Abstract: Open-ended pores of a porous granule are filled with a liquid material which is at least partially immiscible with water, and sealed with a porous polyurea membrane which limits the release rate of the material into the surrounding medium. The membrane is formed by(a) applying to the bare granule an organic solution comprising the liquid material and an organic polyisocyanate, followed by(b) applying to the granule an aqueous solution comprising water and a catalytic amount of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of a basic organic tertiary amine and an alkyl tin carboxylate.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising di-n-butylmagnesium and dimethylmagnesium, to the exclusion of dialkylmagnesium compounds containing alkyl groups other than n-butyl or methyl, with an n-butyl:methyl alkyl group ratio of about 0.2:1 to about 5:1 which is soluble in aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents is disclosed. The composition is prepared in the substantial absence of oxygen and moisture by the simultaneous or consecutive reactions of methyl and n-butyl halides with metallic magnesium in the presence of the hydrocarbon solvent, followed by separation of the insoluble magnesium chloride and any unreacted magnesium metal from the resulting solution.

Abstract: Insecticidally active compounds are described herein, which are defined by the following generic formula ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur;R is lower alkyl or lower alkoxy;R.sub.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxy, NH.sub.2, NHCH.sub.3, N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, ##STR2## R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, methoxy, SCH.sub.3, NO.sub.2, and ##STR3## R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, and methyl; andR.sub.5 is hydrogen or chlorine.

Abstract: A composition of matter is disclosed comprising dimethylmagnesium, di-n-propylmagnesium and optionally diethylmagnesium. The composition is soluble in aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents without the aid of solubilizing agents. The composition is prepared in the substantial absence of oxygen and moisture by the simultaneous or consecutive reactions of methyl, ethyl, and n-propyl halides with metallic magnesium in the presence of the hydrocarbon solvent, followed by separation of the insoluble magnesium halide and any unreacted magnesium metal from the resulting solution.

Abstract: An improved process for the di-substitution of cyanamide is disclosed which comprises reacting a compound having the formulaR.sup.1 Xin which R.sup.1 is a member selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkynyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 phenylalkyl, and C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 halophenylalkyl, and X is halogen, with cyanamide in the presence of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide and a catalytic amount of a catalyst having the formula(R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 M).sup.+ Y.sup.-in which R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 alkyl, M is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic, and Y is halogen.

Abstract: Radioactive lead and polonium can be removed from tobacco by treating uncured tobacco leaves with a dilute acid solution. The solution can also contain hydrogen peroxide and/or a wetting agent.

Abstract: Novel amine salts of substituted N-phosphonomethylureas are disclosed herein, having the formula ##STR1## in which R, R', and R" are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;a is 1 or 2 and b is 2 or 3, such that the sum of a and b is 4; andc is 1 or 2 and d is 0 or 1, such that the sum of c and d is 2.The compounds are useful in regulating the natural growth or development of plants.

Abstract: Synergistic herbicidal activity is displayed by compositions comprising the following two components:(a) an anilide of the formula ##STR1## in which R is a member selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl, and C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 cycloalkyl; and(b) a thiocarbamate of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 conjointly form C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkylene; and R.sup.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, in a weight ratio of anilide to thiocarbamate of 0.001-50:1.

Abstract: Synergistic herbicidal activity is displayed by compositions comprising the following two components:(1) 1-allyl-3-chloro-4-chloromethyl-2-pyrrolidone, and(2) 2-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-benzofuranyl methanesulfonate.

Abstract: Compounds which are useful as insecticide activators are described herein. The compounds are defined by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxy, dimethyl, trimethyl, halogen, dihalogen, trifluoromethyl, acetyl, acetamido, carbomethoxy, carbethoxy, methylenedioxy and ##STR2## and R' is methyl or ethyl.

Abstract: Thiocarbamates are prepared by a process comprising reacting an aqueous solution of a thiocarbamate salt with an organic halide in the presence of a catalytic amount of a quaternary ammonium salt having the formula(R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 R.sup.7 N).sup.+ Y.sup.-in which R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 alkyl and C.sub.2 -C.sub.25 alkenyl, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.6 -C.sub.25 alkyl and C.sub.6 -C.sub.25 alkenyl, and Y.sup.- is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride and bromide; and separating the thiocarbamate from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: Synergistic herbicidal activity is displayed by compositions comprising the following two components:(1) an amide of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is substituted phenyl, with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sup.2, r.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, and,R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,And(2) a haloacetanilide of the formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl,R.sup.8 is a member selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl, -R.sup.9 -O-R.sup.10, and ##STR3## in which R.sup.9 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkylene and R.sup.10 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, andX is chlorine, bromine, or iodine.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and --CH.sub.2 X in which X is halogen, andR.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of allyl and ##STR2## in which Y is selected from the group consisting of halogen and trifluoromethyl and their use as miticides are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A novel process is disclosed herein for the preparation of N-substituted halopyrrolidones of the formula ##STR1## in which X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, and methyl;Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, and bromine;Z is selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine;R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; andR.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 cycloalkylalkyl, benzyl, chlorobenzyl, and ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting og hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, acetyl, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyan, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylsulfinyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising di-n-butylmagnesium and diethylmagnesium with a n-butyl:ethyl alkyl group ratio of about 0.25:1 to about 4:1 which is soluble in aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents is disclosed. The composition is prepared in the substantial absence of oxygen and moisture by the simultaneous or consecutive reactions of ethyl and n-butyl halides with metallic magnesium in the presence of the hydrocarbon solvent, followed by separation of the insoluble magnesium chloride and any unreacted magnesium metal from the resulting solution.

Abstract: Compounds which are useful as insecticide activators are described herein. The compounds are defined by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of lower alkoxy, dimethyl, trimethyl, halogen, dihalogen, trifluoromethyl, acetyl, acetamido, carbomethoxy, carbethoxy, methylenedioxy and ##STR2## and R' is methyl or ethyl.

Abstract: Compounds defined by the generic formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethyl, dimethyl, chloro, and dichloro,R.sup.1 is methyl or ethyl, andR.sup.2 is methyl or ethyl, exhibit herbicidal activity.

Abstract: A composition of matter is described herein which has herbicidal activity and methods of use. The composition is defined by the following generic formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of chloro, bromo, and trifluoromethyl; n is either 0 or 1; m is either 0 or 1; and R and R.sub.1 are independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl from C.sub.1 to C.sub.3, inclusive, and lower alkoxy from C.sub.1 to C.sub.3, inclusive, or R and R.sub.

Abstract: Miticidally active compounds defined by the generic formula ##STR1## wherein R is either methyl or ethyl, X is either chlorine or fluorine, and Y and Z are either methyl or hydrogen, are described herein.

Abstract: A redistribution process for the simultaneous production of dimethylaluminum chloride and numerous alkylaluminum chlorides is described herein. The redistribution process is a chemical reaction which consists of first forming a mixture of methylaluminum dichloride and at least one alkylaluminum compound selected from the group consisting of an aluminum trialkyl, a dialkylaluminum chloride, and an alkylaluminum sesquichloride, where "alkyl" refers to a group containing 2 to 16 carbon atoms. The relative amounts of the mixture components are fixed such that the mixture has a chlorine-to-aluminum atomic ratio of 1.0 to 2.0. The mixture thus formed is next subjected to a fractional distillation, in which a first fraction is obtained, consisting of dimethylaluminum chloride, essentially free of trimethylaluminum, methylaluminum dichloride, and other impurities. The distillation residue consists essentially of alkylaluminum chlorides, which are valuable commercial materials.