Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds and a novel process for their preparation are disclosed. These compounds may be converted into the acid or salt forms of cis and trans aconitic acids as well as into a racemic mixture of isocitric acid, alloisocitric acid and the lactones of isocitric acid and alloisocitric acid and their salts. All of the acid and salt forms produced are useful as metal sequestrants and/or detergent builders. The novel polyfunctional compounds can also be saponified to their corresponding alkali metal salts which, in turn, are also metal ion sequestering agents and detergent builders. The polyfunctional compounds are the reaction products obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds.

Abstract: A pourable liquid detergent composition, particularly one containing hypochlorite, comprises an aqueous detergent solution having a yield stress value at 20.degree. C. of from 1 to 21 dynes/cm.sup.2, and dispersed solid particles of a sparingly water-soluble alkaline buffer, particularly calcium or magnesium hydroxide, providing a pH within the range of from 10 to 13.

Abstract: There is disclosed in this specification an improved composition for reducing dental plaque and calculus formation, comprising zinc ions and an organoleptically acceptable enzyme, which may be a protease, carbohydrase, or lipase, or mixtures of these enzymes.

Abstract: A pourable liquid detergent composition, particularly one containing hypochlorite, comprises an aqueous detergent solution having a yield stress value at 20.degree. C. of from 1 to 21 dynes/cm.sup.2, and dispersed solid particles of a sparingly water-soluble alkaline buffer, particularly calcium or magnesium hydroxide, providing a pH within the range of from 10 to 13.

Abstract: A stable aqueous built liquid detergent composition is prepared comprising a potassium alkylbenzenesulphonate, a potassium fatty acid soap, a nonionic detergent material, a neutralized maleic anhydride copolymer, partially esterified with a nonionic detergent active, and sodium tripolyphosphate, wherein part of the sodium tripolyphosphate is replaced by tetrapotassium pyrophosphate.

Abstract: There is disclosed in this specification an improved composition for reducing dental plaque and calculus formation, comprising zinc ions and an organoleptically acceptable enzyme, which may be a protease, carbohydrase, or lipase, or mixtures of these enzymes.

Abstract: A method and a composition for retarding calculus are disclosed. The composition includes aluminum compounds, which when titrated with NaF have an F/Al ratio of about 1.2 or greater, in combination with an orally acceptable vehicle. The vehicle is compatible with the aluminum compound used and with the pH desired. The method generally includes applying the aluminum compound at a pH of less than about 4.5 to the site of the calculus.

Abstract: A method and a composition for retarding plaque are disclosed. The composition includes a synergistic mixture of tetradecylamine in combination with copper, iron, nickel and/or cobalt, each of which may be used singly or in admixture in combination with the amine. The method generally includes applying a mixture of the tetradecylamine in combination with one or more of the above metals to the site of the plaque.

Abstract: A method and a composition for retarding plaque are disclosed. The composition includes a synergistic mixture of tetradecylamine in combination with aluminum and/or zinc, each of which may be used singly or in admixture in combination with the amine. The method generally includes applying a mixture of the tetradecylamine in combination with one or more of the above metals to the site of the plaque.

Abstract: Novel polyfunctional compounds which may be hydrolyzed to the corresponding salts, which in turn are metal sequestering agents, are disclosed, as well as a novel method for their preparation. The compounds are the reaction product obtained from the reaction of selected salts of monoalkyl esters of maleic acid with selected active hydrogen containing compounds. These products are prepared by a reaction of the starting materials in preferably a substantially anhydrous medium at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: A method and compositions for retarding plaque and calculus by use of a zinc compound which is substantially less astringent than other zinc compounds typically utilized are disclosed. Zinc salts of carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid are effective anticalculus and antiplaque agents and have been shown to be substantially less astringent than other typically used zinc compounds.

Abstract: A dye composition is disclosed together with methods for its use and detergent compositions employing the combination. The dye composition is a mixture of anthraquinone dyes suitable for use with liquid laundry detergents. The composition substantially reduces the undesirable fabric staining characteristic of a detergent in which the dye is employed, while still retaining the ability to blue the fabric. Further, the color value of the detergent product is maintained at a desirable level. The composition is a combination of an oil soluble dye such as 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexylamino)-anthraquinone (C.I. Solvent Blue 58) with a water soluble dye such as 1-amino-2-sulfo, 4-(2-sulfo-para toluidino) anthraquinone sodium salt (C.I. Acid Blue 145) and/or 1,4-bis(3-sodium sulfonate mesitylidino) anthraquinone (C.I. Acid Blue 80).

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of spray-dried powders of low bulk density. Fabric washing powders containing nonionic surfactants as the major or sole detergent-active species have unacceptably high natural bulk densities (about 0.6 g/l). It has been found that the incorporation of certain alkenyl succinate salts into the crutcher slurry can reduce the bulk density of the resultant spray-dried powder. There is also a need for absorbents of low bulk density for manufacturing nonionic-surfactant based powders by dry-mixing routes and it has been found that suitable absorbents can be prepared by adding alkenyl succinate to a slurry of the chosen ingredients and spray-drying.

Abstract: A laminate comprising an inner and an outer water vapor barrier layer and an intermediate flavor and oxygen barrier layer of a thermoplastic material with a high nitrile content provides for a packaging material for perfumed and flavored compositions, e.g. a dentifrice-tube.

Abstract: A new class of compounds having fabric softening properties is formed by hydroxamic betaines having the general formula R.sup.1 (R.sup.2)(R.sup.3)N.sup.+ -- R.sup.4 -- CO -- NH--O.sup.- in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 are hydrocarbon groups having i-25 carbon atoms with the proviso that the betaine contains not more than 45 carbon atoms, at least one carbon chain of at least 12 carbon atoms and the carbon chain of R.sup.4 between the quaternary N-atom and the CO-- group is no longer than 4 carbon atoms. The compounds, which can be used in a fabric softening rinse composition as well as in a detergent composition, remain in dispersion during the washing process, but deposit onto the fabric when the pH decreases during subsequent rinsing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved mechanically mixed, non-spray dried, built laundry detergent composition comprising the calcium salt of a non-soap, organic, anionic surface active agent, an ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactant, and an alkali metal salt of a phosphate sequesterant builder compound.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition for the treatment of human skin comprises monoacetyl urea dispersed or dissolved in a vehicle other than water. The composition may form a liquid or a solid.

Abstract: An aerosol composition comprising a liquid mixture of hydrocarbon propellant, an alcoholic solvent and, to reduce flammability, water and methylene chloride and/or 1,1,1-trichloroethane, wherein the liquid mixture forms a single phase consisting essentially of 5-30% by weight of the hydrocarbon propellant, 5-30% by weight of water, 10-40% by weight of methylene chloride and/or 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and 37-80% by weight of ethanol, n-propanol or iso-propanol. The composition does not require to be shaken before use.

Abstract: Dentifrice composition for combatting dental caries containing sodium trimetaphosphate as an anti-caries agent and a compatible abrasive agent comprising a silica xerogel.

Abstract: A single liquid phase detergent composition, such as a foam bath product, contains a cosmetically acceptable oil as a skin benefit agent and a mixture of anhydrous anionic detergents. In use, when diluted in water, the composition is capable of producing and maintaining a substantial head of foam and is capable of depositing on the skin after immersion a noticeable amount of the oil.