Abstract: An antenna architecture containing a broadband resonant cap positioned over a radiating patch is disclosed. The resonant cap consists of a rectangular resonant patch at the center with parasitic patches in close proximity of the four edges of the resonant patch. The parasitic patches may be coplanar with the resonant patch or may be mounted at an angle with respect to the vertical axis of the resonant patch. The resonant cap reduces the HPBW of the emitted radiation and improves emission directivity.

Abstract: An antenna adapted for wireless networks and having a variably controlled stagger antenna array architecture is disclosed. The antenna array contains a plurality of driven radiating elements that are spatially arranged having each radiating element or element groups orthogonally movable relative to a main vertical axis so as to provide a controlled variation of the antenna array's azimuth radiation pattern.

Abstract: An improved control system for controlling radiation direction of an antenna beam of an antenna is disclosed. The radiation direction is adjustable by an actuating device influencing phase shifting means based on an actuating signal. The system includes filtering means, arranged for filtering out a control signal and being connected, in use, to a feeder cable arranged for carrying RF signals and control signals. The system further includes an external control unit including detecting means, arranged for detecting the filtered out control signal, and control means, arranged for producing the actuating signal based on the detected control signal. The filtering means is directly connected to the external control unit so as to provide the filtered out control signal directly to the external control unit.

Abstract: An improved vault that facilitates the underground storage of electronic equipment, such as instrumentation for wireless telecommunications antenna systems. The vault preferably includes an flood evacuation system that prevents the electronic equipment from being submerged under water when the vault floods, a break-away lid to reduce or minimize injury, and a grated lid to prevent water from entering the main equipment chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna arrangement comprising a first and third set of antenna elements, being arranged as a first and third column and aligned along a first and third symmetry axis, respectively, each column comprising elements being operative in a first frequency band (f1) and elements being operative in a second frequency band (f2). The antenna arrangement further comprises a second set of antenna elements, being arranged as a second intermediate column along a second symmetry axis, said second symmetry axis being parallel to said first and third symmetry axes, and being operative in said second frequency band (f2), wherein the ratio of said second center frequency (f2) to said first center frequency (f1) is in the range 1.5 to 3. The distance between said first and third symmetry axes is less than or equal to 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna-filter module for transferring radio frequency electromagnetic signals between the ambient air and an electronic circuit. The module includes an antenna element and at least two integrated band pass filter disposed adjacent to said antenna element. The antenna element is arranged as a joint antenna element, having a substantially greater bandwidth than each filter and providing a number of antenna-filter combinations within the module. The joint antenna element is arranged in close proximity to a first resonator of each filter in the module so as to provide an electromagnetic coupling to the resonators of each filter and a differentiated, specific pass band for the respective antenna-filter combination. Each filter is provided with a coupling member for coupling to an electronic circuit, such as an amplifier.

Abstract: A low loss beam forming method and antenna structure are disclosed. The method and structure may preferably be used in forming two narrow beams within a cellular sector. This method allows an increase in the overall network capacity by using a three-column non-planar array and a compact, low-cost, low-loss 3-to-2 Beam-Forming Network (BFN). This structure produces two symmetrical beams with respect to the azimuth boresight. Radiation patterns of the two beams are designed to cover the entire azimuth coverage angle of a cellular sector with minimum beam-split loss and cross-over losses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transmission line (1) comprising: a groove (2) defined by two parallel conducting walls (3) and a conducting floor (4) all electrically connected to each other, together forming a peripheral conductor of the transmission line, and a center conductor (5), at least partly submersed in the groove (2), the center conductor (5) being isolated from the conducting walls (3) and the conducting floor (4) of the groove (2). The transmission line is distinguished in that the center conductor (5) comprises at least one conductor formed on a side of a printed circuit board (6). The invention also relates to a method for the production of a transmission line.

Abstract: A coupling loop with each leg connected by two resistors, R1 and R2 going to ground on a disk shaped printed circuit board provides a directional coupler with directivity tuned by rotating this disk assembly and coupling controlled by the distance to the main RF transmission line. Once the desired level of directivity is obtained, this board is locked with screws from the top.

Abstract: The present invention provides an omni-directional antenna element configuration having a compensated radiation pattern. Broadband antenna elements are coplanarly disposed on a suitable planar dielectric material. A single element omni-directional antenna comprises a pair of balanced fed radiating microstrip elements symmetrically disposed about the centerline of a balanced signal feed network. Additionally, a pair of pattern augmentation rods are positioned on each side of and proximate to the planar dielectric material running longitudinally to the centerline axis of a balanced feed network. Disposed proximate to each radiating element are partially coplanar, frequency bandwidth expanding microstrip lines. The combination of radiating elements together with pattern augmentation rods provides a broad bandwidth omni-directional radiating element suitable for use in multi-element antenna arrays.

Abstract: The antenna has an antenna element and a feed tower for forming a feed to the antenna element. In addition, the antenna has a dielectric support plate, which is mechanically fastened to the first end of the feed tower. The antenna element is in the form of a folded dipole, and it consists of metal strips connected with each other on at least two surfaces of the dielectric support plate. At the first end, the feed tower is electrically connected to two different points of the antenna element.

Abstract: A Time Division Duplexed (TDD) digital distributed antenna system (DDAS) that performs simulcast distribution to multiple simulcast groups while using TDD time advanced burst to negate the data rate reducing effects of transport delays. The User Plane data is adapted for eliminating time delay ambiguities across multiple simulcast digital radios. In addition, the Control and Management Plane is aggregated across multiple remote units to allow a non-modified donor digital base station to control simulcast groups.

Abstract: A wireless repeater includes an internal feedback path for adaptively cancelling an echo between an output antenna and an input antenna. The internal feedback path employs an adaptive algorithm implementing a list having a plurality of list elements. Each list element has one or more echo cancellation parameters and one or more repeater settings. The list may be pruned by employing a minimum distance between elements within the list. A method for stabilizing a wireless repeater includes obtaining an autocorrelation of a signal in a signal path of the repeater, detecting an echo in the signal path based on the autocorrelation, providing a list of elements indicating past successful echo cancellation coefficients and associated repeater settings, and adaptively adjusting an error of the echo cancellation coefficients to cancel the echo in the signal path.

Abstract: A resonator is provided with a tuning element based on piezoelectricity. The piezoelectric basic element includes at least one piezoelectric layer and a metal layer. Such a basic element is first coated with a thin insulating layer and then with a good conductor. The thickness of the conductive coating is greater than the skin depth of a field corresponding to the operating frequency of the structure in the conductor. The tuning element formed in this manner is fastened on, e.g., some inner surface of the resonator cavity and acts to change the natural frequency of the resonator by electric control. When using the tuning element, no mechanical arrangement is required for moving the tuning element. Furthermore, the tuning element does not cause considerable dielectric losses nor intermodulation when being in a radiofrequency electromagnetic field, because the field cannot significantly penetrate through said conductive coating into the piezoelectric material.

Abstract: An amplifier unit to be placed in an antenna mast and belonging to a two-way radio system. The amplifier unit comprises two front stages for implementing diversity, each front stage comprising a receiving branch with an amplifier and a transmitting branch including a transmit bandpass filter. In both front stages the output of the receiving branch and the input of the transmitting branch are coupled together and further to a base station (BT1, BT2) by an intermediate cable. There is at least one pair of antenna radiators. One radiator of the pair is coupled to the input of the receiving branch of the first front stage and the output of the transmitting branch of the second front stage, and the other radiator to the input of the receiving branch of the second front stage and the output of the transmitting branch of the first front stage. Then, the feedback path of the signal amplified in the receiving branch circulates for the part of both front stages via both radiators and the airspace.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for bypassing a low noise amplifier unit in the front stage of a radio receiver, especially intended for the base stations of mobile communication networks. The front stage includes, in succession, a divider (420), an amplifier unit (430) comprising two parallel, low noise amplifier branches, and a first combiner (450). The by-pass arrangement includes a second combiner (443), by which the halves (E11, E12) of the received signal are combined immediately after the divider before the amplification. A change-over switch (SW) is then used to select either the signal that has propagated through the amplifier unit and then combined (G·E1) or the signal (E1?) that has been directly combined as the output signal of the front stage. Due to the invention, the noise figure of the front stage is improved and the integration of its structure is facilitated.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electromagnetic transmission line arrangement with a phase shifter, comprising at least one conductive branch line (51a,51b) extending from a junction point (51c) to an associated output port, for the propagation of electromagnetic signals in a frequency band along said branch line. The phase shifter includes at least one dielectric body (52,53,54) which is mounted so as to be movable sideways in a transverse direction into a delaying position at least partly covering said branch line (51a,51b). The longitudinal distribution of its dielectric material (?) is adapted to cause, when being moved transversally into said delay position, a controlled phase shift but also to secure, by way of said selected longitudinal distribution of its dielectric material in conjunction with said at least one branch line, an input impedance matching of said transmission line arrangement. The transmission line arrangement can be used in the feeding network to a microwave antenna.

Abstract: A broadband antenna element configuration having a radiation pattern useful in an antenna array containing a plurality of driven radiating elements that are spatially arranged is disclosed. The antenna element is coplanarly disposed on a suitable planar substrate of dielectric material. The antenna element utilizes a pair of balanced dipole arm elements symmetrically disposed about the centerline of a balanced feed network. Balanced feed network elements are disposed in a broadside symmetrical configuration on first plane and second plane on each side of the aforementioned dielectric. Disposed proximate to each dipole arm element are partially overlapping, parallel planar, frequency bandwidth expanding microstrip lines. The combination of dipole arms and parasitically coupled microstrip lines provides a broad bandwidth radiating element suitable for use in antenna arrays.