Abstract: An articulated arm and cutter attachment for mounting on a tractor has a pair of elongated vertical booms pivotally connected to one another at their top ends. The lower end of one of the booms is pivotally connected to a beam extending laterally from underneath the tractor chassis. The other boom has a telescoping lower end on which is mounted a foot which supports a rotary cutter. An upper portion of the beam connected to the tractor is inclined outwardly, and an upper portion of the other beam is inclined inwardly to allow the arm to reach out a substantial distance and extend over obstacles such as fences. Pivoting mechanisms in the foot allow tilting of the supported cutter over a wide range of angular positions. Hydraulic cylinders are provided for carrying out movement of the arm, along with hydraulic fluid lines and controls. Yieldable mounting of the foot provides for breaking away of the cutter upon striking an obstacle.

Abstract: A square for laying out and marking run and rise lines on supporting stringers for a staircase has a rake bar connected to slots near the ends of blades of the square. Markings showing a range of horizontal run distances are placed on the outer edge of the long blade of the square, and markings showing vertical rise distances are given on the outer edge of the short blade. The rake bar has a contact surface perpendicular to the plane of the square and has one end alignable with a marking corresponding to a selected run distance and the other end alignable with a rise distance marking. Once aligned, the bar is held in position against the blades by a pair of bolts. Placement of the adjusted tool with the rake bar contact surface flush against a side edge surface of a stringer results in outer edges of the blades being put in positions where horizontal and vertical cuts are to be made in the stringer.

Abstract: A portable shower and catch basin assembly for use in performing chemical decontamination procedures has a catch basin made of a highly effective chemical barrier fabric and a support framework of plastic tubing parts that may be erected quickly on site. The framework has vertical posts and horizontal support members provided with mating fittings that snap together. One of the posts has a vertical extension with a cradle that supports a shower pipe. The catch basin fabric is made up of a composite multilayer material resistant to permeation by a wide range of toxic chemicals.

Abstract: A three-layer insulated concrete panel includes as the middle layer an insulating slab having grooves which provide a form for casting of concrete supporting ribs integral with a layer of concrete cast over the grooved face. A layer of material, such as particle board, is bonded to the ungrooved face of the slab. In preparing the panel, the slab is placed on a flat surface with the particle board face down. Forms are then placed in spaced-apart relation to panel edges, and concrete is cast into the forms and grooves and over the grooved panel face. The insulating slab provides a form for casting of supporting ribs and is permanently retained in the panel, giving it a high insulating value. An assembly of such panels in a roof or ceiling structure is disclosed wherein individual panels are placed in final position, and joints between adjacent panel edges are obtained by covering exposed strips along adjacent panel edges with a cap member and applying concrete over the cap member.

Abstract: A piston for a gas-operated linear actuator wherein a double-acting piston moves axially within a cylinder in response to gas pressure applied intermittently to chambers on either side of the piston. The piston has reservoirs in the form of holes in each of its faces and a pair of spaced-apart circumferential grooves, one communicating with the holes in one piston face and the other with the holes in the other piston face, the two sets of grooves and holes being kept out of communcation with one another. Gas under pressure introduced into one chamber forces the piston to move toward the opposite chamber, and a portion of the gas passes into the holes and out through the adjacent groove, providing a stream of gas between piston and cylinder walls, producing a gas-bearing effect.

Abstract: Apparatus that enables easy retrieval of mail from a rural mailbox is disclosed. A horizontally disposed mail-supporting member, which may be the bottom of the box itself or an insertable tray, is arranged to be tilted by pivoting around a transverse axis so that the rear of the member may be placed in an elevated position with respect to the front, thus allowing mail located on the member to slide downward and outward. Mail-catching means in the form of a wall around the periphery of and on the inside of the door holds the mail in position for grasping and keeps it from falling to the ground. A stop means such as a limited-motion hinge is provided to limit downward movement of the door. For the tilting mailbox embodiment, the mailbox is pivotally mounted on a platform so as to allow the entire box to be tilted downward and forward.

Abstract: a keeper plate for use with strap handcuffs is disclosed. The plate in one embodiment for a single handcuff is generally rectangular, with flattened concave edges disposed on its longer sides and strap-receiving channels extending through its shorter sides. The flattened concave edges generally conform to the shape of the palm side of a human wrist and enable a strap handcuff to be tightened securely with minimized danger of cutting off circulation. In another embodiment for a pair of handcuffs, the plate is elongated and has a channel for receiving one strap handcuff disposed spaced apart from a flattened concave edge at each end. This enables securing of limbs without bringing them closely together. Holes may be provided in the plates to enable tying to other straps or other objects.

Abstract: A fragrance sampler for delivering and dispensing perfumes is disclosed. The sampler includes a sheet of synthetic pile fabric or other fabric with similar tactile properties having embedded therein microcapsules containing a fragrance oil. The fabric material, preferably made of a base sheet of polyethylene having segments of polyethylene fiber or strand aligned perpendicular thereto and prepared by means of a flocking process, provides a velvet-like texture that is pleasant to the touch, inviting the user to apply perfume by gently rubbing it on the skin. Microcapsules embedded in the fabric pile are ruptured by such rubbing, releasing a sample of the perfume. The sampler may be sealed by an impermeable film and may be removably connected to advertising material, such as brochures.

Abstract: Forming a solution (preferably a true or complete solution) of mer in any permeant, reacting mer in presence of permeant substantially without rearrangement of the liquid system into separate phases and substantially without encapsulation (defined as any form of entrapment by polymeric solidification, including microencapsulation) and recovering a liquid product useful in formulating slow-release products.

Abstract: An annular grommet for supporting lightweight curtains for sliding on a rod has mating halves with flat surfaces. One half has one or more alignment tines extending from the flat surface between its edges at one end and engagement tines at its inner edge at the other end and near the middle. The other half has slots and a hole located so as to receive the tines when the halves are pressed together. The alignment tine enables the halves to be aligned with an aperture in a curtain and with one another for engaging the halves. The grommet may be readily installed and removed by hand, thus facilitating disassembly for laundering.

Abstract: A vacuum chamber (12) within which an instrument (22) to be calibrated or tested is placed, is fitted with an ion gun (14) having an ion source (48). The source (48) has an electron emitting filament (60) positioned adjacent one end of an ionization chamber (71), with a negatively biased grid (72) located behind the filament (60). Gas is injected into the source (48) by a gas flow regulator (54) in one end (52) of the source (48). The chamber (71) is surrounded by a plurality of independently energizable coils (82, 84, 86, 88, 90), with the last coil (90) being operated at the highest current level, thus producing the highest magnetic flux. This presents a region (160) of magnetic repulsion to the electrons produced by the filament (60) and causes them to be confined between the grid (72) and the region (160), greatly increasing the chances that an ionization collision will occur between the electrons and atoms of injected gas.

Abstract: A crystal growth apparatus (10) having a heated spherical growth container (12) is filled with a crystalline material in solid or liquid form. The crystalline material is heated by resistance heating wire (58) to a predetermined temperature, whereupon the application of heat to the crystalline material is reduced and the accumulated heat is drawn off and dissipated by a seed crystal (76) attached to a rod (70) of heat conductive material, which in turn is attached to a heat dissipating member (72). This results in the formation of a single, defect-free crystal on seed crystal (76), which grows outward in a generally spherical configuration as more heat is removed.

Abstract: A method of observing crystal formation in a transparent specimen (58 of FIG. 5) comprising the steps of melting a portion of the specimen in a heating zone (22 of FIG. 2) freezing the melted portion of the specimen 58 by a cooling zone (20 of FIG. 2) spaced from the heating zone by a gap (42) which is observable by a suitable observing means (30), controlling the temperatures of the heating and cooling zones (22 and 20) to various temperatures to create a variable temperature gradient across the gap (42) so that the freezing isotherm of the specimen (58) always remains in a substantially constant position within the gap (42) where it is observable by the observing means (30), and moving the specimen (58) longitudinally while the temperature gradient is varying.

Abstract: An alignment and assembly tool 10 is disclosed for aligning the ends of two very large cylinders 36 and 38 so that the ends may be welded together, with a cylindrical strengthening section (tee ring) 18 inserted between the cylinders and aligned and welded into the joint. The tool 10 has a U-shaped main body 11 with a horizontal top section 13 and two legs 15, which are attached to the ends of top section 13 and extend outward and downward. Horizontal bottom sections 12 extend outward from the bottoms 14 of legs 15. Tool 10 has one inner jackscrew 20 and one outer jackscrew 22 on each side of its center, extending downward from top section 13. Each of the two bottom sections 12 has an attached side clamp 24 for clamping the alignment tool 10 to two opposing skin stringers 26 of cylinders 36 and 38.

Abstract: A welding monitoring system is constructed having an arc welder (16) mounted in an enclosure (12) containing a pair of periscopically positioned mirrors (56, 60). A welding electrode (64) extends from the welder (16) through an opening (58) in the mirror (56) and through an opening (62) in the enclosure (12). The mirror (56) is inclined to reflect an image of a welding operation to the mirror (60), which in turn is inclined to reflect the image through an opening (72) in the enclosure (12) to a third mirror (98). This mirror (98) is mounted in an adjoining region (100) between support members (84, 86) which are coupled perpendicularly to each other, with one member (86) coupled to the enclosure (12) by a rotatable coupling (92). The coupling (92) allows the enclosure (12) and the welder (16) to be rotated about an axis (71) and locked in a selected position by set screws (88).

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring the state of a crystal (C) which is suspended in a solution is disclosed which includes providing a light source (10) for emitting a beam (12) of light along an optical axis (X). A collimating lens is arranged along the optical axis for collimating the emitted beam to provide a first collimated light beam (16) consisting of parallel light rays. The solution and crystal are contained in a transparent container (18). By passing the first collimated light beam through the container, a number of the parallel light rays are deflected off of the surfaces of said crystal being monitored according to the refractive index gradient to provide a deflected beam (19) of deflected light rays. A focusing lens (22) is arranged along the optical axis for focusing the deflected rays (32, 34, 48, 50) towards a desired focal point (24a). A knife edge (24) is arranged in a predetermined orientation at the focal point; and a screen (26) is provided.

Abstract: A method for boring well-defined holes in a composite material such as graphite/epoxy. A slurry of silicon carbide powder and water is projected onto a work area of the composite material in which a hole is to be bored with a conventional drill bit. The silicon carbide powder and water slurry allow the drill bit, while experiencing only normal wear, to bore smooth, cylindrical holes in the composite material.

Abstract: An electric welding torch (10) with an internal viewing system is provided an annular arc light reflector (34) to reflect light from the arc (30) back onto the workpiece. The reflector (34) has a vertical split or gap (40) in its surrounding wall to permit adjacent wall ends forming the split (40) to be sprung open slightly to permit the reflector to be removed or slipped onto the torch housing or gas cup (24). The upper opening (25) of the reflector (34) is slightly smaller than the torch housing or gas cup (24) and therefore, when placed on the torch housing or gas cup (40) has that springiness to cause it to clamp tightly on the housing or gas cup (24). The split or gap (40) also serves to permit the feed of weld wire therethrough to the weld area.