Abstract: The present invention utilizes the modulation ratio between the flicker of a sensor signal and the absolute signal average to detect fire conditions. The system of the present invention requires that the signal on a sensor channel be above a certain threshold and the ratio of the flickering portion of the signal to the absolute signal average be within a certain range. The system may be applied to any sensor signal in response to any source, including, but not limited to, radiation, acoustic or optical signals including ultraviolet, visible or infrared radiation. Signals may be filtered with a median filter to remove noise. A least-mean-square curve-fit is made to the data to account for any growth or decay in the fire signal. The flicker can be calculated using any of several metrics such as standard deviation, p-norms, or maximum deviation, but mean deviation seems to provide optimal performance. The modulation ratio system can be augmented with a separate detection scheme for large-scale fires.

Abstract: A nautical propulsion device for amphibious vehicle wherein the rims 2 of the driving wheel tires 1 are provided with vanes 3 rotating with the wheels. Each of these wheels comprises, in the region where the liquid leaves the vanes 3, an open delivery channel 4 adjacent to and facing this region, and a delivery pipe 5 with its outlet facing backwards with respect to the desired travelling direction. If the driving wheels are also guiding wheels, the vehicle may be steered through the water simply by turning the wheels without any other drive being required. The wheels act as pumps using the reactional fare to propel the vehicle during nautical use.

Abstract: An endodontic system of shaping instruments, irrigation cannulas, filling instruments and materials designed to safely create specific tapers of root canal preparations and to clean, dry, seal, and restore them. The shaping instruments are a series of reamers, files, and handpiece burs, made of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, or other alloys, which impart several different specifically-tapered apertures in root canals. The instruments have one or more safety features to eliminate perforating curved roots, including shorter flute length as the angle of taper increases and variable sharpness along the length of the flute portion, as well as variable flute pitch along the length of the flute portion to maximize cutting efficiency and resistance to breakage, and a rounded tip to eliminate ledging. The hand instruments have a handle designed to optimize use of the instruments in apically directed, rotary cutting motions.

Abstract: Electrical circuitry associated with a pneumatic pressure detector for use in an overheat condition or fire alarm system for aircraft. The pressure detector comprises a plenum situated between a pair of deformable diaphragms and pressurized by a capillary type sensor containing an absorbed gas. A control electronics stage is located remotely from the pressure detector stage and is connected thereto by a single wire extending between them. The control electronics stage senses integrity failure of the pressure detector, an overheat or fire condition, and a ground fault in the connection between the two stages and provides corresponding output indications. The circuitry also includes ground connections at the control electronics stage and the pressure detector, respectively.

Abstract: An interface yoke plate is employed to impart directional control of multiple rocket nozzles. The interface yoke plate is rotated and translated in two orthogonal directions in accordance with steering commands from the missile autopilot and effects control along the yaw, pitch, and roll axes of the missile. One actuator yoke plate translates the interface yoke plate along one axis while another actuator yoke plate translates the interface yoke plate along a second axis. The interface yoke plate may also be rotated by one or both actuator yoke plates, causing a relative twisting of the multiple rocket nozzles and thereby directing their thrust in opposing directions and inducing a roll motion of the missile.

Abstract: A metal stairway constructed on site in a metal framed house. The stair steps are supported between a pair of trimmed sheet metal stringer panels on each side of the stairway. Each step of the stairway is formed of metal treads and risers cut to appropriate lengths from conventional joist members provided on site for the metal framed house. The metal treads and risers are attached at opposite ends thereof to the respective stringer panels by way of standard angled brackets provided on site for securing metal framing members together. Threaded self-drilling fasteners attach each angled bracket to a corresponding stringer panel and to an associated metal tread or metal riser. Wooden treads and risers are attached over the metal treads and risers by standard self-drilling screws.

Abstract: An actuation system for controlling the steerable nozzle of a missile or like vehicle is combined with an aerofin control system, both of which are driven in unison by associated drive motors and gear assemblies, one set for each aerofin. The nozzle steering system comprises two essentially identical yoke plates mounted along a plane generally transverse to the missile axis and oriented orthogonally relative to each other about the missile axis for pivoting the nozzle through mutually orthogonal axes, thereby achieving omni-directional steering. The yoke plates are coupled at opposite ends to pinion gears which are driven by the same gear assemblies which drive the associated aerofins. The arrangement permits common directional control of the steerable nozzle and the aerofins while maintaining the nozzle in a neutral direction when the aerofins are rotated to a missile roll control mode.

Abstract: Removably attachable wrist band devices for use in helping an addicted cigarette smoker permanently quit smoking. The devices comprise an acupressure stimulator section, a wrist attachment section, and an elastic section with controlled elasticity. The wrist band is placed on a user's wrist such that the acupressure stimulator is positioned proximal to the L-7 acupuncture point and the elastic section of the wrist band is positioned on top of the user's wrist. The elastic section of the wrist band is designed to limit the maximal energy that the user can transfer to a unit area of skin when the band is snapped against the wrist. This is so that snapping the wrist band will not be perceived as aversive to the user. The disclosed wrist band devices have the dual functions of providing a non-aversive behavioral modification function together with providing stimulation of the L-7 acupuncture point, which has therapeutic value in treatment of smoking addiction.

Abstract: A gimbal control system including a hand controller having a trackball and a mode select switch for determining the mode of gimbal control. The mode control switch is capable of selecting between four different control modes. The trackball is enabled to control movement of the gimbal in different control relationships depending on the control mode which is selected. The hand controller includes a plurality of other switches for enabling the trackball to provide additional system control capabilities. The hand controller is ergonomically designed to minimize operator stress and fatigue during extended missions. It has a particular shape and the various control elements are strategically positioned to provide ready access to an operator's manual digits when the controller is held in the right hand with both hands and arms in a naturally relaxed attitude oriented at approximately a right angle.

Abstract: Various arrangements of a bicycle carrier for transport by motorized vehicle include a particular type of clamping device for securely gripping the tire of a bicycle wheel mounted therein. The clamp comprises a pair of generally parallel, spaced-apart side panels adapted to receive a bicycle wheel and frictionally engage the tire when the panels are drawn together by a suitable closure, such as a bolt and nut combination. Theft protection is afforded by a padlock extending through holes in the two panels. In one arrangement, the clamp is stamped of sheet metal with the side panels being flexible enough to accommodate being drawn together by the adjustable closure. In another arrangement, the side panels are hinged to a base plate so that they can be pivoted into frictional engagement with the bicycle tire. The carrier mounts transversely on a longitudinal support member adapted for installation in the receiver portion of a conventional vehicle-mounted trailer hitch.

Abstract: An absorbent pad effectively adapted for use as an adult diaper or, in a slightly different version, to be worn as an absorbent disposable pad within reusable panties. The product includes a liquid impervious backing sheet, a liquid permeable upper facing sheet adhered to the backing sheet about the edges thereof and an intermediate absorbent pad combination comprising upper and lower tissue layers and a paper fluff filler mat sandwiched together with a pair of spatially separated barrier strips that are positioned parallel to each other along the sides of the article between the two tissue layers. The plies of the tissue layers are formed with a crepe-like irregular surface oriented to develop a wicking action directed along the layers in a transverse direction, toward the absorbent barrier strips.

Abstract: An actuation system for controlling the steerable nozzle of a missile or like vehicle is combined with an aerofin control system, both of which are driven in unison by associated drive motors and gear assemblies, one set for each aerofin. The nozzle steering system comprises two essentially identical yoke plates mounted along a plane generally transverse to the missile axis and oriented orthogonally relative to each other about the missile axis for pivoting the nozzle through mutually orthogonal axes, thereby achieving omni-directional steering. The yoke plates are coupled at opposite ends to pinion gears which are driven by the same gear assemblies which drive the associated aerofins. The arrangement permits common directional control of the steerable nozzle and the aerofins while maintaining the nozzle in a neutral direction when the aerofins are rotated to a missile roll control mode.

Abstract: A removeably attachable wrist band device for use in helping an addicted cigarette smoker permanently quit smoking. The device comprises an elastic section, a hook fastener section, a loop fastener section, and an acupressure stimulator. The device is placed on a user's wrist such that the acupressure stimulator is positioned proximal to the L-7 acupuncture point and the elastic section of the wrist band is positioned on top of the user's wrist. The elastic section of the wrist band is designed to limit the maximal energy that the user can transfer to a unit area of skin when the band is snapped against the wrist. This is so that snapping the wrist band will not be perceived as aversive to the user. The disclosed wrist band has the dual functions of providing a non-aversive behavioral modification device together with providing continuous and differential stimulation of the L-7 acupuncture point, which has therapeutic value in treatment of smoking addiction.

Abstract: A disposable fiber optic sleeve for attachment at the forefront of a surgical instrument. The sleeve is an elongated tubular shape and incorporates multiple fiber optic bundles for transmission of visible light to enhance intraocular visualization. Additional bundles of optical fibers may provide for the application of laser beam and video transmission to intraocular tissue. The sleeve is constructed of inexpensive plastic materials and is designed to be disposable after a single or several uses.

Abstract: Bicycle carrier apparatus includes an H-shaped support frame bearing a pair of opposed threaded clamping members for rigidly gripping the bicycle pedal crank arm mounting bolts on opposite ends of the central crank arm shaft. A further support for the front wheel is provided in which the front wheel tire is frictionally engaged in a secure clamping device. A pair of individual bicycle carriers are affixed to a longitudinal support member which attaches to the receiver portion of a standard vehicle-mounted trailer hitch. An additional pair of bicycle carriers in a similar configuration may be connected to the first carrier apparatus by means of a simple connector assembly. A cartop rack is also disclosed as well as a variant which also mounts to a trailer hitch receiver.

Abstract: The ground anchor of the invention is used for winching vehicles from mud, river beds, sand embankments and the like and up rough terrain, such as hills and mountains. The anchor includes a blade with a sharp ground-engaging point, a cantilever post preferably releasably connected to the center of the blade, as by post tabs in slots in the blade, and locked in place by a latch arm with a hook. The anchor also includes an elongated tongue pivotally connected to the end of the post which is remote from the blade and which extends in the same direction as the point of the blade. The tongue has at its free end a connector to retain a winch cable. Tension linkage is pivotably connected to the mid portion of the post and to the remote end of the tongue and extends generally in the direction of the point. The anchor includes a support brace in the form of a truncated triangle with cross bar and diverging depending ground-engaging legs.

Abstract: A mattress and pillowtop assembly includes a reversible, invertible mattress which may have a generally horizontal top and with generally vertical sides extending between the top and bottom to define a central space containing supporting and cushioning components. The mattress also includes a number of spaced, generally vertically extending straps, the opposite ends of which are connected to the exterior of the sides of the mattress adjacent the top and bottom. The straps are used in lifting, turning and inverting the mattress to extend its utility. A pillowtop extends over the top of the mattress, releasably held in place by two sets of connectors. The first set comprises a number of spaced connectors anchored to the periphery of the pillowtop and extending outwardly therefrom. The second set comprises an equal number of spaced rings slidably mounted on the lifting straps for easy movement between the mattress top and bottom.

Abstract: A plumbing adapter for installation in series with a flexible conduit leading to a plumbing fixture, such as a toilet tank or a kitchen or bathroom sink. The adapter has a first end suitable for engagement in sealing relationship with the terminal end of the conduit and an opposite, second end configured to engage the coupling portion of the plumbing fixture in sealing relationship. A threaded side extension having an opening communicating with the water passage within the adapter is provided for coupling to an auxiliary appliance through which water is to be supplied.

Abstract: A system for charging compressed air cylinders with air for breathing incorporates a fragmentation containment chamber having walls of 1/4" minimum thickness steel plate and a carousel mounted in the front panel for transferring the cylinders into and out of the chamber. Specially configured locking plates are moved in and out of locking position for the carousel in accordance with the pressurizing operation. A rotary valve serves to insure that compressed air can only be transferred to the cylinders within the cylinder when they are in position for charging and not to the cylinders outside the chamber. A grating at the bottom of the chamber permits high pressure air to exit the chamber safely in case of any malfunction. Safety interlocks and automatic controls operate in accordance with rotation of the cylinders on the carousel results in the easy, rapid and safe charging of the breathing air cylinders.