Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate of agriculturally active chemical which, upon dilution, produces a highly stable emulsion and avoids precipitation of the active ingredient on extended storage. The inventive concentrate is composed of an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, and a solvent composed of first and second components. The first component has a hydrophilic property sufficiently high so as to solubilize the agriculturally active chemical. The second component is a hydrophobic solvent and is composed of at least between about 5 to 90 percent by weight of a compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl having from 5 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to properties and uses of N-hydrocarbon substituted lactams, particularly N-alkyl substituted lactams having the formula ##STR1## wherein R' is a hydrophobic radical such as linear or branched chain alkyl group containing from 8 to 27 carbon atoms, most preferably micelle forming pyrrolidones having 12 to 16 carbon atoms in the R' group. The invention particularly relates to the uses of the N-hydrocarbon substituted lactams which involve surfactant properties, such as solubility, wetting, viscosity building, emulsifying and/or complexing properties.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate of agriculturally active chemical which, upon dilution, produces a highly stable emulsion and avoids precipitation of the active ingredient on extended storage. The inventive concentrate is composed of an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, and a solvent composed of first and second components. The first component has a hydrophilic property sufficiently high so as to solubilize the agriculturally active chemical. The second component is a hydrophobic solvent and is composed of at least between about 5 to 90 percent by weight of a compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl having from 5 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An emulsifier for an inverse emulsion polymerization to be produce a water-soluble polymer composed of a mixture of a non-ionic oil-soluble surfactant and an N-alkyl lactam or polymer of a N-vinyl lactam. The emulsifier is extremely useful in polymerizations wherein a water-in-oil polymeric product is obtained since the product is easily inverted to a stable oil-in-water emulsion. Methods for polymerization processes using the inventive emulsifier as well as emulsions obtained therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate comprising an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, an organic diluent and a solvent having first and second components, the first component being capable of solubilizing the agriculturally active chemical and the second component in conjunction with the surfactant being effective to disperse the agriculturally active chemical. The inventive concentrate allows for high concentrations of the active ingredient, exhibits excellent stability and produces highly stable compositions upon dilution with water.

Abstract: A method for preparing (R)X.sub.m-p A.sub.p by reacting (R)X.sub.m and MA in N-methylpyrrolidone and recovering the by-product MX as a precipitate wherein:X is halide;R contains from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, can be substituted or unsubstituted, and is straight or branched chain alkyl, cycloaliphatic, aralkyl, alkylene, alkenyl, alkenylene, alkynyl or alkynylene with the proviso that X is not attached to a carbon atom having a double bond;A.sup.- is a monovalent anion soft base selected from the group consisting of halide different from X, SCN.sup.-, SH.sup.-, SO.sub.3 H.sup.-, R.sub.2 PO.sub.4.sup.-, PF.sub.6.sup.-, and [SP(Z) (OR.sup.1).sub.2 ].sup.- wherein R.sup.1 is lower alkyl and z i sulfur or oxygen;M is an alkali metal or NH.sub.4.sup.+ ;m is an integer from 1 to 3 with the proviso that m is 1 or 2 when R has one carton; andP is an integer from 1 to m.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrolysis resistant, water-soluble ammonium salt solids which are biologically active and which are described by the formula ##STR1## wherein m has a value of from 1 to 3; n has a value of from 1 to 4 and is equal to the free valences in anion R; p has a value of from 1 to 3; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, and C.sub.1 to C.sub.2 alkyl; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl and alkoxyalkyl radicals having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R is the anion of a biologically active, water-insoluble anion having at least 1 deprotonized hydrogen and is derived from a biologically active, acidic, organic compound selected from the group of a carboxylic, thiocarbonic, sulfonic, sulfinic, thiosulfonic, thioacid, mono- and di- thiophosphate and phosphorous containing acid, having a pKa* value less than 5.

Abstract: A method for forming a water-in-oil emulsion of a water-soluble polymer by emulsion polymerization of the corresponding monomer in the presence of an initiator and an emulsifier which is a polysiloxane polyalkylene polyether copolymer. The polymerization of acidic monomer can be carried out without complete neutralization of the monomer beforehand and without adverse effects on the emulsion stability. The water-in-oil product emulsion is easily inverted to a stable oil-in-water emulsion.

Abstract: N-substituted cyclic lactam esters are made from biologically active organic acids and N-haloalkyl substituted cyclic lactam, preferably N-chloromethyl pyrrolidone. Such esters provide slow release of the organic acids in situ through slow hydrolysis of the ester to release the organic acid and the N-alkyl substituted cyclic lactam. The esters are useable for delivering a large variety of biologically active organic acids in slow release fashion to target organisms and promote effective long term therapeutic treatment. In particular, an ester made from acetyl salicyclic acid and chloromethyl pyrrolidone provides a vehicle for dermal penetration and slow release of aspirin for long term treatment.

Abstract: An emulsifier for an inverse emulsion polymerization to be produce a water-soluble polymer composed of a mixture of a non-ionic oil-soluble surfactant and an N-alkyl lactam or polymer of a N-vinyl lactam. The emulsifier is extremely useful in polymerizations wherein a water-in-oil polymeric product is obtained since the product is easily inverted to a stable oil-in-water emulsion. Methods for polymerization processes using the inventive emulsifier as well as emulsions obtained therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate comprising an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, an organic diluent and a solvent having first and second components, the first component being capable of solubilizing the agriculturally active chemical and the second component in conjunction with the surfactant being effective to disperse the agriculturally active chemical. The inventive concentrate allows for high concentrations of the active ingredient, exhibits excellent stability and produces highly stable compositions upon dilution with water.

Abstract: An adhesive element which exhibits excellent properties with respect to a variety of substrates, such as, skin, glass, fabric, paper, plastic, and other non-porous surfaces which is non-toxic, and non-sensitizing. The element exhibits high cohesive strength so that its integrity is maintained on removal from the substrate leaving no residues and is highly flexible so that total confirmation with the underlying shape of the substrate is maintained. The adhesive composition is the hydrolysis or esterification product of a methylvinyl ether/maleic anhydride co-polymer with an hydroxylated compound. Methods for preparation of the inventive adhesive element are disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-ply radiation dosage indicator, and method of manufacture, is disclosed including a first ply having visible indicia thereon and a second ply having a radiation sensitive zone overlying the indicia of the first ply. The radiation sensitive zone is capable of changing opacity in response to exposure to a radiation dosage exceeding a predetermined threshold so as to change the visibility of the indicia thereby providing an indication as to whether the indicator has become irradiated. An optical filter ply may be provided overlying the indicia, and the indicator also may be provided with a transparent protective outer ply. A pressure sensitive adhesive ply having a removable release sheet is employed for attaching the indicator to a substrate.

Abstract: Water soluble paint remover compositions for the removal of uncured paint are disclosed which avoid the use of toxic organic solvent, in particular, methylene chloride. The inventive compositions comprise an organic carboxylic acid, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and an alkylene glycol ether. Methods for use of the compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: An adhesive composition for roofing such as shingles is disclosed which is composed of a hard asphaltic bitumen fraction having a penetration number at 77.degree. F. of from 0 to 30 dmm and a softening point of from about 150.degree. to 220.degree. F. and an elastomeric composition composed of a thermoplastic elastomer and a plasticizer wherein the overall adhesive composition has a penetration number of from 30 to 100 dmm at 130.degree. F. and a softening point of 140.degree. to 230.degree. F. The inventive composition is self-sealing and exhibits excellent squash resistance, low temperature properties and resistance to blowoff. The composition can be used with shingles as well as other types of roofing coverings.

Abstract: A bituminous roofing membrane, and method of manufacture, is disclosed having a reinforcing mat sandwiched between top and bottom layers of a tacky polymer modified bitumen. The leading edge portion of the top layer is provided with a layer of roofing granules. A track of adhesive is provided on the roofing granules. The trailing edge portion of the top layer is provided with a layer of non-slip plastic film. A release sheet is applied to the bottom layer of the membrane to prevent engagement of the top and bottom layers with one another when the membrane is rolled for storage or shipment. In use, upon removal of the release sheet, the membrane is secured to the roof with the leading edge portion constituting a starter strip for receiving thereon the first row of roofing shingles, and the trailing edge portion constituting an underlayment for receiving thereon successive rows of roofing shingles.

Abstract: An adhesive composition for roofing such as shingles is disclosed which is composed of a hard asphaltic bitumen fraction having a penetration number at 77.degree. F. of from 0 to 30 dmm and a softening point of from about 150.degree. to 220.degree. F. and an elastomeric composition composed of a thermoplastic elastomer and a plasticizer wherein the overall adhesive composition has a penetration number of from 30 to 100 dmm at 130.degree. F. and a softening point of 140.degree. to 230.degree. F. The inventive composition is self-sealing and exhibits excellent squash resistance, low temperature properties and resistance to blowoff. The composition can be used with shingles as well as other types of roofing coverings.

Abstract: A bag-like dispenser is proposed which contains a sex pheromone compound of insects and is used for sustainedly releasing the pheromone compound at a uniform emission rate over a long period of time so as to exhibit effectiveness for the population control of pests by distributing a number of the dispensers over fields. The bag-like dispenser body is formed of a specific polymeric laminate film having a thickness of 20-200 .mu.m and composed of at least two layers or, preferably, of three layers, in which one of the layers is a film of a polymer or copolymer of vinylidene chloride having a thickness of 4-20 .mu.m as the intermediate layer of the three-layered laminate and the other layer or each of the other layers is a film of a specific polymer having a specified thickness, such as a film of a polyolefin, copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, poly(vinyl chloride), copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and the like.

Abstract: A dry-type quantitative glucose-analyzing element comprising a water-impermeable light-transmissive support having thereon a group of water-permeable layers comprising a reagent layer, an enzyme-containing layer, and a porous spreading layer which are laminated on said support in this order, and a hydrogen peroxide-detecting coloring composition comprising a hydrogen donor and a coupler; whereinsaid reagent layer contains at least said coupler;said enzyme-containing layer contains a glucose oxidase, a peroxidase and a mordant which immobilizes a dye formed by said coloring composition; andsaid hydrogen donor is contained in at least one water-permeable layer of said group. Using the element, quantitative determination of glucose of high concentration is possible with high accuracy.

Abstract: A device for measuring the activity of carbonate ions and hydrogen ions comprises a carbonate ion selective electrode pair and a hydrogen ion selective electrode pair. Each ion selective electrode comprises a metal layer, metal halide layer and ion selective layer superposed in this order. A porous bridge is disposed so as to achieve a liquid junction between the ion selective electrodes of each electrode pair.