Abstract: Any one of several improved devices capable of implementing microwave phase logic (MPL) operating at gigabits per second rates comprises either at least one of means performing the function of a multigate microwave-monolithic-integrated-circuit (MMIC) field-effect transistor (FET), or a pair of doubly-balanced mixers, in which each of the mixers includes an RF port, a local-oscillator (LO) port and an IF port, and the IF port of a first of the doubly-balanced mixers is directly connected to the IF port of a second of the doubly-balanced mixers.

Abstract: In an interconnect PABX, which does not have an answer signal returned thereto, decision logic makes use of returned audible busy and ring-back signals to determine if a connection extended through a telephone utility network to a called station is completed.

Abstract: Thinned, contiguous imager chips, are arranged end-to-end, and accurately positioned relative to one another, that is, are positioned so that the proper spacing period between adjacent imager pixel detectors is maintained, by using a lap joint between contiguous chips. The use of a lap joint rather than a butt joint permits operation without any significant phase difference occurring and without any pixel detector gap occurring at the lap joint seam. Further, such a lap joint permits proper operation to be obtained even with relatively coarse chip-edge tolerances.

Abstract: A commercial X-Y positioning table is modified, to limit its dynamic X-positioning error to less than .+-.0.05 micrometer at rates of speed in the Y direction of up to 20 millimeters per second, by mounting an X direction translation stage having fast inertial response characteristics on the Y direction stage of the positioning table and employing an interferometer controlled X position feedback circuit to provide X error compensating movement of the translation stage with respect to dynamic X position errors of the Y direction stage. This permits the generation of sub-micrometer geometry exposure patterns in photoresist for the fabrication of fine relief structures.

Abstract: Microelectronic, locally-situated circuitry and memories, together with digital displays, are employed for modifying otherwise standard telephone stations so that the telephone stations can be utilized to store digital messages, such as the Caller's telephone number, transmitted by each of a plurality of Callers to an unattended User station. The unattended User station automatically retransmits a received digital message back to the Caller for verification, permitting the Caller to correct any error in the digital message or to send to the User station a verification signal that is also stored. All the stored information is available to the User upon his return, and may be used to automatically dial back the Callers.

Abstract: Markedly increased optical efficiency for a first diffraction order of incident wave energy, such as light, is derived from a layer of transparent material having effectively two serially spaced sinusoidal phase gratings of the same line spacing, each formed as a surface relief pattern thereon, by prescribing the thickness of the layer, the amplitude of the gratings, the respective indices-of-refraction of the layers and of transparent materials bounding the phase grating surfaces thereof, and the angle of incidence of the wave energy.

Abstract: An authenticating device comprises a transparent material, such as a plastic, having a thickness no greater than 100 micrometers embossed on one side with a lenticular array of lenslets having focal lengths substantially equal to this thickness, and embossed on the other side with a reflective relief pattern forming a periodic structure periods smaller than 100 micrometers, which periods are of a width that at least approximates that of the lenslets. The reflective relief structure of the authenticating device is secured to a viewable surface of the authenticated item sheet material and each period of the relief structure is comprised of a set of juxtaposed elements having significantly different reflective characteristics from one another.