Abstract: Binoculars which can adjust the optical axes of optical systems by moving at least one lens groups of objective lens groups and eye piece groups in a plane approximately perpendicular to the optical axes of the lens groups and further independently adjust the optical axes of the optical systems in a linear direction and in the direction approximately perpendicular to the linear direction by moving, one lens groups of the objective lens groups and the eye piece groups on the plane approximately perpendicular to the optical axes of the lens groups approximately in the linear direction and moving the other lens groups of the objective lens groups and the eye piece groups on the plane approximately perpendicular to the optical axes of the lens groups approximately in the linear direction, whereby the optical axis between a pair of the right and left optical systems of the binoculars can be easily adjusted.

Abstract: A power module with leads extending upwardly. The circuit components and connections of the power module are arranged upon a substrate having interface leads attached thereto extending away from the undersurface of the substrate. The interface leads extend through openings in a form fitting molded case. The case has an open center region to facilitate performance of final assembly steps upon the module and is subsequently covered with a rugged lid and is encapsulated with a suitable potting material. The interior of the module is filled with a gel to provide moisture-proof protection.

Abstract: In an exposure precision tester for a camera, including a flexible wiring board where a photometric sensor is implemented is contained in a case. The case has an appearance similar to that of a film cartridge loaded by drop-in operation and is insertable into a film cartridge cell of the camera. Exposure test can be performed without a back lid because the photometric sensor measures and outputs the exposure energy in the state that the photometric sensor is positioned at a film mask portion by rotating an operation part of a feed shaft with the case being inserted in the camera.

Abstract: A movement detection and control device has a lens frame holding a lens. The lens frame is movable in a direction of an optical axis of the lens. A revolving cam moves the lens frame in the direction of the optical axis. A driving source drives the cam. A pattern-rotating member having patterns for pulse generation, is rotated by the driving source. A detector detects the patterns, and generates pulse signals in response to driving by the driving source. A control circuit counts the pulse signals, and drives the driving source in a controlled manner to move the lens frame by a predetermined amount. The revolving cam is provided with a light-sealing member for intercepting the detector from generating pulse signals in an area where the cam starts or finishes its movement.

Abstract: A lift pin insert assembly is releasably mounted upon a mold member for casting a manhole section. The mold is filled with concrete, which surrounds and embeds the insert assembly in the cast member. The insert is configured to receive a lift pin, which is automatically moved to a locked position when a lifting force is applied. The insert assembly includes a reinforcing support assembly having at least a face plate and a metal rod of suitable thickness engaging the insert, and anchored either to the face plate or an additional support plate. The support assembly distributes the forces applied by the lifting force to the cast member substantially uniformly over a large surface area, significantly increasing the weight load capable of being lifted by a given lift pin without increasing the size and/or diameter of the lift pin and blocks the lift pin from sliding out of the insert when the cast member is lifted by the lift pin.

Abstract: An endoscope system has a first endoscope in which a hardness variation mechanism for use in adjusting the hardness level of a soft part of an insertion unit is incorporated in the soft part, and at least one second endoscope having a soft part. A range of levels of the adjustable hardness of the soft part of the first endoscope includes the hardness level of the soft part of the second endoscope. Another endoscope system has a first endoscope in which a hardness variation mechanism for use in adjusting the hardness level of a soft part of an insertion unit is incorporated in the soft part, and at least one second endoscope usable for examination of the same region as the first endoscope and having a soft part. A range of levels of the adjustable hardness of the soft part of the first endoscope includes the hardness level of the soft part of the second endoscope.

Abstract: A scanner device including a line sensor, an AD conversion circuit for AD-converting an inputted image signal, a memory for storing therein a digital signal which is outputted from the AD conversion circuit, a DA conversion circuit for DA-converting the digital signal which is stored in the memory, an encoder for executing conversion to a video signal on the basis of an output from the DA conversion circuit, and a controller for outputting an image signal which is outputted from the line sensor, to digital RGB data which are more in the number of picture elements than the number of stored picture elements of the memory by the auxiliary utilization of said memory. Thus, the scanner device makes it possible to execute video output with respect to a domestic television monitor, although the scanner device is a scanner having high resolution, and further, at a reduced memory capacity.

Abstract: A shading device of a camera having shading bellows which is collapsible in interlocking motion with an imaging-lens barrel movable in the direction of its optical axis and which is provided between the front side of the aperture of a camera body and the imaging-lens barrel, wherein the relationship L1/L0<L0/L2 holds where L0 represents the free length of the shading bellows when it is formed, L1 represents the maximum length of the shading means expanded in the direction of the optical axis and L2 represents the minimum length of the shading means contracted in the direction of the optical axis.

Abstract: In a camera using a cartridge (1) which includes flexible flanges (5), (6) having loose film wind preventive annular juts and being formed at both ends of a spool (3) in the cartridge, and in which pressing forces operate on film in a width direction of the film due to the juts of the flanges, curl leveling forces to be applied to deformed portions of the film caused by the pressing forces are reduced by means of concave surfaces (9c), (9e) formed at given locations on rail planes (9a) and feed walls (9d) constituting a film feed path, and good film flatness is thus ensured.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an engaging mechnism. The engaging mechanism comprises a cam element which moves upon modification of an engaging position, a cam follower abutted against a cam surface of the cam element, a detecting element for detecting a position of the cam follower, and a section to be detected provided on the cam follower, for giving at least three different kinds of output values to the detecting element.

Abstract: A rangefinding device for a camera, in which a light projecting unit for projecting near-infrared light to an object and a light receiving unit for receiving object-reflected light reflected from an object are provided in such a manner as to be nearly in parallel with each other. The light receiving unit is provided with: a prism having a total reflection surface for reflecting almost all of object-reflected light having been incident thereon; and a light receiving element for receiving object-reflected light that is reflected by this total reflection surface of the prism. Further, the total reflection surface of the prism is formed so that a sum of an angle of incidence and an angle of reflection of object-reflected light reflected by the total reflection surface of this prism is greater than 90.degree. degrees.

Abstract: A camera for image pickup on a film and also for electronic image-sensing comprises an electronic image-sensing apparatus having an image sensing device for transforming a subject image into an electric signal, a monitor for displaying the subject image on the basis of an picture signal outputted from this electronic image-sensing apparatus, an apparatus for taking a picture on a film for exposing a silver halide film to the subject image, an image pickup lens for forming the subject image on the image sensing device and the silver halide film, a reflection type of movable mirror for guiding to an optical finder a subject light beam passing through the image pickup lens, and an optical guide, located between the image pickup lens and movable mirror, for guiding to the image sensing device a part of image pickup light beam.

Abstract: A lift pin insert assembly is releasably mounted upon a mold member for casting a manhole section. The mold is filled with concrete, which surrounds and embeds the insert assembly in the cast member. The insert is configured to receive a lift pin, which is automatically moved to a locked position when lifting tension is applied. A reinforcing support assembly includes at least a face plate and a metal rod of suitable thickness at least partially encircling the insert, and anchored either to the face plate or an additional support plate. The support assembly distributes the forces applied by the lifting force to the cast member substantially uniformly over a large surface area, significantly increasing the weight load capable of being lifted by a given lift pin without increasing the size and/or diameter of the lift pin.

Abstract: A retaining wall assembly having a plurality of face plates, which interlock with tie-backs. The face blocks in one embodiment have a substantially cross-shaped front face and recesses along top, bottom, left and right-hand sides, which interlock with tie-back flanges. Each tie-back, through its interlocking flange, interlocks with four adjacent face plates. The tie-backs have anchors which provide stability and anti torsion, and comprise elongated rods joined to a key block at a forward end, which is further provided with a stiffener plate. The back feet, which are preferably rebars, are welded to the key block and extend rearwardly therefrom. A plurality of anchor plates are arranged at spaced (preferably equi-spaced) intervals therealong and are joined thereto preferably by welding. Tie-backs of a plurality of lengths N.times.K are provided where N is a real integer and K is a given length. In addition, tie-back extensions may be joined to a tie-back or another tie-back extension in the field.

Abstract: A camera capable of accomplishing with certainty a switching operation between a winding drive system and a rewinding drive system and of contributing to its size reduction. The winding drive system employs a film loading motor 48 and a clutch mechanism in the drive system to establish and cut off engagement of the drive system in accordance with rotating directions of a the film loading motor (48). Further, a differential reduction section is placed within a revolution area of a planetary gear of the clutch mechanism. The clutch mechanism is composed of first and second planetary clutch mechanisms, the first planetary clutch mechanism releasing the transfer of a driving force of the film loading motor within the winding drive system by the rotation of the motor in a first direction and the second planetary clutch mechanism releasing the transfer of a driving force of the motor within the rewinding drive system by the rotation of the motor in a second direction.

Abstract: A blur prevention system for an optical apparatus includes a camera body having combined unitedly a viewfinder for observing an object image and a photography unit including a photography optical system for exposing film or electrically recording an object image, a holding unit separated from the camera body and used to hold the camera body, a blur detector incorporated in the camera body for detecting a magnitude of trembling of the camera body, and a blur prevention drive unit incorporated in the holding unit and including a driving mechanism for displacing the camera body relative to the holding unit according to the magnitude of trembling detected by the blur detector so that the tremble of the camera body can be canceled.

Abstract: A film feeder for a camera having: a film feeding mechanism for feeding a film out of a film magazine by rotating a winding shaft, around which the film is wound, in the film magazine via a first speed reducer; and a film winding mechanism which takes up the film by rotating a film winding spool shaft via a second speed reducer; wherein the reduction ratio of the first speed reducer is at least twice as large as the reduction ratio of the second speed reducer.

Abstract: A prism optical system provided with: a first prism on which a light ray coming from an objective lens is incident; a second prism on which the light ray coming from this first prism is incident, and from which this incident light ray is emitted; and a plate-like member which is interposed between the aforesaid prisms so as to provide a predetermined air space therebetween and which has a diaphragm opening and a light blocking portion. Further, an uneven portion, which consists of depressions and projections and has a serrate section, for preventing light rays, which have been reflected from the surface of the light blocking portion of this plate-like member, from entering a field stop is provided in the light blocking portion thereof. Thereby, occurrences of ghosts and flares due to stray light are prevented. Moreover, ghosts and flares are reduced.

Abstract: A lens position adjusting mechanism comprising a molded lens, a lens barrel holding the lens, an end cam integrally formed on the outer circumference of the ring portion of the lens and having a cam profile that varies in the direction of an optical axis as the lens rotates, a ring portion formed of the lens barrel, a cam follower formed on the inner circumference of the ring portion and engaged with the end cam, a plurality of projections integrally formed on the outer circumference of the ring portion of the lens, whereby the projections are engaged with the inner circumference of the lens barrel to position the lens in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. The position of the lens relative to the lens barrel in the direction of the optical axis is adjusted by turning the lens about the optical axis relative to the lens barrel.

Abstract: A camera which allows a film cartridge to be loaded in the direction of the axis of rotation of the film cartridge or in the direction approximately perpendicular to the axis of rotation, includes a camera body includes a film cartridge compartment for accommodating the film cartridge, a film take-up spool compartment for taking up a film and a film transport path, formed between both compartments, having a film frame aperture, and a shading cover, when assembled to the camera body, for shading the film cartridge compartment, the film take-up spool compartment, and the film transport path.