Abstract: A method and system for inducing and controlling nutation of a gyroscope momentum wheel (or member) so that such controlled nutation can be used for purposes such as target searching, acquisition and tracking, particularly in a guided missile system. A nutation command signal having a frequency integrally related to the natural nutation frequency of the gyroscope momentum member is generated, preferably is response to a momentum member position feedback signal. The generated nutation command signal is applied to a torquer to induce movement of the momentum member at the frequency of the nutation command signal. The amplitude of the nutation command signal is selectively controlled to control the amplitude of the induced movement and thereby control the movement of the momentum member through a desired pattern. In the disclosed embodiment, the momentum member controls the line-of-sight of a sensor such as a light or other electromagnetic wave energy detector.

Abstract: A vibration-isolating apparatus having orthogonal X, Y, and Z axes is provided for mounting a payload to a base. The payload contains a torque producing device. Torque generated about the X-axis in the payload is communicated to the base through a stiff linkage in the rotational degree of freedom about the X-axis. The apparatus includes first and second support frames, the payload mounted on the first support frame and the second support frame mounted to the base. Gimbal means permit rotation of the payload about the Y and Z axes. Linear dampening means dampen forces between the payload and base communicated linearly along the X, Y and Z axes and rotation dampening means dampen forces between the payload and base communicated rotationally about the Y and Z axes.

Abstract: A masonry cement is prepared by blending portland cement, kiln dust, and fly ash. The cement of this invention exhibits no efflorescence, good board life, workability, and acceptable color for use with such construction materials as brick, cinder block, and concrete block.

Abstract: An obturator for a projectile to be fired from a rifled barrel is provided in accordance with this invention, with this obturator being mounted on the projectile in such a way as to permit rotational slippage. A preferred form of our obturator comprises a ring of non-metalic material, which ring is capable of being mounted on a circular body portion of the projectile. An external portion of the obturator ring has a plurality of encircling slots, essentially parallel to each other, which slots are rearwardly inclined so as to define a plurality of chevron-like members designed to forcibly engage the rifling of the barrel. The interior of the obturator ring is designed to slip rotationally with respect to the projectile body portion as the projectile travels along the barrel, thereby advantageously minimizing the rotation of the projectile as a result of rifling effects.

Abstract: In the process of removing oxides of sulfur from gases, comprising the step of contacting, at 2.degree.-100.degree. C., components comprising water, calcium ions, and sulfite ions or bisulfite ions to form a sludge, the improvement comprising contacting said components in the presence of dissolved Graham's salt or a dissolved polymer of the formula M.sub.x P.sub.n O.sub.(3n+1) to form a sludge having improved properties, wherein M is a cation, n is a positive integer greater than 1, x is (n+2)/y, and y is the valence of M. Resulting sludge and new composition of matter, comprising lime or limestone mixed with Graham's salt or M.sub.x P.sub.n O.sub.(3n+1), which is useful in performing the process, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is provided for improving the strength and other properties of non-plastic dry hydraulic cement mixes, such as the dry concrete mixes used for making concrete masonry units. The method comprises incorporating a synergistic combination of two additives into the cement mix. The first additive is a salified methyl or ethyl substituted benzene or naphthalene sulfonate, and is preferably added in an amount of between about 0.01 and 1%, by weight based upon the weight of the cement. The second additive is a tertiary aliphatic amine oxide, and is preferably added in an amount of between 0.001 and 0.1%.

Abstract: A beam of light to be evaluated for coherence length is projected through an optical cavity having non-parallel reflecting surfaces to form a Fizeau fringe pattern. A multiple detector array senses the light output of the cavity at various locations along the fringe pattern. The sensed values of the light are compared with one another and the polarity of their difference is used to determine whether the coherence length of the light beam is above a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: An optical incremental shaft encoder in accordance with this invention involves an illumination source arranged to direct light through an optical slit, with the light then falling upon a series of very closely spaced lines forming a first grating. I have discovered that close by this grating a series of image planes are formed, with each plane containing multiple images of the slit. Generally, these images are distinct for distances of only 1/10th of an inch or less with respect to the grating or mask, and for the purpose of this invention, I do not use image planes further away from the mask or grating than this distance. I have found a way to utilize this diffraction phenomenon to great advantage by providing another grating-like member, placed at a selected one of the image planes, whose line spacing is identical to the image line spacing.

Abstract: A null pattern technique for reducing the effect of an undesired interfering signal in a data link channel, using an accepted monopulse tracking arrangement in a novel mode, such that the source of such interfering signal can be caused to be placed at the null of the antenna pattern used, thus greatly increasing the desired-signal-to-interfering-signal ratio without necessitating a physically large antenna.

Abstract: 1.

Abstract: Improved hydraulic cement mixes are made by incorporating into such mixes an admixture comprising at least one acetic acid ester of a glycol in an amount sufficient to increase the compressive strength of products made from such mixes. In portland-type cement mixes, these admixtures also act as set accelerators. In high-alumina cement mixes, the admixtures not only increase strength but also inhibit the spontaneous loss of strength which is generally characteristic of high-alumina cements. A preferred admixture is ethylene glycol diacetate in an amount of up to about 3.0% by weight based upon the weight of the cement, preferably in an amount of between about 0.01% and 2.0% by weight.

Abstract: A digital voltage accumulator functioning to store a digital signal over an extended period of time, the digital signal representing the accumulated sum of values of an analog input signal as sampled during the period of time following system reset command. The accumulator is capable of selectively incrementing or decrementing the stored signal, following an update command, in response to amplitude and polarity changes in the analog input signal. Signal storage is effected using a digital counter and a bipolar digital to analog converter. The analog equivalent to the stored digital signal is arithmetically summed with the analog input signal. Update is accomplished by comparing this summed signal with the analog equivalent of the stored digital signal upon command. The digital counter increments when the sum signal is positive relative to the stored signal and decrements when the sum signal is negative relative to the stored signal.

Abstract: To boresight the laser of a laser designator system to the null point of an automatic television tracker, by selectively causing the laser beam to be retroreflected to the video sensor of the system, which interfaces with a television tracker. The tracker locks onto the retroreflected laser spot, with the tracker error signals, in a feedback control loop, being used to control the video sensor raster bias to center the sensor sweeps about the laser spot, thereby nulling the tracker error signals and achieving boresight with the laser automatically.

Abstract: This invention relates to method and apparatus in accordance with which a PPM signal can be encrypted with minimum complexity, involving converting the PPM signal to an encrypted PCM signal, and converting the encrypted PCM signal to a corresponding PPM signal. Only a receiver with a decrypter employing the same modifying code may convert the encrypted PPM to the original PPM intelligence signal.

Abstract: A method of making an optically black surface having a low reflectance of electromagnetic radiation, especially in the solar spectrum, a relatively high heat resistance, and a relatively low amount of off-gassing, comprising the steps of(a) Milling the following mixture of ingredients for up to about 50 minutes:______________________________________ Ingredient Amount (% by weight) ______________________________________ Alkali metal silicate 13-21 Internal cure agent 2-10 Black pigment 17-27 Mica 0-3 Water 50-70 ______________________________________wherein the internal cure agent is selected from the group consisting of CuO, Cu.sub.2 S, NiO .multidot.Ni.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Co.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: 1. A solid propellant fuel composition for rockets comprising ammonium nitrate and a water-soluble compound of alginic acid selected from the group consisting of sodium alginate, potassium alginate, ammonium alginate, triethanolamine alginate and propylene glycol ester of alginic acid as the principal essential ingredients, the alginic acid component being employed in the ratio of about 2.5 to 5.5 parts per 12 parts of ammonium nitrate.

Abstract: 10. A method for use in controlling the travel of a vehicle comprising the steps of first deriving two narrow band noise signals of different frequencies, then delaying one of said signals by an amount which constitutes the information which will control the path of the vehicle, next adding the delayed and undelayed signals to form a composite signal, subsequently transmitting the composite signal to a receiver in the vehicle, then applying the composite signal to a non-linear device in said receiver along with a duplicate waveform of itself which has been delayed in time, subsequently deriving from the non-linear operation through the step of filtering a signal at the difference frequency between the two original noise signals, which signal is a function of the correlation between said composite signal and its delayed duplicate waveform, and lastly applying said difference frequency signal to a non-linear device to generate control signals which are proportional to said correlation.11.

Abstract: A monopulse radio direction finding and tracking system having the capacity of detecting the presence of multiple radiating sources within the effective beamwidth of the monopulse antenna and causing the monopulse antenna to move toward and align its boresight with one of the multiple sources. Signal processing is provided that implements an algorithm based on the amplitudes and absolute magnitudes of signals from a receiver sum channel, elevation and azimuth difference channels, and elevation and azimuth angular error channels. The algorithm utilizes the differences in the ratio of signals present in these channels when a single radiating source is present and when multiple sources are present. Steering control circuits are provided that bias the azimuth and elevation antenna steering servo system to cause the antenna to align its boresight with one of such multiple sources.

Abstract: An improved process for producing portland and portland type cement clinker wherein argillaceous and calcareous type materials are ground and blended to form a generally homogeneous mixture and subsequently burned in a kiln at a temperature in the range of about 1200.degree. C. to about 1500.degree. C. to form cement clinker, the improvement comprising incorporating into the mixture a fluorine containing mineral acid, selected from the group comprising fluotitanic acid, fluoboric acid, fluophosphoric acid, fluosilicic acid, and hydrofluoric acid, as a fluxing and mineralizing agent, in an amount of up to 3.0% by weight based upon the weight of the dry solids in the mixture.

Abstract: A switching network is disclosed that is capable of handling analog, PCM and CVSD signals connected to said network via loops or trunks. All signals are converted into CVSD format, synchronized to the network clocks, and switching is carried out on a time divided basis by shifting bits from one channel slot in the frame format on the input side of the switching circuit to a different channel slot in the frame format on the output side of the switching circuit. The multiplexing and demultiplexing of data on the input and output sides of the channel shifting mechanism is controlled by words in a random access memory. Thus, the mux-demux operation is easily varied by changing the word storage in the random access memory. The channel shifting is controlled by the words stored in a second random access memory. Thus, channel shifting is also easily varied.