. Lederer, James Noe
Abstract: A process is disclosed for one-step preparation of substituted tetraselenafulvalenes by reaction of carbon diselenide with acetylenic compounds under pressures of at least about 1,000 atmospheres. Substituted tetraselenafulvalenes made by this process are useful as precursors to very pure tetraselenafulvalene and are useful in forming complexes with certain inorganic anions to provide charge-transfer salts having very high electrical conductivity.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 18, 1981
Date of Patent:
September 6, 1983
Assignee:
Koppers Company, Inc.
Inventors:
Yoshiyuki Okamoto, Piotr S. Wojciechowski
Abstract: Catalytic material is prepared by impregnating porous silica with an aqueous solution containing vanadyl oxalate (VOC.sub.2 O.sub.4), potassium sulfate (K.sub.2 SO.sub.4) and potassium bisulfate (KHSO.sub.4). A free-flowing dry-appearing powder is provided comprising particles having substantially all compounds deposited from the impregnating solution attached to the silica particles within pores of the particles. Subsequent calcining of the powder provides a mixture of compounds within the particle pores containing at least one oxide of vanadium and at least one sulfate of potassium. Catalytic material prepared by the disclosed process is characterized in having a substantially uniform concentration of deposited compounds within the pores of the silica support. The catalytic material is particularly useful in a process for fluid bed oxidation of naphthalene to phthalic anhydride, in which oxidation process the catalyst provides high product yield at a low catalyst attrition rate.
Abstract: A process for removing sulfur oxides from waste gas is provided. The gas is contacted with a sorbent selected from sodium bicarbonate, trona and activated sodium carbonate and, utilizing an alkaline liquor containing borate ion so as to reduce flow rates and loss of alkalinity, the spent sorbent is regenerated with an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide.
Abstract: A process for removing sulfur dioxide from waste gas is provided. The gas is first contacted with an alkaline scrubbing liquor consisting essentially of a sorbent salt in which the cation is sodium or potassium, and one of the anions is borate. The clean gas is vented and the sorbent liquor regenerated for recycle by treatment with lime to precipitate insoluble calcium-sulfur compounds for disposal and regenerate the alkalinity of the scrubbing liquor.
Abstract: Synergistic fire retardants for wood and other cellulosic materials which are substantially non-hygroscopic and which do not require high curing temperatures in the material treated are formed of the partial reaction product of dicyandiamide, phosphoric acid, boric acid and water wherein the combined weight ratio of dicyandiamide and phosphoric acid to boric acid is from about 60 to about 40 to from about 90 to about 10.
Abstract: A pulsating potential is applied to the anode in the electrolytic oxidation of arsenic trioxide to arsenic acid to reactivate the anode and increase the current density.
Abstract: An iron blast furnace casting cage is provided comprising an enclosure for substantially surrounding a blast furnace tap hole and auxiliary equipment and having means defining an upper wall portion disposed above said tap hole and auxiliary equipment and a side wall portion extending generally downwardly from said upper wall portion, an access means in said side wall, an exhaust opening formed in one of said wall portions, said upper and side wall portions adapted to be disposed in a closely surrounding relation to said tap hole, auxiliary equipment and the floor of the cast house, and exhaust means extending from said exhaust opening for withdrawing pollutants generated in said cage.
Abstract: An increased water repellency is imparted to wood and other cellulosic materials with an aqueous solution containing a mixture of an aluminum halohydrate and a water soluble salt of a mono, di or trivalent cation selected from zinc, manganese, barium, calcium, cobalt, magnesium, nickel, copper, cadmium, strontium, beryllium, lead, mercury, chromium, sodium, lithium, and potassium and a monovalent anion selected from formate acetate, haloacetate, acrylate, methacrylate, propionate, chloro and bromo-propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, nitrate, sulfamate, iodide, bromide, and chloride, said water soluble salt excluding the nitrates, sulfamates, chlorides and bromides of sodium, potassium and lithium.
Abstract: An apparatus for determining the presence or absence of a predetermined minimum flexural strength and stiffness of a relatively rigid material, said apparatus comprising:a frame, a pair of flexure means, each flexure means affixed on opposite sides and ends of a support means affixed to said frame, and equidistant from a fulcrum means for said support, said fulcrum means affixed to said frame with a pivot point at the midpoint thickness of the material to be tested, a pair of guide means, each guide means affixed to said frame equidistant from said fulcrum means and positioned on opposite sides of and apart from said flexure means whereby the material to be tested is guided between the flexure means and guide means in a substantially horizontal path, a load means affixed to said frame for applying a predetermined force to said support means whereby the flexure means deflects the relatively rigid material, and sensor means affixed to said frame for detecting the amount of deflection of said material.
Abstract: A laminated wooden load support structure is described herein, wherein at least one of the lamina is comprised of a plurality of wooden elements orientated with respect to the load bearing surface or wear surface such that the end-grains of the wood elements of the lamina form a part of the load bearing surface.
Abstract: An aqueous copper chromate concentrate substantially free of sulfate anions is provided which can be diluted for use as a wood preservative. The concentrate is formed of a hexavalent chromium compound, a bivalent copper compound, and an acid selected from nitric, sulfamic, fluosilicic, fluoboric and mixtures wherein the total oxide content of CuO and CrO.sub.3 is from 25 to 60%.
Abstract: A process is disclosed for gasifying solid carbonaceous material at elevated temperature and pressure to produce a gas consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which comprises forming a slurry at atmospheric pressure of the carbonaceous material with a liquid having a specific gravity of from 1.1 to 1.9, a boiling temperature of at least 70.degree. F., a latent heat of vaporization less than about 200 BTU per pound, a critical temperature which is less than the incipient coking temperature of the carbonaceous material, a stability at temperatures up to 600.degree. F., an essentially inert chemical reaction with the carbonaceous material at temperatures less than about 600.degree. F., an immiscibility with water or solubility in water at no more than 5%, and a dissolving ability for hydrogen sulfide at temperatures of from -40 to 250.degree. F.
Abstract: A cement composition comprising cement, a self-setting pozzolan material, fine aggregate, air, water, at least one alkali metal constituent selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, and lithium ions, and at least one anionic constituent which is soluble in water and forms a calcium salt which is also water soluble, and a water soluble oxide of boron compound wherein the alkali metal constituent is present in an amount up to approximately 4.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of sodium ions, of the pozzolan material, the anionic constituent is present in an amount up to approximately 6.0 percent by weight, in terms of the equivalent weight of chloride ions, of the pozzolan material; the water soluble oxide of boron compound is present in the range of about 0.01 to 2.0 percent, in terms of the equivalent weight of borate ions (BO.sub.3.sup..ident.
Abstract: An apparatus and process for purifying and separating a crystalline compound from its impurities in a slurry containing same, said process comprising introducing said slurry under pressure into a cylindrical pressurized filter-washer having a substantially constant inside diameter which is substantially free of protrusions, said filter-washer having a filter means with a screen contiguous with an internal surface of the cylinder, said screen having a smooth surface sufficient to provide minimum friction so as to allow a moving bed of crystals to move past it and withdraw a filtrate without blinding, filtering the crystals, withdrawing the filtrate, and moving the crystal bed past the filter screen, applying a controlled restraining force on the crystal bed so as to prevent relaxation and channeling and over-compacting of said bed by means of a compression and harvest means substantially contiguous with said inside diameter and located between said filter means and an exit means, said compression and harvest m