Abstract: The performance of a thermal insulation for a building surface 6, subject to a thermal gradient emitting from the building interior, is enhanced by a neutral thermal gradient. For this purpose an electrical heating element 1 is adapted to release very low Wattages of thermal energy and is contained within an inner layer 4 and an outer layer 5 of thermal insulation. Adjusting the thermal efficiency of the insulation layers controls the magnitude of the thermal energy required to maintain the temperature of the element 1 at the equivalent temperature level to the building interior. The element 1 may be provided with a moisture controller and discharge sizeable quantities of thermal energy to dry moisture from the thermal insulation materials of the assembly.

Abstract: An electrical heating assembly (2) includes a control system (26). The control system (26) comprises cooking mode selection means (34) having a plurality of settings whereby a predetermined cooking mode is user-selectable for the electrical heating assembly (2), and cooking value selection means (36) adapted for user-selection of a cooking temperature within a predetermined temperature range. The control system (26) is adapted whereby operation of the cooking mode selection means (34) from one setting to at least one other setting results in a change in the predetermined temperature range provided by the cooking value selection means (36).

Abstract: A display for charting levels of selected human interests consisting of a base that has a plurality of radially arranged benchmarks of different levels of the selected interest. A pointer axially located on the display may be rotated from one bench mark to another. The plurality of factors having different values for the characteristics relate to the interests.

Abstract: A thermal ink ribbon cassette for a mailing machine has an anti-reverse spring for preventing rotation of the take-up spindle in the unwinding direction; a constant-tension drag arrangement, including an expansible stub axle, a cooperating expansion member, and a drag gear mounted on the stub axle in meshing engagement with an array of gear teeth surrounding the base of the ribbon supply spindle; and a guide bar for defining an optimal ribbon path between the entrance opening of the cassette housing and the take-up spindle.

Abstract: A wheeled conveyance comprising a chassis (4), support means for a load mounted on the chassis (4), a suspension assembly mounted on the chassis (4), and at least one shock absorber means (38) acting on at least part of the suspension assembly and adapted and arranged to limit tilting of the chassis (4) relative to at least part of the suspension assembly under dynamic load conditions tending to produce such tilting. The suspension assembly comprises spring means (32) and suspension arms pivotably mounted on the chassis (4) and extending in forward and rearward directions in the region of opposite sides of the chassis (4). Each suspension arm has a wheel (16, 26) rotatably mounted at the free end.

Abstract: Sol-gel beds and deposits are utilized for SERS analysis of liquid analytes. Measurements are made at multiple points along the length of a column or channel to increase, very significantly, the speed of analysis, and use of the same medium to both separate the chemicals and also for SERS greatly reduces the complexity of such apparatus and enhances the efficiency of the method.

Abstract: Sol-gel beds and deposits are utilized for SERS analysis of liquid analytes. The use of the same medium to both separate the chemicals and also for SERS greatly reduces the complexity of such apparatus and enhances the efficiency of the method.

Abstract: An inked ribbon core is formed with interference structure, providing an internal cylindrical contact surface, and a longitudinal rib, the interference structure and rib frictionally engaging corresponding spindle structures to secure the core on the spindle.