Abstract: Ammonia-free, HF-free cleaning compositions for cleaning photoresist and plasma ash residues from microelectronic substrates, and particularly to such cleaning compositions useful with and having improved compatibility with microelectronic substrates characterized by sensitive porous and low-k to high-k dielectrics and copper metallization. The cleaning composition contain one or more non-ammonium producing, non-HF producing fluoride salt (non ammonium, quaternary ammonium fluoride salt) in a suitable solvent matrix.

Abstract: A method and composition for removing sodium-containing materials such as photoresist from microcircuit substrate material utilizes 1,2-Diaminocyclohexanetetracarboxylic Acid in an organic solvent.

Abstract: Separation of a variety of analytes that are polar, nonpolar and ionic using functionalized polymeric media is disclosed. Preformed rigid particles of highly crosslinked homopolymer of polyvinylidene compounds are functionalize using the residual vinyl groups onto which monovinyl compounds are covalently bonded through polymerization. The functionalization imparts desirable surface properties for separation applications such as liquid chromatography and solid phase extraction.

Abstract: Aliphatic amines are obtained by continuous addition of ammonia to C2- to C8-alkenes in the presence of a heterogeneous or homogeneous catalyst at a pressure of 2 to 8 MPa, a temperature of 220 to 320° C. and a molar ratio of ammonia to the alkene of 1.5 to 20, while the gaseous reaction mixture which leaves the second section, is cooled to a temperature near the dew point, it is led to the enrichment part of the first section, where it is sprayed in counterflow with a liquid mixture consisting of the starting substances. The unreacted starting substances thus disposed of the most of the amine formed are recycled under pressure in gaseous state to the second section, the liquid mixture in the impoverishment part of the section gets rid of the unreacted starting substances, and from the bottom of the first section the concentrate is conducted to further processing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a respirator mask which can be repeatedly fitted to different facial shapes. It consists of a mask base body and a support structure which supports the mask base body and can repeatedly be deformed plastically above a specific limit temperature so that the respirator mask can be fitted to different facial shapes.

Abstract: The ability of biting midges to locate a target by olfactory emissions of the target is inhibited by dispensing into a spatial area an inhibiting effective amount of at least one inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of 3-methyl-1-alkene-3-ols of the formula: and 3-methyl-1-alkyn-3-ols of the formula: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system suitable for a remote interrogation of passive transponders using chirp signals for interrogation. The transponder preferably has an encoding unit (11), a calibrating unit (12) and a measuring unit (13) each with a plurality of parallel channels (11.1 to 11.5, 12.1 and 13.1 to 13.2). The encoding unit and the calibrating unit are preferably jointly incorporated with a common delay line (14) on the same SAW chip. The interrogation signals received in the transponder via an antenna (10) are delayed characteristically and code-specifically, in particular in the encoding and calibrating unit. Decoding in the interrogation station is preformed by discrete Fourier transformation of the response signal and subsequent evaluation of the spectrum. To correct general disturbing influences on the delay of the response signal, said signal is calibrated using a single calibrating component in the response signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for assessing the applied air pressure during automatic respiration through positive airway pressure. The air pressure applied is varied by the device according to the invention so that at least three different pressure values can be adjusted. The corresponding respiratory gas flow is measured. On the basis of the relation of the measured respiratory gas flows to each other it is determined whether the applied air pressure is below or above an optimal air pressure or whether the applied air pressure is the optimal air pressure. The device according to the invention can be applied for adjusting the optimal air pressure in respirators used in the CPAP therapy. The device according to the invention provides the advantage of enabling an easy and reliable control of the applied air pressure.

Abstract: A method and a device for switching to the inspiration or expiration phase during CPAP therapy are disclosed. By means of a first high threshold value and a second low threshold value non-specific influences on the first derivative of the gas flow curve are suppressed in the corresponding breathing phase and the transition to the corresponding following gas phase is determined with high sensitivity. The invention further relates to methods for recognizing and suppressing the influence of the pulse or for switching to the inspiration phase in case of shallow breathing. The advantages of the invention are greater switching accuracy and improved safety for the patient.

Abstract: A precipitation tube bundle for wet electrostatic filters is provided. The precipitation tube bundle consists of a plurality of single-piece precipitation tubes which are held at a distance from each other by an upper support collar, a central guide ring and a lower guide ring. The application is advantageous in that the tube bundle can be produced simply and economically, individual tubes can be replaced and when an electrical breakdown occurs in one of the precipitation tubes, the adjacent tubes are not damaged.

Abstract: A beauty device is provided that offers conditions that are appropriate for electrical stimulation that is designed to resolve wrinkling, sagging and such of skin conditions. A pair of electrically conductive gloves and that include silver conductive material is worn on both hands that have been clad in insulated gloves. A combination of ultra-weak electrical currents that are comprised of a combination of multiple types of current wave forms made up of alternating current square-waves of differing patterns are provided from the electrical current control device and applied to the surface of the skin in areas such as the face through the electrically conductive gloves by having the gloves come into contact with the skin, thereby reducing the wrinkles, sagging and such of the skin.

Abstract: The method serves to add at least two values by means of a circuit. Both input values and output values are represented in differential form, either as a pair of voltages or as a pair of currents. The circuit consists of four transistors; it has a pair of current inputs for one of the input values, a pair of voltage inputs for the other input value, and a pair of current outputs for the output value. The voltage between the two voltage inputs corresponds to the first input value; the quotient of the currents through the two current inputs corresponds to the exponential of the other input value; and the quotient of the currents through the two current outputs corresponds to the exponential of the sum of the two input values. Values represented by voltages are easily transformed into current representation, and vice versa. The method is suitable for a variety of applications and the circuit can be cascaded both with copies of itself and with other circuits.

Abstract: The present invention provides an assembly for use with spray bottles. Spray bottles include a container with an open end removably sealed by a pump. The pump has a removable dip tube. The assembly has a bottle support including a fastener and a container coupling. The assembly also has a pump extender adapted to be operatively coupled to the pump with its dip tube removed. Moreover, the assembly has an extension conduit in fluid communication with the pump extender. The fastener is adapted to secure the bottle support to the cloths of a user. The container coupling is adapted to be removably sealed to the open end of the container. The container coupling is adapted to operatively couple the dip tube, removed from the pump, with the extension conduit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automated respiration method involving positive airway pressure. The method comprises a step for measuring the respiratory gas flow and comparing it with a threshold value. A further step is provided for assessing any obstructive respiratory disturbance. An evaluation step evaluates the measurement values and determines whether it is a case of normal breathing, obstructive respiratory disturbance, non-obstructive respiratory disturbance or snoring. Depending on the results provided by the evaluation step, the positive airway pressure is either maintained or modified. It is the advantage of the invention that the respiratory gas flow as well as the airway obstruction are continuously measured, thereby enabling the positive air pressure to be adjusted to different individual states of the patient.

Abstract: Four wing rotors for used in an internal batch mixer. The rotor has two long wings, and these two long wings have different approach angles and helix angles. The rotor has two short wings and these short wings also preferably have different helix angles and approach angles. The rotors provide improved distributive and dispersive mixing allowing for greater productivity in processing materials and producing more homogeneously mixed materials at lower discharge temperatures.

Abstract: A steering device comprising of a one-piece T-shaped bar stem that is mounted to a head tube and that has two essentially parallel ends to which attachment clamps are mounted, each clamp holding the handlebar tube. The handlebar tube is arranged parallel to the bar stem's ends. The wall thickness of the handlebar tube changes along the longitudinal axis of the handlebar tube. Within reinforcement areas, which serve to receive the attachment clamps, the wall thickness reaches its maximum. Within a first area of the handlebar tube having a constant outer diameter the wall thickness reaches its minimum. To prevent radial recesses within the handlebar tube, intermediate areas are formed, having an inner radius that increases in measure from a radius being equal to the inner radius of the first area to a radius being equal to the radius of the inner radius of the reinforcement area.

Abstract: Pollutant molecules and/or particles are removed from a stream of polluted gas utilizing moisture-containing sonic or supersonic shock waves passing through the stream of polluted gas stream to alter, change, modify, grow or otherwise change the molecules and/or particles to render then removable or separable from the gas stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for controlling the heat transfer to a workpiece during vapor phase soldering. According to said process, a workpiece placed in a vapor phase is first rapidly heated to a predetermined temperature, and then the temperature is controlled by changing the vapor volume on the workpiece surface. Preferably, a workpiece in the vapor phase is heated to a temperature lower than the melting point of the solder, and then the workpiece is heated at the boundary between the vapor phase and the vapor-free space more slowly to the melting point of the solder. This invention is advantageous in that it provides a process for rapid vapor phase soldering with no undesirable side effects, such as, e.g., formation of solder pearls.