Abstract: This invention describes the production of crystalline fructose from an aqueous dispersion utilizing an alcohol and controlled temperature conditions. The aqueous dispersion is maintained at an elevated temperature of 50.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. and admixed with the alcohol at a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1:3. The alcohol is selected from methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and mixtures thereof and maintained at a temperature between 46.degree. C. and 75.degree. C.

Abstract: Glycoside products are successfully prepared directly from aqueous saccharide solutions or syrups, and with acceptably low levels of undesired higher polysaccharide by-products, by dissolving same in the desired alcohol reactant and contacting the resulting homogeneous aqueous saccharide+alcohol solution with an acid catalyst material in a fashion such that substantially no separate or distinct, predominantly aqueous saccharide solution phase is permitted to come into contact with said acid catalyst material under conditions conducive to homopolymerization of said saccharide reactant.

Abstract: Insect infestation of grain is controlled by contacting the grain, or a locus separating the grain from an insect population, with an insecticidally effective amount of a liquid comprising a concentration of phosphatides greater than that found in crude vegetable oils. The dust associated with the grain is controlled as well when the grain is contacted with the liquid.

Abstract: Cold water soluble methylated, ethylated or carboxymethylated non-gelatinized granular starch materials are provided which are particularly well suited for use as thickeners and/or rheology modifiers in latex paint compositions. Such starch materials have a methyl, ethyl or carboxymethyl degree of substitution (D.S.) of from about 0.15 to about 1 and have a ratio of total inorganic anion content (in weight percent on a starch material dry solids weight basis) to methyl, ethyl or carboxymethyl D.S. of about 14 or less.

Abstract: Glycoside-containing polyester products having improved color characteristics are provided by a polyester preparation process in which a polyol reactant containing at least a minor proportion of a glycoside reactant is reacted with a lower alkyl ester of a polybasic acid. The color characteristics of such products are notably improved relative to that which is obtained when said reaction is instead conducted using the corresponding polybasic acid or anhydride in place of the indicated lower alkyl ester thereof.The color improvement benefits of the present invention are particularly pronounced and dramatic when the polybasic acid component of the desired polyester product comprises an aromatic polybasic acid and when a lower alkyl ester of said aromatic polybasic acid is employed in the reaction in place of the aromatic acid itself.

Abstract: Glycosides and polyglycosides are described having the formulaR(OG).sub.xwhereinR is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms or is a radical with the formula R.sub.1 (OR.sub.2).sub.n which does not have more than 25 carbon atoms and wherein n=0 to 24 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals,G is selected from the group consisting of fructose, glucose, mannose, galactose, talose, gulose, allose, altrose, idose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, ribose or mixtures thereof, and x is 1 to 30which glycosides and polyglycosides inhibit oxidation and acid attack of ferrous metals.

Abstract: A process for preparing a gel confection comprises: (a) heating a first component comprising sugar, water, and a first gelling agent under conditions which activate the first gelling agent; (b) preparing a second component comprising a second gelling agent which is a granular, nonbirefringent cold-water-swelling starch under conditions which prevent activation of the second gelling agent; (c) mixing the first component and the second component under conditions which activate the second gelling agent; (d) obtaining the desired mixture viscosity for forming; and (e) forming the mixture into the desired shape.

Abstract: The glycoside surfactants are employed in combination with strong acids to provide cleaning and acidizing compositions.

Abstract: Aqueous liquid carpet and upholstery shampoo compositions are provided which comprise a glycoside surfactant, a normally solid, water soluble or water dispersible polymer component and water. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the surfactant ingredient employed consists essentially of one or more glycoside surfactants and utilizes a polymer-containing shampoo modifier system of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,203,859.The indicated compositions are utilized in the cleaning of soiled carpet or upholstery by applying said composition to the soiled carpeting or upholstery; permitting same to dry and harden thereon and thereafter removing at least a portion of the resulting soil-containing polymer residue by vacuuming.

Abstract: Particulate detergent compositions are prepared by (a) forming an aqueous crutcher slurry having a total solids content of from about 40 to about 80 weight percent on a total weight basis and comprising a surfactant ingredient, al least about 0.1 weight percent (surfactant weight basis) of which is a glycoside surfactant; a builder ingredient; water; and, optionally, a filler ingredient and (b) thereafter drying said aqueous crutcher slurry. In an especially preferred embodiment, the glycoside surfactant is employed as an additive in a relatively small but effective amount (i.e., corresponding to less than about 2 weight percent on a dry solids weight basis) to provide reduced viscosity and/or enhanced homogeneity to the crutcher slurry compositions of interest.

Abstract: Liquid hand-soap or bubble bath compositions are provided which comprise a glycoside surfactant, a nonionic foam booster and water and which have a viscosity of at least about 1,000 centipoise. Such compositions have a pleasing texture or consistency, are mild and fast rinsing and do not necessarily require the use of conventional moisturizing agents or additives. Preferred compositions further comprise an anionic or amphoteric surfactant material and especially preferred compositions contain an amphoteric surfactant and are substantially free of anionic surfactant components.

Abstract: Liquid containing composition, and the transport of pumping thereof are disclosed, which compositions achieve maximum fluid friction reduction properties at low concentration of a drag reducing agent such as less than 0.015% by weight and preferably less than 0.01% by weight. The drag reducing agent is a polymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. Finely divided solids, such as coal, may be suspended therein.

Abstract: The present invention describes the production of high molecular weight polyhydric alcohols and their derivatives. In particular the urethane reaction products of polyisocyantes and polyhydric alcohols are described.

Abstract: Fatty, segmented polyester elastomers are provided which are prepared from a mixture having a molar ratio of aromatic to fatty reactants of less than 4:1 and a molar ratio of short-chain diol to long-chain poly(ether) diol reactants of less than 49:1. These elastomers are useful as hot melt adhesives having excellent properties including resistance to embrittlement at low temperatures.

Abstract: Polyurethane adhesives compositions are provided which exhibit improved water resistance. These polyurethane adhesives are prepared from a mixture comprising a hydroxymethyl fatty polyol and a polyisocyanate.

Abstract: Compositions containing an organic polyisocyanate and a fatty polyol are provided. The fatty polyols may be derived from an epoxidized fatty alcohol that has been reacted with a polyfunctional-hydroxy compound. The compositions are preferably salt-free and are useful in preparing a variety polyurethane materials.

Abstract: Alkoxylated polyester polyols useful in the manufacture of polyurethanes are disclosed. For example, 9(10)-methylhydroxymethyloctadecanoate can be reacted with bishydroxymethyltricyclodecane to prepare a polyester polyol which can be ethoxylated to prepare an alkoxylated polyester polyol. The resulting polyester polyol can be reacted with a diisocyanate, such as a modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, to prepare a urethane elastomer.

Abstract: Synergistic thickener mixture comprising a mixture of a polymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and certain water soluble polymers such as the galactomannan gums, derivatives thereof, cellulose derivatives and polyoxyalkylene oxide polymers. The composition finds utility in earth formation fracturing, textile print pastes, suspending pigments in paints and gelling alcohol-based cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: The present invention describes leather top coat compositions which are not dependent upon nitrocellulose.

Abstract: The lubricant which is incorporated into the polycarbonate resin is a complex ester formed by partial esterification of pentaerythritol with a C.sub.5 to C.sub.9 aliphatic carboxylic acid followed by reaction with a C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid to form a material represented by the structural formula:[RCO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 ].sub.3 CCH.sub.2 O[CO(CH.sub.2).sub.x CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.2 O.sub.2 CR).sub.2 CH.sub.2 O].sub.y --CO(CH.sub.2).sub.x CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 C[CH.sub.2 O.sub.2 CR].sub.3wherein the above formula y has an average value of from 3 through 12; x has a value of 2 to 6 and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 5 to 9 carbon atoms.