Abstract: A process for the production of ammonia wherein excess nitrogen is fed to the secondary reformer and a cryogenic unit is employed to obtain a nitrogen-rich stream which is recycled at least in part to the cryogenic unit.

Abstract: A bumper for protecting the hull of a boat comprising a plurality of one-piece bumper bodies of resilient deformable material positioned end-to-end. Each of these bodies has a curved portion with a periphery forming a partial cylinder extending through an arc exceeding 180 degrees and a socket portion having a semi-cylindrical cavity with a radius equal to the radius of the partial cylinder. Preferably the curved periphery of the partial cylinder extends through 270 degrees so that the bumper can bend around a 90 degree corner of the boat. Each body has a passage extending lengthwise through both the curved portion and the socket portion. A rope passes through all the passages to connect the bodies together and form a complete bumper. The bodies are positioned on the rope with the curved portion positioned in the socket portion of the adjoining bumper body. Preferably a rope cleat is used to fix the bumper bodies against displacement relative to the rope.

Abstract: The device comprises a rocker arm formed with a main bearing surface mounted on a main bearing and further bearing surfaces which co-operate with the upper ends of exhaust and inlet valves and pushrods respectively. Movement of one pushrod to open the inlet valve will turn the rocker arm a first axis and movement of the other pushrod to open the exhaust valve will turn the rocker arm about a second axis transverse to the first axis.

Abstract: The manufacture of piston rings for internal combustion engines comprises making a ring blank of which the diameter over the outer periphery is greater, and the diameter within the inner periphery is less than that required in the finished ring. A gap is cut in the ring blank to afford two free ends and the ring blank is held in a closed position by the application of a force only to each of the free ends of the ring blank. One or more ring blanks are then clamped in a closed position and machined so that the inner and outer peripheries are circular. This enables a ring to be produced which conforms very closely to a required shape and which thus, in use, provides a good seal between a piston and the associated cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A distance measuring system in which a first station (FIG. 1) radiates a modulated carrier wave and a second station (FIG. 2) receives that wave, and retransmits the modulation on a carrier wave back to the first station, which compares the phases of the original and received modulations. The second station includes a digital counter (19) which accumulates clock pulses denoting the period of the modulation and a second counter is incremented and decremented to reproduce the modulation for retransmission thereof.

Abstract: A method of assembling a folding rack is provided which makes horizontal hollow beam members collapsible but not vertical hollow support members. The horizontal hollow beam members are pivotally connected with the support members through connectors. Each support member has vertically spaced projections on each of which connectors on the adjacent beam members are coupled one above the other and pivotally retained thereon as by caulking the head of the projection on the support member, so that the beam members are pivotable substantially 90.degree. about the projection.

Abstract: A watch dial face is provided with liquid crystal numerals which, in the case of a regular watch face, is located at the twelve positions on the face of the watch. The liquid crystal at these positions range to indicated temperature from minus ten degrees Fahrenheit (-10.degree. F.) to one hundred degrees Fahrenheit (100.degree. F.), and correspond to the numerical value at each position, e.g., one o'clock=10.degree. F.Liquid crystals serve a DUAL purpose. Markings on the face of a wristwatch or clock, using liquid crystals, will indicate the time by observing the hour and minute hands. Markings on the face of a wristwatch or clock, using liquid crystals, will indicate the temperature by observing color change to any one of the 12 liquid crystal markings. The markings, using liquid crystals, may be of any shape, small or large such as circles, rectangles, squares, dots, and so on.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting out and simultaneously decoratively impressing a top crust for a filled pie from a rolled out sheet of dough having a flat annular sturdy plate with an upper side from the center of which a handle projects and with an underside from the circumference of which an annular cutting rim depends. Decorative die elements are removably provided on the underside of the plate within the area circumscribed by the cutting rim and form selected decorative depressions in the pie crust section as it is cut out from a rolled out sheet of dough with the depressions being later filled in with a food coloring filler after the cutout pie crust section is placed over the filling in a pie.

Abstract: A unitary assembly is adapted to be attached to a toilet for ventilating odors from the bowl and has an air scoop positionable between the bowl and the seat at the rear of the bowl in communication with the bowl with such air scoop being mounted on the bowl by bracket means attached to the conventional bolts that hingedly attach the seat to the bowl. Such air scoop has a laterally offset communicating duct that supports at its outer end and communicates with a power driven suction blower unit positioned to one side and behind the bowl with a flexible exhaust tube connected to the outlet of such blower unit and positioned vertically within the bowl and provided with a free terminal outlet portion disposed within the normal pool of water in the bowl and positioned behind the trap in the bowl and having opening means disposed in arrangement with the pool of water so as to form a trap in the exhaust tube.

Abstract: A venting system for the combustion chamber of an oil or gas-fired heating appliance has an elongate diverter box arranged vertically exteriorly of the heating appliance. Such diverter box has an upper end tightly closed off by an insulated imperforate cover and a relief open lower end closed for safety by a perforate grill in which a safety spill switch is mounted. The interior of the diverter box houses a vertically disposed centrally arranged insulated baffle having an upper end in fume tight engagement with cover and a lower free end terminating substantially above the grill. The baffle divides the box into a flue gas inlet section that is connected at the upper portion of the box to the appliance and a vent gas outlet section that is connected at the upper portion of the box to the chimney flue. The inlet section has a turning vane provided on the end wall just below the lower free end of the center baffle.

Abstract: The operating stem of a hydrant is protectively surrounded by a steel collar which upstands considerably above such stem so that only a special deep socket for a wrench can be used to engage and turn the stem. When the hydrant is without a weather guard the collar is fixedly welded directly to the bonnet and has side openings to permit solid objects and water to escape from within and not interfere with the turning of the stem. Where the hydrant has a weather guard, a flanged adapter is welded directly to the bonnet to cover the weather guard and the collar has a flanged lower end whereby it is held in place axially by the adapted but is free to rotate.

Abstract: A sheet element, such as a banknote, has an incorporated authenticating device comprising a film having at least one edge which is provided with a non-rectilinear portion or portions shaped to provide coded information relating to the sheet element. The shape and proportions of said at least one edge of the shaped non-rectilinear portion or portions of said film are sensed to generate a signal dependant upon the shape and proportions of the edge of the film so as to derive the coded information.

Abstract: In apparatus for the reverse osmosis purification of water or other fluid in a module containing a membrane, the water is forced into the module under pressure using two piston-cylinder assemblies mechanically interconnected with the pressurized fluid from the module applied to the rear face of the piston which, from its front face, is driving water into the module, a low pressure continuously operating pump providing a low pressure on the other piston to supply the necessary extra pressure. Valve means automatically reverse the functions of the two cylinders at each end of each stroke.

Abstract: A security gate for a window or other aperture of a building includes a grille which is hingedly mounted at one side to a frame member which is secured within the aperture. The ends of the bars of the grille opposite the hinge enters slots in part of the frame and are secured therein by a locking bar. The arrangement provides a secure closure for the opening yet permits egress from the interior of the building in the event of fire or other hazard.

Abstract: A piston ring for use in a reciprocating internal combustion engine or in a compressor. The ring has an outer peripheral surface provided with a rotary finish machined curved center portion, rotary finished machined chamfer edges and a final finish plated wear-resistant coating evenly over the complete outer peripheral surface.