Abstract: A low phase noise frequency multiplier is disclosed for multiplying a sine wave obtained from a low phase noise crystal oscillator to higher frequencies than can be directly obtained from a crystal oscillator. The multiplication occurs without the ordinary increase in phase noise. The multiplier, when tripling the frequency contains a low phase noise frequency doubler. The double and triple frequency terms in the tripler are synthesized from two orthogonally related derivatives of the same wave, which are then multiplied in a double balanced mixer. The process reinforces the desired harmonics while not reinforcing the short term random phase noise, and produces a substantial improvement in the single sideband phase noise ratio over conventional frequency multipliers.

Abstract: A rectangular carton for shipping articles such as incandescent light bulbs and serving as a display base for the articles is formed from a unitary boxboard blank and has an integral, removable platform or false bottom within. This enables the carton to be of a sufficient height to serve as a base to display the articles and at the same time permits shipment of a quantity of articles substantially less than what the carton will hold without the need for fillers or extra packing materials.

Abstract: A compact molded case circuit breaker with increased ampere rating employs a latch assembly for maintaining the circuit breaker operating mechanism in a closed condition against a pair of powerful operating springs. To increase the mechanical advantage required to move the operating handle against the springs, a retractable handle extender is attached to the handle. For higher-rated circuit applications, a lug cover extension is added to the line end of the breaker to assist in extinguishing the intense arc that occurs during circuit interruption and to protect the line lugs from inter-phasal circuit faults. A visual access slot is arranged next to the circuit breaker handle to ascertain and verify the condition of the circuit breaker contacts.

Abstract: An electronic trip molded case circuit breaker includes components that are designed for high speed robotic assembly. A unitary trip-to-test button is down-loaded within the circuit breaker housing for automatic alignment with the circuit breaker operating mechanism during the circuit breaker assembly process. A unitary auxiliary switch interface unit is also down-loaded within the housing for automatic alignment with the operating mechanism during the assembly process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cold shielding arrangement for use with either an individual staggered element linear IR array or a staggered arrangement of a plurality of such arrays. The cold shielding arrangement consists of a slitted plate spaced from the arrays, each slit being arranged to restrict the field of view of the pixels in both columns of one array in the scanning direction, and a pair of interdigitated pixel level cold shields set on the surface of each array to restrict the field of view of the pixels in the resolution direction.

Abstract: Improved tungsten coil filaments having good sag resistance and useful in double ended, high intensity and energy efficient tungsten halogen lamps having an IR reflecting filter on the filament chamber. These coil filaments have a microstructure which is a large, elongated and interlocking grain structure produced by a high temperature heat treatment process.

Abstract: An operating mechanism assembly used within molded case circuit breakers employing electronic trip units interconnects the operating mechanism with the circuit breaker movable contact arms by means of a slotted-cam arrangement. The slotted-cam optimizes the manual closing of the movable contact arms by controllably over-centering the circuit breaker operating mechanism springs.

Abstract: Electric meters contained within modular enclosures are field-installed within the electric distribution system busway by a busway riser and an associated busway connector. The busway connector interfaces between a pair of meter modules electrically connected on either side by means of busway connector straps. The busway connector straps are welded to the individual bus bars within the busway system on both sides of the bus bars.

Abstract: A combination panelboard-switchboard housing accepts plug-on connection with a plurality of electric switch-circuit breaker modules. Circuit breakers can also be directly connected into the bus bars in a plug-on connection with minor modification. The bus bars are "edge-mounted" such that the minor dimension of the bus bars is perpendicular to the bottom of the housing to receive the modules as well as the circuit breakers, per se. Plastic or fiber insulation shields are arranged over those bus bars that are not connected with the circuit breakers or modules to prevent inadvertent contact with the bus bars when energized.

Abstract: This incandescent lamp includes an envelope, a fine-wire filament within the envelope, and lead wires supported on the envelope and having inner portions within the envelope connected to opposite ends of the filament. The filament is rendered high resistant to damage from vibration and shock by: (a) stiffening the filament with a support wire connected between the envelope and an intermediate point on the filament and (b) constructing the inner lead-wire portions in such a manner that the natural frequency of the filament is between 1.7 and 2.2 times the natural frequency of each inner lead-wire portion.

Abstract: A ballast circuit for operating a metal halide lamp by applying DC excitation during its start, glow and run modes is disclosed. The type and values of the circuit components of the ballast circuit are selected to provide automatic, sequential and desired transfer functions as the impedance value of the metal halide lamp transitions from its value occurring during the start, glow and run modes of operation. The ballast circuit has an input stage that is easily adapted to present a high power factor to the AC power source supplying the metal halide lamp. Further, the ballast circuit generates a signal for more easily starting the lamp and having a relatively high DC level upon which are developed pulse signals.

Abstract: A molded case circuit breaker of the type containing an electronic trip unit and a combined acutator-accessory unit to articulate the circuit breaker operating mechanism employs an optimum cradle configuration within the circuit breaker operating mechanism. The optimized cradle interacts with the circuit breaker latch assembly to substantially reduce the tripping force required to articulate the operating mechanism.

Abstract: This coupling means comprises a sleeve containing a bore in which is located a bundle of optical fibers, at least some of which are of compression-deformable material. The input ends of the fibers, which receive light from a light source, are located in a predetermined plane. The bore tapers from a relatively large diameter at a location in a second plane spaced from said predetermined plane to a relatively small diameter at said predetermined plane. The tapered bore is of such a size that the optical fibers therein are laterally compressed and the compression-deformable fibers are so deformed in transverse cross-section relative to their normal cross-sections that the fibers more completely fill the bore in its relatively small diameter region than in said second plane.

Abstract: A molded case circuit breaker of the type using electrodynamic repulsion to separate the circuit breaker contacts under intense overcurrent conditions also includes an arc chute arrangement for cooling and quenching the arc that occurs during such contact separation. A plastic insert added to the interior of the circuit breaker cover multi-functionally retains the arc chute within the circuit breaker case while providing clearance for the circuit breaker operating handle shutter.

Abstract: A molded case circuit breaker with a visual access slot next to the circuit breaker operating handle allows the conditions of the circuit breaker contacts to be visually ascertained. To prevent inadvertent displacement of the circuit breaker operating handle when the circuit breaker is connected within an electrical distribution circuit, a handle guard is positioned over the circuit breaker operating handle. The handle guard is arranged such that the circuit breaker operating handle is free to reciprocate between the ON, OFF and TRIPPED positions while the operating handle guard is in position.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrically operated fiber optical switch for circularly polarized light. The switch comprises an input 3-dB fiber optic coupler, a Faraday effect fiber optic phase rotator and an output 3-dB fiber optic coupler, all three providing dual fiber optic paths. The input 3-dB coupler divides the light waves between two oppositely wound optical fibers in the Faraday effect phase rotator. The magnetic fields in the phase rotator are adjusted to produce the desired (e.g. .+-..pi./2 radians) relative phase delays between the divided light waves, the sign of the relative phase being dependent on current direction. When the light waves are recombined in the output 3-dB couplers, cancellation will occur in one or the other output fiber as a function of the direction of the magnetic field. The arrangement provides rapid switch operation by reversing the current direction in a magnetic field producing winding.

Abstract: A simplified lamp mount structure for a reflector lamp unit is disclosed enabling improved automated assembly on existing manufacturing equipment. The lamp mount arrangement physically supports a tungsten-halogen lamp entirely with electrical conductors protruding from the lamp envelope and secured to refractory closure means located at the bottom portion of a reflector member. Various lamp unit embodiments employing such modified lamp mounts are also described.