Abstract: The invention relates to indicator ink compositions that contain a water-based dispersion of a phenol-formaldehyde resin, at least one colorant and an amine-terminated catalyst. These indicator ink compositions are fixed to a surface, such as by drying, and respond to specific conditions of time, temperature, humidity, pressure and the presence or absence of certain chemicals by changing color. Compositions provide a means for detecting exposure to a predetermined condition and can be fixed or otherwise attached to nearly any article or designed into patterns on materials. Exposure of the indicator ink to the specific condition, the indicator ink provides a permanent detectable record of the event. Further, by varying the amount of amine-terminated catalyst in the formulation, the specific conditions at which the indicator composition will change color can be altered. Such compositions are specifically useful for determining the effectiveness of a sterilization process.

Abstract: The invention comprises a low temperature method for the in situ derivatization and coupling of thermally and hydrolytically labile organic compounds such as spectinomycin to immunogenic carrier substances. The compound coupled to the immunogenic carrier is utilized to produce antibodies selective for the organic compound. Such methods allow for the quantitative analysis of the target organic compound and may be competitive or non-competitive immunoassays in which the dose response is directly or indirectly proportional to the concentration of spectinomycin-related substances. Such assays may be used to detect the presence of or to quantitate the amount of the organic compound in a complex and varied immunological background such as a sample of a biomass material. Detection of organic compound in the sample occurs through binding to a specific antibody.