Abstract: A multi-chip module is provided having one or more cylinders formed in the module cap, each centered over the middle chip of a group of chips. Cooling fins are attached to and extend from each of the cylinders. A heat conductive piston is located in each of the cylinders forming a small interface between the piston and the cylinders and the piston and the middle chip. The heat conductive piston is spring loaded against the chips. A heat conductive conformal surface flange extends radially from the outer end of each of the pistons so as to have portions thereof contacting adjacent chips in the group of chips, thereby providing parallel conduction cooling from the adjacent chips to the central heat conductive piston. Heat conductive spring means are included between the module caps and the flange for providing a seating force of the flange against the chips and providing an additional heat transfer path from the chip.

Abstract: The thermal conduction module for removing heat from one or more chips located therein consists of a housing made of heat conductive materials forming a cap over the chips. The housing contains one or more openings, one opposite each of the chips. More than one heat conductive element is included in each of the openings and are free to move lengthwise within the opening. The heat conductive elements are spring loaded so that the end of each element contacts the associated chip thereby lowering the thermal resistance of the interface therebetween. Side spring means are located between the sides of adjacent heat conductive elements forcing them away from one another and into contact with the opening wall.

Abstract: An individual chip joining machine is designed primarily to bond a single chip to a multi-chip substrate. The machine includes an X-Y table for moving a substrate to locate a chip site beneath a probe. The probe serves to pick up a chip and either place it on the substrate or remove it therefrom and further serves to heat the chip to join it to the substrate by solder reflow or to melt the solder and allow the chip to be removed. The probe is mounted on a Z direction placement mechanism that also includes means to allow the probe to be backed off a fixed distance from a chip, once the chip has been placed on the substrate preparatory to joining thereto. A second heater heats the substrate to a bias temperature, this heating being controlled through use of a surrogate substrate having a thermocouple attached thereto.

Abstract: A spectrum analyzing system measures or analyzes the colorimetric properties of a test sample at a preselected wavelength or range of wavelengths within the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared regions. The system includes a spectrophotometer provided with a wideband light source, optical devices providing a sample light path and a reference light path, a chopper wheel allowing light to be directed alternately along the sample and reference paths interspersed with dark periods during which no light travels along either path, a dispersion grating for dispersing the light from both paths, a series of neutral density filters for limiting to various degrees the amount of light traversing each path, and a linear array of photodiodes for detecting the dispersed light at different wavelengths.

Abstract: A data storage device has a pressurized flexible disc stack. An external actuator creates a partial split allowing a transducer to read edge codings on the discs to locate a desired one. An internal controller controls the pressure within the center of the stack and defines a zone aligned with the actuator within which the pressure is maintained above the bistable range while locating the desired disc. Upon locating the desired disc, the pressure with the zone is dropped below the upper limit of the bistable range causing the partial split to open or expand into a full, stable separation allowing a read/write head to access the desired disc.

Abstract: An NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectrometer has a permanent magnet provided with a field coil. A lock system cyclically pulses a deuterium lock sample to produce a FID (free induction decay) signal that is analyzed by measuring the time interval during which the FID signal crosses the zero axis a predetermined number of times. The measured interval is compared to a predetermined interval or set point, and the current through the field coil is adjusted in the direction tending to correct the field strength so as to maintain the measured interval equal to the preset interval. Such measurement, comparison and adjustment are done several times each second. When the sample is removed, the lock system retains the last field setting achieved with the sample.

Abstract: A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) magnet assembly includes two pole faces spaced to provide a gap in which is established a uniform magnetic field. The pole pieces have pole faces that are flat and parallel. The pole pieces are mounted on support plates one of which is fixed and the other of which is movable about a pivot point with two degrees of freedom of movement in response to adjustment of two adjustable mechanisms. Each adjustment mechanism includes a differential screw that produces a transverse movement and a longitudinally inclined pin or pins that translates such transverse movement into a much greatly reduced longitudinal movement. The combination of a differential screw and inclined pin provides a very fine adjustment of the parallelism of the pole faces. Each mechanism further includes means for providing a coarse adjustment.

Abstract: A spectrophotometer includes an illumination section for illuminating a test sample, and a spectrometer portion for receiving light from a test sample and measuring the radiant energy thereof as a function of wavelength. The spectrometer includes an entrance slit and two stationary gratings for dispersing light admitted through the slit into two separate dispersed beams or spectra. The separate beams are focused upon linear arrays of photodiodes providing outputs proportional to the intensity of the light rays at the different wavelengths received thereby. The gratings produce different primary orders of dispersion so that the efficiency of operation thereof is relatively high across a relatively wide band of radiant energy.

Abstract: A spectrophotometer is operative to measure or analyze the colors of materials such as textiles. A test sample is held by a holder and is illuminated by polychromatic light. Diffuse light reflected from the sample is collected and converted to variable monochromatic light and detected. The system is calibrated by using a secondary white standard calibrated against a primary white standard, by using a black standard to compensate for dark current and internal reflectance from a pressure plate, and by using a mirror to obtain internal wall reflectance used in a correction factor.

Abstract: An improved Hadamard filter is disposed between the dispersive element and detector of a Hadamard transform spectrometer. The detector has a series of linear photo-active diode elements arranged in the focal plane of an array of optical lenses. The lenses may be a series of Fly's-Eye lenses with each series arranged to overlay the corresponding linear element of the detector, or may be a cylindrical lens overlying a corresponding detector element. Individual lenses of the Fly's-Eye lens or individual elements of the cylindrical lens are selectively masked according to the desired matrix so as to perform the Hadamard transform spectrometry.

Abstract: In a textile color analyzer, a sample of textile is supported on the pad of an elevator mechanism that holds the sample against an instrument head. The head has an opaque housing provided with a chamber having an opening therein. A glass plate is mounted in the head and covers the opening and presses against the textile sample to provide a stable reference plane. The head includes an illuminating fiber optic bundle that directs light substantially perpendicular to the textile sample. A plurality of additional fiber optic bundles are mounted to receive diffuse light reflected from the sample. The elevator includes a pad of translucent polyethelene material that backs up the textile sample and takes on the color of the sample so that there are no adverse effects due to light showing through the sample and reflecting from the plate.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring the gloss of test samples at different predetermined angles of incidence, includes a glossimeter head operative to receive polychromatic light and direct it along plural beams at different angles of incidence towards an area on the surface to be analyzed. A plurality of light receptors are arranged to receive specular light reflected from the surface at different angles of reflection corresponding to the angles of incidence. The receptors include plural filters each one operative to pass light at a different wavelength than the others. The light collected by the receptors is passed through a monochromator to a light detector whereby the light directed at the different angles of incidence and reflections corresponds to different wavelengths. Fiber optic light pipes may be used to transmit light through the instrument. A plug type coupling may be used to convert a general purpose spectrophotometer to the purpose of measuring gloss.

Abstract: A spectrophotometer includes a wide band radiant energy source and a detector for providing an output signal proportional to the intensity of the radiant energy received thereby. A light pipe system is divided into a reference path and a sample path. Such system coacts with a rotary assembly having a variable monochromatic filter located diametrically opposite to an opening through which radiant energy can freely pass. The remaining portions of the rotary assembly are opaque so that as the assembly turns, the sample and reference paths are serially energized by monochromatic energy and then by polychromatic energy. The sample path includes a sample illumination and collection system for illuminating a test sample and collecting the light reflected therefrom. The resultant output of the detector can be analyzed to determine the amount of fluorescence.

Abstract: A spectrophotometer system is especially adapted for analyzing the colors of textiles. A sample holder includes a base that clamps a textile sample on a supporting surface. Slidably mounted on the base is a slider that is movable between two positions. In one position, an opening exposes the area to be analyzed. In the other position, a fiber optic head assembly overlies the area to be analyzed, the assembly including at least one fiber optic bundle for projecting light onto the sample and at least one other fiber optic bundle for receiving light reflected from the sample. A switch is mounted at one end of the base and is actuated when the slider is in the other position so as to provide an electrical signal indicating that a reading may be taken or analyzed by the spectrophotometer.

Abstract: An automatic handling system selectively conveys test samples to a test probe for analysis by an instrument. The test samples are contained in sample containers. A magazine contains sampler holders each of which contains sample containers. A transport system conveys the magazine so that the holders successively pass through an extraction station from where the holders can be taken from the magazine and placed back therein. The holders upon extraction are then conveyed past a test probe so that individual samples can be selectively presented to the probe.