Abstract: A single transistor electrically programmable and erasable memory cell has a substrate of a semiconductor material of a first-conductivity type. Within the substrate are defined source and drain, regions with a channel region therebetween. A first insulating layer is disposed over the substrate and over the source, channel and drain regions. An electrically conductive, re-crystallized floating gate is disposed over the first-insulating layer and extends over a portion of the channel region and over a portion of the drain region to maximize capacitive coupling therewith. A second insulating layer has a top wall portion over the floating gate and a side wall portion immediately adjacent to the floating gate and has a thickness which permits the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling of charges therethrough. An electrically conductive control gate has two electrically connected sections: A first section is over the first insulating layer and is immediately adjacent to the side-wall portion of the second insulating layer.

Abstract: A maximum swing bipolar charge pump retains a cascode switching configuration for high breakdown. The charge pump includes a charge pump capacitor with a first plate connected to supply in the conventional manner. A first cascode-connected NPN transistor is utilized to switch the second plate of the pump capacitor to the supply. A second cascode-connected NPN transistor is utilized to switch the second plate of the pump capacitor close to ground. An additional bipolar biasing network holds the second NPN transistor out of heavy saturation when the second plate of the pump capacitor is switched close to ground, thereby preserving fast turn-off time and maximum voltage swing with the constraint of a bipolar cascode configuration.

Abstract: A laminated article of two or more leaves with an improved hinge and method for manufacturing laminated articles. This improved hinge pivots easily and does not act to change the position of the leaves it connects. The hinge means opens from 0.degree. to 360.degree. and yet allows rigid, substantial leaves.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing continuous bags, each bag having an opening on one side from a length of continuous tubing is disclosed. The bags are produced along a direction of production and each bag produced has a sealed end and line of perforation opposite to the sealed end. Each bag is positioned with its sealed end immediately adjacent to the line of perforation of an adjacent bag. The bags are produced by advancing a length of continuous tubing along the direction of production and sealing the tubing at a first location by a sealing means to form a sealed end of a first bag and substantially simultaneously perforating the tubing at a second location immediately adjacent to the sealed end of the first bag by a perforating means to form a line of perforation of a second bag. The second bag is immediately adjacent to the first bag.

Abstract: The tri-state dual-in-line package (DIP) switch includes a base with a plurality of transverse grooves, a plurality of conducting pins attached to the transverse grooves; a plurality of slide members, each having a top protrusion and one conducting element attached to the rear surface; and a cover having a plurality of openings for the top protrusions of the slide members. The base is tightly sealed to the cover by means of high frequency welding, wherein energy directors provided for in at least one of the base or said cover are melted by allowing high frequency current to pass through the cover to the base. The width of the base is wider than that of prior art and the conducting pins are folded twice to maintain a standard distance.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a black matrix-type phosphor screen of a cathode ray tube is disclosed, which includes a carbon coating nozzle for coating a carbon slurry on a cathode ray tube panel, a tank for containing the carbon slurry, a supplying system for supplying the carbon slurry from the carbon slurry tank into the carbon coating nozzle and a collecting system for collecting excess carbon slurry produced from the carbon coating nozzle back into the carbon slurry tank, and a carbon slurry regenerating device using an ion-exchange resin is provided. The regenerating device can be placed in at least one of the supplying system, the collecting system and the carbon slurry tank.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the quality of a multimode laser beam (10). In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a lens (32) for creating a transformed or imaged waist from the input beam. The location of the transformed beam waist and its diameter are then determined. These steps can be carried out by chopping the beam using a rotating hub (14) having apertures (36,38) for selectively passing the beam. Preferably, one of the apertures has a pair of 45.degree. knife edges (40,42). The transmission of the beam past the knife edge is monitored by a detector (30). In operation, the lens focal position is varied while the transmission of the beam past the knife edge is monitored in order to locate and measure the diameter of the transformed waist. The diameter of the beam at one other known location is measured. A processor then calculates beam quality by fitting these measurements to a mathematical model.

Abstract: A variable transmission includes an input shaft with an input sun gear mounted thereon and a differential gear carrier rotatably mounted thereon to enable independent rotation about input shaft. A transmission shaft is coaxially mounted on input shaft. A differential gear carrier is rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft. A plurality of pins interlink carriers to enable simultaneous rotation. A first differential gear is rotatably mounted on each pin, and each gear is meshed with an input sun gear. A control ring gear is rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft with the controlling gear meshed with each differential gear. A plurality of rods rotatably secures each carrier to enable rotation about its axis and to enable simultaneous rotation of the carriers. An output shaft terminating in an output ring gear is rotatably mounted relative to the input shaft. A second differential gear is rotatably mounted on each rod and is meshed with the gear differential and output ring gear.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated circuit fabrication method that utilizes a conductive spacer to define the gate length of the series select transistor in a split-gate memory cell. Since the length of the spacer can be controlled with great precision using existing integrated circuit process technologies, misalignment problems associated with the prior art split-gate cells are eliminated.

Abstract: A medical treatment laser is disclosed that minimizes absorption of laser energy along the beam path by using a lasing medium having a principal emission at a wavelength shifted from the absorption wavelength. In the preferred embodiment, a CO.sub.2 laser filled with the .sup.13 C.sup.16 O.sub.2 isotope is used. The .sup.13 C.sup.16 O.sub.2 isotope generates a laser beam having a principal emission wavelength near 11.2 microns. The absorption of this wavelength in the conventional CO.sub.2 purge and insufflation gases is quite small compared to the absorption of the 10.59 micron wavelength emitted by the standard CO.sub.2 isotope. The difference in absorption allows the power generated by the laser to be maximally transmitted to the medical treatment site. In addition, the 11.2 micron line has a greater coefficient of absorption in human tissue, thereby enhancing surgery.

Abstract: A still or moving image electronic stereoscopic video camera for image capture and playback, with image sensors having variable effective position to avoid inherent geometric distortions which would otherwise cause undesirable vertical parallax. Horizontal shifting of the effective image sensor position is used to correctly converge the image without the introduction of distortion, and optionally also to control recentration of zoom optics, and to achieve interdigitated lenticular stereoscopic displays. In some embodiments, simple mechanical elements are provided for physically moving the imaging sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high frequency CMOS voltage controlled oscillator circuit with gain constant and duty cycle compensation. The voltage controlled oscillator circuit includes a multi-stage ring oscillator that includes a plurality of series-connected inverter stages comprising N-channel and P-channel transistors. The ring oscillator responds to a control current signal for controlling the frequency of oscillation of the ring oscillator. A voltage-to-current converter converts a tuning voltage input signal to a corresponding output current signal that is independent of the channel strength of the N-channel and P-channel transistors. Process compensation circuitry responds to the tuning voltage input signal to provide a current dump output signal corresponding to the channel strength of the P-channel and N-channel transistors. Trip-point compensation circuit provides a net ring current signal as the current control signal to the ring oscillator.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a mechanical translator for use in replacing one semiconductor chip with another. A translator allows a first semiconductor chip to be replaced with second semiconductor chip. The translator includes a module having a first surface with a plurality of pins in a first pattern that is compatible with the contact pins of the first semiconductor chip and having a plurality of electrically conductive pads in a second pattern that is compatible with the contact pins of the second semiconductor. The module includes translating semiconductor logic for translating the electrical signals designed to be supplied to and received from the first second semiconductor chip to be compatible with the electronic signals supplied to and received from the second semiconductor chip. The electrical pads are appropriately connected to the translating logic. Also included is an adapter having pattern of pins and sockets compatible with the pattern of pins and sockets of the replacing semiconductor chip.

Abstract: An accumulating altimeter includes a programmable accumulator which selectively accumulates altitude changes from a reference altitude in accordance with accumulation thresholds. Altitude changes in the direction of interest, e.g. altitude gains, are accumulated once a non-opposing accumulation threshold has been reached. Opposing altitude changes which are less than an opposing accumulation threshold are used to offset non-opposing changes. Opposing altitude changes which are equal to or greater than the opposing accumulation threshold are used to re-establish the reference altitude, whereafter accumulation of non-opposing altitude changes resume after the non-opposing accumulation threshold has been reached.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for use in a digital communication session is disclosed. The apparatus communicates with a like apparatus at a remote location through a digital communication network over a plurality of channels. The apparatus can change dynamically the bandwidth of the communication session by changing the number of channels utilized during the communication session. In addition, the apparatus provides a novel phase correction circuitry for reordering the digital data received from the plurality of channels to reconstitute the single transmitting digital data stream.

Abstract: A self-organizing neural network having input and output neurons mutually coupled via bottom-up and top-down adaptive weight matrics performs pattern recognition while using substantially fewer neurons and being substantially immune from pattern distortion or rotation. The network is first trained in accordance with the adaptive resonance theory by inputting reference pattern data into the input neurons for clustering within the output neurons. The input neurons then receive subject pattern data which are transferred via a bottom-up adaptive weight matrix to a set of output neurons. Vigilance testing is performed and multiple computed vigilance parameters are generated.

Abstract: A clock distribution device (CDD) (100) is used in a concentrator (200,300) to distribute multiple bits of serial data (208) in parallel across back plane boards (Board A, B, N. NN) as a byte-wide data signal (214). Each back plane board (Board A, B, N, NN) has a CDD (100). One back plane board (Board A) has a master oscillator (120) which generates a local low frequency reference clock signal (212). The reference clock signal (212) is distributed to all of the back plane boards (Board A, B, N, NN) where each board's CDD (100) uses the reference clock signal (212) to generate a high frequency clock signal (TXCLK) and a plurality of local phase separated clock signals (LBC1-LBC5).

Abstract: An inexpensive wallpaper, which may be plastic and self adhesive. Using the positive features and advantages of thin-layer holograms and other existing technology, the claimed invention produces a changing, moving or stable 3-D effect in the presence of a low-powered laser illuminating system. In usual (incoherent) light, the claimed wallpaper reflects light as does a standard wallpaper. On the claimed wallpaper, images of any kind can be additionally printed without damaging the coherent 3-D reconstruction. The claimed wallpaper produces 3-D images, whose qualities are not affected by mechanical damage of any kind, including scratching or scraping, and it can also be produced in a washable embodiment. The suggested object incorporates recognized computer techniques, by which an image of any level of complexity can be included. The wallpaper can be printed on plastic or other media by sequentially applying a pre-prepared small-area matrix.

Abstract: A security map display and alarm monitor is disclosed that is configured by inserting a site map and drawing lines from security devices or zones shown on the map to indicator clusters located around the border of the map. The indicator clusters indicate the status of the security devices and allow the operator to respond to alarms and change the status of the security devices.

Abstract: A short-wave-pass optical filter, that includes a partially absorbing or transparent substrate coated by a set of layers having specified quarter-wave optical thickness, and is designed to reflect visible radiation of a selected color while transmitting visible radiation and maintaining a neutral color balance. The coating includes layers having a high refractive index alternating with layers having a low refractive index. The refractive indices and layer thicknesses are selected so that the filter's reflectance spectrum exhibits a ripple over a first segment of the visible spectrum but no significant ripple over a second segment of the visible. The filters may be used as sunglass lenses that have a selected color (such as blue, orange, or violet) when viewed by one other than the sunglass wearer, while permitting the wearer to perceive transmitted light with a correct color balance.