Abstract: A process for making a dialkyl carbonate which comprises reacting urea with a first alcohol in a carbamate reactor at a temperature and pressure sufficient to convert said urea to an alkyl carbamate; and reacting the alkyl carbamate with a second alcohol in the presence of a dialkyl isocyanato alkoxy tin catalyst or derivatives in a carbonate reactor at a temperature and pressure sufficient to convert the alkyl carbamate to a dialkyl carbonate, wherein the molar ratio of alkyl carbamate to second alcohol is in the range between about 2:1 to about 10:1 and wherein dialkyl carbonate is present within the carbonate reactor in an amount between about 1 to about 3 weight %, based on total alkyl carbamate and second alcohol content, and wherein the second alcohol is either the same as or different from the first alcohol or a mixture of alcohols.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 20, 1993
Date of Patent:
October 15, 1996
Inventors:
Ramzi Y. Saleh, Robert C. Michaelson, Elena N. Suciu, Barbara Kuhlmann
Abstract: A biodegradable two-cycle oil composition which comprises a C.sub.13 oxo alcohol adipate in admixture with a dispersant and a lubricity agent; it is especially useful for outboard marine engines.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 28, 1995
Date of Patent:
October 8, 1996
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
Inventors:
George M. Tiffany, III, Beth A. Morgan, George C. L'Heureux, Lewis H. Gaines, William H. Stover
Abstract: Compositions comprising two or more ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymers differing in their ester proportions improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 21, 1994
Date of Patent:
September 10, 1996
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
Inventors:
Ramah J. Brod, Brian W. Davies, Tuncel Ibrahim
Abstract: A process for making a catalyst product which comprises reacting dialkyltin oxide with an alcohol and the corresponding dialkyl carbonate at a temperature in the range between about 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. and at a pressure in the range between about 75 to 600 psi (0.52 to 4.14 MPa), wherein the catalyst product comprises dialkyltin dialkoxide in the range between about 90 to 100 mole % based on the tin species of the catalyst product. This process also forms effective catalyst product when the methanol is replaced with either a primary or secondary alcohol.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 21, 1994
Date of Patent:
August 13, 1996
Inventors:
George A. Knudsen, Elena N. Suciu, Robert C. Michaelson
Abstract: A fuel mixture containing an ionic complex of an amine salt of a phosphoric acid is effective in reducing the smoke emitted during operation of a two-cycle internal combustion engine. A preferred phosphoric acid derivative is dioctyldithiophosphate. A preferred primary amine component is dihydrogenated tallow amine.
Abstract: The present invention provides functional fluid compositions containing a major portion of oil of lubricating viscosity and a novel and synergistic combination of an acylated nitrogen-containing compound having an oil soluble olefinic substituent averaging in carbon number from 8 to 20 and at least one ashless detergent/dispersant.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 13, 1994
Date of Patent:
May 14, 1996
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
Inventors:
Lewis H. Gaines, William H. Stover, William R. Thompson
Abstract: A novel compound comprises a chemical compound comprising or including a cyclic ring system such as an aromatic ring system, the compound carrying at least two substituents of the general formula (I) below on the ring system--A--NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 (I)where A is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group that is optionally interrupted by one or more hetero atoms and that is straight chain or branched, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each is independently a hydrocarbyl group containing 9 to 40 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more hetero atoms, the substituents being the same or different and the compound optionally being in the form of a salt thereof.Such compounds may be used as additives for improving the cold flow properties of crude oil, lubricating oil or fuel oil.
Abstract: High basicity calcium carboxylates useful as lubricant and fuel additives and in paints are obtained by carbonating a mixture of a C.sub.7 to C.sub.15 carboxylic preferably branched chain oxo-acid and excess calcium at from 15.degree. to 60.degree. C. in the presence of a volatile solvent. Products with a basicity of from 4 to 8 may be obtained.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 12, 1994
Date of Patent:
March 26, 1996
Inventors:
Rainer Benda, Edouard M. Mathieu, Olivier Letailleur
Abstract: Compositions comprising two or more re-esterified ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymers, for example ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 21, 1994
Date of Patent:
February 27, 1996
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Ramah J. Brod, Brian W. Davies, Tuncel Ibrahim
Abstract: Additives for distillate fuel are a copolymer of (1) an alpha olefin having two to seventeen carbon atoms per molecule or an aromatic substituted olefin having eight to forty carbon atoms per molecule and (2) a mono- or di-alkyl fumarate, itaconate, citraconate, mesaconate, trans- or cis-glutaconate, in which the alkyl group has 8 to 23 carbon atoms.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 23, 1995
Date of Patent:
January 30, 1996
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Iain More, Kenneth Lewtas, Jacqueline D. Bland, Sally J. Ayres
Abstract: A material useful as a dispersant additive in oleaginous compositions selected from fuels and lubricating oils comprising the reaction products of:(i) at least one intermediate adduct comprised of the reaction products of(a) at least one polyepoxide, and(b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyamines, polyols, and amino alcohols; and(ii) at least one of (a) hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 monocarboxylic or C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid producing material; (b) an aldehyde and a hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound; or (c) an aldehyde and the reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 monocarboxylic or C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid or anhydride and an amine substituted hydroxy aromatic compound.Also included is a process for preparing said material and an oleaginous composition containing said material.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 4, 1994
Date of Patent:
January 9, 1996
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Jacob Emert, Antonio Gutierrez, Robert D. Lundberg
Abstract: Polymer of number average molecular weight 1,000 to 20,000 containing the repeating units (I) (II) or (III) (II) have been found useful as low temperature flow improvers for distillate fuels particularly in combination with other additives.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fuel additive comprising at least one adduct of (A) a polyolefin of 300 to 10,000 number average molecular weight substituted with at least 0.3 (e.g., from about 1 to 4) mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably acid or anhydride moieties) per polyolefin molecule, (B) an amido-amine or thioamido-amine characterized by being a reaction product of at least a polyamine and an alpha, beta-unsaturated compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is sulfur or oxygen, Y is --OR.sup.4, --SR.sup.4, or --NR.sup.4 (R.sup.5), and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are the same or different and are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl.
Abstract: The present invention comprises a three step process that selectively removes embedded cellulose lint precursors from a cotton fabric with a cellulase solution during a continuous fabric manufacturing process. The cellulase solution, applied continually, travels in a finite, limited path and digests fibrils, forming embedded lint precursors, from the fabric. Undigestable fibrils, located outside the path travelled by the cellulase, remain undamaged by the cellulase. After the fabric's first wash, no appreciable linting is observed on the surface thereof and the fabric retains at least about 90% of its strength. Further, the process produces fabrics which do not exhibit commercially unacceptable yellowing from the action of the cellulase upon the cellulose.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 26, 1994
Date of Patent:
November 14, 1995
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Terry L. Jenkins, Michael L. McAbee, Joe W. Richardson, Jr.
Abstract: An additive comprising an oil-soluble polymer of a C2 to C6 mono-olefin such as polyisobutylene, which polymer has a molecular weight of less than about 500, is used in a fuel oil to reduce, on combustion of the fuel oil, one or more of particulate emissions, hydrocarbon emissions, carbon monoxide emissions, and oxides of nitrogen emissions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 28, 1994
Date of Patent:
October 24, 1995
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Anthony K. Smith, Michael D. Sexton, Richard J. Hart
Abstract: An additive comprising an oil-soluble stable free radical, such as a nitroxide, or a precursor therefor, is used in a fuel oil to reduce, on combustion of the fuel oil, one or more of particulate emissions, hydrocarbon emissions, carbon monoxide emissions, and oxides of nitrogen emissions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 28, 1994
Date of Patent:
October 24, 1995
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Carlo Fava, Wolfgang W. J. Gschwendtner, Anthony K. Smith, Michael D. Sexton, Richard J. Hart
Abstract: Leather products that are well lubricated, impermeable and water-repellent are produced by impregnating tanned leather under alkaline conditions with an aqueous emulsion of an emlsifier carboxylic acids or anhydrides containing at least 16 carbon atoms, in particular polyisobutenyl succinic acid or its anhydride containing at least 30 carbon atoms, or its sulphonic derivative followed by retanning with basic solutions or with the emulsion which is also covered may additionally contain fatty acids.
Abstract: Copolymers of straight chain alpha olefins and maleic anhydride esterified with an alcohol wherein the alpha olefin is of the formula:R.CH=CH.sub.2and the alcohol is of the formula:R.sup.1 OHin which at least one of R and R.sup.1 is greater than 10 and the sum of R and R.sup.1 is from 18 to 38 and R.sup.1 is linear or contains a methyl branch at the 1 or 2 position have been found to be effective additives for improving the low temperature properties of distillate fuels.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 6, 1993
Date of Patent:
August 15, 1995
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Kenneth Lewtas, Robert D. Tack, Jacqueline D. Bland, Albert Rossi
Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oil-soluble fuel and lubricating oil additive comprising at least one terminally unsaturated ethylene alpha-olefin polymer of 300 to 20,000 number average molecular weight substituted with mono- or dicarboxylic acid producing moieties (preferably dicarboxylic acid or anhydride moieties), wherein the terminal unsaturation comprises terminal ethenylidene unsaturation. The mono- and dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted polymers of this invention are useful per se as additives to lubricating oils, and can also be reacted with a nucleophilic reagent, such as amines, alcohols, amino alcohols and reactive metal compounds, to form products which are also useful fuel and lubricating oil additives, e.g., as dispersants.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 29, 1994
Date of Patent:
July 18, 1995
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Won R. Song, Albert Rossi, Howard W. Turner, Howard C. Welborn, Robert D. Lundberg, Antonio Gutierrez, Robert A. Kleist
Abstract: A method for removing cobalt values from the crude product of a cobalt-catalyzed hydroformylation reaction by the application of an airless cobalt demetalling step upstream of the stripping step of a Cobalt Flash hydroformylation catalyst recovery process for C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 olefins, whereby no oxygen is required to oxidize cobalt carbonyls to their cobaltous form. This airless demetalling step may also be used downstream of the stripping step in the case of C.sub.7 to C.sub.20 olefins to remove carbonyls from a water soluble cobaltous salt and carbon carbonyl stream which is taken as bottoms from the stripper reactor.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 8, 1994
Date of Patent:
April 25, 1995
Assignee:
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.
Inventors:
Stephen W. Beadle, William H. Summerlin, Eddy T. A. Van Driessche