Abstract: A process is disclosed for the isolation of a compound such as a drug or drug metabolite fACKNOWLEDGMENTThe work leading to this invention was sponsored by the Food and Drug Administration (Contract No. FD-V-00235 and 5V01-FD-01319), and accordingly the U.S. Government may have rights thereunder.

Abstract: A non-toxic composition, and method, for the clarification of raw sugar-containing juices, especially sugar cane juice, and related products, for analysis. A composition constituted of A) aluminum chloride hydroxide, B) lime and C) activated bentonite, bentonite containing calcium aluminum silicate, and preferably also a polymeric flocculating agent, has been found highly effective as a reagent for the clarification of sugar-containing juices, notably sugar cane juice, and related products.

Abstract: A microbubble generator is disclosed for optimizing the rate and amount of oxygen transfer to microbial inocula or biocatalysts in bioreactor systems. The microbubble generator, and an associated immobilized cell reactor, are useful in the detoxification and cleanup of non-volatile polymeric and volatile organic-contaminated aqueous streams. In particular, they are useful in the continuous mineralization and biodegradation of toxic organic compounds, including volatile organic compounds, associated with industrial and municipal effluents, emissions, and ground water and other aqueous discharges. One embodiment of the invention includes a microbubble chamber packed with small inert particles through which a liquid effluent and oxygen or another gas are admitted under pressure, followed by a venturi chamber to further reduce the size of bubbles.

Abstract: A liquid atomizing spray nozzle for admixing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel with oxygen (air) and burning the mixture to supply heat. The burner body portion of the device is constituted of a pair of concentric tubes, each provided with an inlet and annular outlet for the fuel and oxygen, respectively. A deflector of conic shape is axially mounted within the inside tube, the sloped side of which is faced inwardly toward the annular outlets and in a straight line therewith so that both of the concentric tubular columns forming the streams emitted from the annular outlets of the concentric tubes impact on the sloped surface near the apex of the cone to admix one stream with the other, and are forced outwardly to form a combustible mixture which, on ignition, burns ex situ of the burner body. The deflector is extended outwardly from the burner body at a critical distance ranging from about 0.5 to about 5 times the diameter of the annular outlet through which the oxygen is ejected.

Abstract: Test apparatus, and method for accurately and quickly measuring formation pressure, and permeability in oil and gas producing formations; especially low or high permeability formations. The test apparatus can be transported on a drill string, or cable. Preferably, it is employed as a component of a wireline test apparatus. The test apparatus includes, as part and parcel of the combination, an extended drawdown subassembly, or formation pressure test unit, directly associated with the tool flowline. By applying a very slow rate of pressure decrease in the tool flowline, the formation pressure and permeability can be quickly determined, generally during the first minute of testing. In high permeability and soft formations, the formation pressure is determined even if the seal is lost during the flowing period. In low permeability formations, corrections can be made for the supercharging effect using the data collected.

Abstract: A process for the production of dextran polymers of controlled average number molecular weight sizes, and molecular weight size distributions via the mixed culture fermentation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides and a constitutive mutant microorganism capable of elaborating the enzyme dextranase, particularly Lipomyces starkeyi ATCC 74054, in the presence of sucrose. The Leuconostoc mesenteroides produces the dextran polymer, and the mutant Lipomyces starkeyi ATCC 74054 concurrently produces dextranase, an enzyme whose activity reduces the size of the dextran polymers and permits their growth or reduction in molecular weight size in direct relation to the temperature and time period regimen imposed as conditions for the reactions.

Abstract: A catalytic cracking catalyst for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock at elevated temperature in the substantial absence of hydrogen, into lower average molecular weight, lower boiling hydrocarbons useful as transportation fuels. The catalyst is a composite of a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite in concentration ranging as high as about 80 percent, based on the total weight of the catalyst, within a mesoporous silica-alumina matrix. The matrix, preferably, is constituted of silica sols modified by alumina and clay and it is characterized as of polymodal pore size distribution, as measured by mercury porosimetry, a first mode wherein at least 75 percent, preferably about 80 percent to 90 percent, of the pore volume measured between 45 Angstroms and 2000 Angstroms is in pores greater than 160 Angstroms in diameter, and a second mode wherein up to about 20 percent of the pore diameters are greater than 100 Angstroms but less than 160 Angstroms in diameter.

Abstract: A gel composition for cleaning and sanitizing the teats and udder of an agricultural animal for machine milking. Residual surface water, a source of milk contamination and mastitis, is eliminated from the teats and udder by use of the gel composition. The composition is constituted of water, a germicide added to the water in concentration sufficient to kill environmental bacteria which cause mastitis, and an aqueous gelling agent added to the water in concentration sufficient to form a palpable jelly-like mass, or gel. The composition preferably also includes a soap, detergent or other agent for the reduction of surface tension, and a skin softener and moisturizer. It preferably also contains a coloring agent. In application, the composition is applied to the teats and udder to soften and emulsify the particulate foreign matter, and kill the bacteria which cause environmental mastitis, without the separation therefrom of a separate liquid phase.

Abstract: A continuous flow, immobilized cell reactor, and bioprocess, for the detoxification and degradation of volatile toxic organic compounds. The reactor is closed, and provided with biocatalysts constituted of specific adapted microbial strains immobilized and attached to an inert porous packing, or carrier. A contaminated groundwater, industrial or municipal waste, which is to be treated is diluted sufficiently to achieve biologically acceptable toxicant concentrations, nutrients are added, and the pH and temperature are adjusted. The contaminated liquid is introduced as an influent to the closed reactor which is partitioned into two sections, or compartments. Air is sparged into the influent to the first compartment to mix with and oxygenate the influent with minimal stripping out of the toxic organic compounds. The second section, or compartment, is packed with the biocatalyst.

Abstract: Novel homogeneous bimetallic hydroformylation catalysts, and processes utilizing these catalysts to convert alkenes, particularly alpha olefins, under mild conditions to a product rich in aldehydes, particularly a product containing a high ratio of linear:branched chain aldehydes. The catalysts can be produced from a binucleating tetratertiaryphosphine ligand capable of strongly coordinating two metal centers and holding them in general proximity to one another. Bimetallic catalyst precursors are produced which, on reaction with carbon monoxide and hydrogen forms the active bimetallic hydroformylation catalyst system.

Abstract: An incineration process which can utilize any type of incineration means for disposing of hazardous, as well as non-hazardous, burnable waste. Such waste include toxic combustible liquids, oil slurries, soils contaminated with dioxin, PCBs, creosote, or any other potentially toxic combustible material. In particular, the present invention relates to an incineration process which has no continuous stack discharge or pollution. In this process, a portion of the flue gas stream is enriched with oxygen and recycled to the incineration means. The remaining portion of the flue gas stream is scrubbed to remove acid gases and passed through a purification zone wherein any remaining contaminates are removed.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing solids and semi-solids specimens for the extraction therefrom of non-solids or fluid components for analysis. As a sub-assembly, the solids preparation and extraction device can be employed in combination with other sub-assemblies of an automated fluid injector which includes, or further includes, (B) a syringe, (C) an injector feed for introducing a fluid specimen into the syringe, and (D) a feed tray, magazine or carrousel for transporting fluid-specimen containing bottles, or vials for pick up of fluid therefrom by the injector feed assembly for delivery to the syringe. The apparatus embodiment also includes compartmented bottles, or vials, transportable via said feed tray to the solids preparation and extraction sub-assembly, within which a weighed amount of a solids or semi-solids specimen can be placed, crushed and the non-solids components thereof extracted, and removed; and also the process for extracting said non-solids component.

Abstract: Polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene block copolymers, hot-melt adhesive compositions constituted of polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene block copolymers, and articles of manufacture produced therefrom. These copolymers possess blocks of high average molecular weight polystyrene (12,000 to 20,000) and low overall average molecular weight (60,000 to 110,000) such that when blended in requisite proportions with a compatible tackifier resin, preferably also a secondary tackifying resin or plasticizing oil, and stabilizer, superior hot-melt adhesive compositions can be formed. The hot-melt adhesive compositions possess, inter alia, superior heat resistance, superior static time to failure with low viscosity, good peel adhesion, good tack, and high ability to bond to a polyethylene or polypropylene substrate at temperatures below that which may damage the substrate.

Abstract: Apparatus, and method, for flossing the teeth, and simultaneously applying an antibacterial liquid solution to the teeth being flossed. The apparatus is constituted generally of a flexible hollow fiber with porous walls of diameter sufficiently small for fitting between and flossing the teeth, and a positive displacement device for supplying an antibacterial liquid to the interior volume, or bore, of the flexible hollow fiber for transport through the porous walls to the teeth. Flossing with the flexible hollow fiber, to which the antibacterial liquid solution is applied during flossing, bathes the teeth with the liquid solution during the flossing and provides a significant reduction in plaque accumulation.

Abstract: A non-toxic composition, and method, for the clarification of raw sugar-containing juices, especially sugar cane juice, and related products, for analysis. A composition constituted of A) aluminum chloride hydroxide, B) lime and C) activated bentonite, bentonite containing calcium aluminum silicate, and preferably also a polymeric flocculating agent, has been found highly effective as a reagent for the clarification of sugar-containing juices, notably sugar cane juice, and related products.

Abstract: A wireline tool, and process for its use, for lowering into wellbores for testing the gas pressure, and connate fluid flow rates, in low permeability oil or gas producing subsurface formations. The tool features a jet charge perforator for detonation to perforate through the wall and positively establish fluidic communication with the non damaged portion of the subsurface formation to be tested. It also includes, in the combination, a mechanism for affixing and stabilizing the tool in the wellbore at the wall of the subsurface formation to be tested, inclusive of a packer assembly for isolating from wellbore fluids the opening between the subsurface formation, created by the jet perforator, and tool test components. On blasting into the wall of the subsurface formation, the pressure in the flowline is maintained at formation pressure, avoiding formation damage.

Abstract: Apparatus for the production of high strength fiber reinforced plastic structures via an improved vacuum assisted technique. A fluid impervious outer sheet is marginally sealed upon a mold to provide an enclosure, or chamber, in which a fiber lay up can be placed. The fluid impervious outer sheet is provided with a vacuum outlet, and the mold is provided with a resin inlet. Primary distribution media are provided one located on one side of the fiber lay up and the other on the opposite side of the fiber lay up. Each is of character which facilitates on application of a vacuum the ready, continuous flow of resin via the resin inlet into the chamber to the marginal edges of said resin distribution medium and flow through of the resin through the fiber lay up.

Abstract: Apparatus for the formation of laminar, fiber-reinforced resin composite tubes of elbow shape. The apparatus, a filament winding machine, is employed by winding a continuous strand, or plurality of strands, of a resin-wetted yarn, roving, or filament about an elbow-shaped mold. The apparatus combination is constituted of a hollow shaft of curvilinear shape on which an elbow-shaped mold can be telescopically mounted. The two terminal ends of the hollow shaft can be journalled in place and the hollow shaft rotated thereabout. The combination also includes a sprocket-supported chain and connecting cable, the cable portion of which passes through the interior of the hollow shaft. The two terminal ends of the cable can be connected to the mold when the latter is mounted thereon so that reciprocal movement of the chain and cable can oscillate the mold upon the hollow curvilinear shaft as the shaft is rotated.

Abstract: A process for the separation and recovery from an ore of a metal, or metals, particularly strategic and precious metals, notably gold. A carbon-containing, gold-bearing ore, notably a carbonaceous or carbonaceous pyritic ore, is contacted and microbially pretreated and leached with a heterotrophic microorganism, or admixture of microoganisms, at heterotrophic conditions to cultivate and grow and said microorganism, or microorganisms, and reduce the carbon content of the ore by consumption of the carbon.

Abstract: A boat fender provided with a reel about which the line, or rope, from which the boat fender is normally suspended when in use, is wound for containment and storage when such line, or rope, is not in use. The storage reel provides a means for the quick, facile storage of the line used to suspend the fender, and for release of the line as required.