Abstract: Composition and method of making bicaroate and bicaroate/dipersulfate mixtures which are stabilized, in dry form, with a coherent coating of sodium borosilicate. The borosilicate is formed in situ by the reaction of a sodium silicate and a sodium metaborate.

Abstract: A composition containing a persulfate and a carbonate, a bicarbonate or sesquicarbonate, which composition is suitable for oxidizing wet strength resin based broke used in wet strength paper. The combination decreases the time required for effectively repulping broke from such paper. Additionally, the combination is a single product capable of beaking down the wet strength resin and adjusting or maintaining pH at a predetermined value without additional chemical treatment.

Abstract: Phosphonic coletomers of the formula I: ##STR1## wherein X.sub.5 is hydrogen, an alkali metal atom, an alkaline earth metal atom, or an ammonium or amine residue; and A.sub.2 is a copolymer residue comprising two different residues ##STR2## wherein r is an integer ranging from 2 to 100, and wherein, in the first residue, W.sub.3 is --COOH, and in the second residue, W.sub.3 is --CONHC(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 X.sub.5 wherein X.sub.5 is as hereinbefore defined. The cotelomers inhibit scale and corrosion in aqueous systems.

Abstract: A composition for agricultural and other actives, comprising a finely-divided particulate combination of microcrystalline cellulose, at least one nitrogen compound such as urea, an ammonium sulfate or phosphate and, optionally, a suspending agent for the microcrystalline cellulose. The composition can be compacted to form shaped, solid dosage forms such as tablets which disintegrate rapidly in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A method for sanitizing a fowl that has been defeathered and eviscerated by contacting the fowl with peracetic acid solution containing from 100 to 2000 ppm peracetic acid. Completely contacting the fowl with peracetic acid solution effectively reduces the bacterial level found on the fowl to a level that will not produce disease in human beings.

Abstract: The lubricity (anti-wear properties) of hydrocarbon fuels, oxygenate fuels or mixtures thereof, particularly diesel or aviation fuels having reduced sulphur and/or aromatic content for compliance with regulatory requirements, is improved by the addition of a phosphorus ester or esters (phosphates and/or phosphites), or a concentrate containing the ester or esters, having a total acid number at least 1.0 mg KOH/g. The additives also improve corrosion inhibition.

Abstract: Phosphonic telomer intermediates for preparing the telomers of U.S. Pat. No. 5,376,731 may be produced by an aqueous process comprising (a) reacting hypophosphorous acid with a carbonyl compound which is preferably an aldehyde, a ketone or an imine, and (b) reacting the product of (a) with an olefinic reactant or reactants in the presence of a suitable initiator especially a free radical initiator. The telomer intermediates are themselves useful as scale inhibitors in aqueous systems.

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous colloidal peroxygen composition comprising stable sols, gels and solids of C2 to C6 peroxycarboxylic acids with a polysaccharide gum, optionally with gum cross-linking agents such as boric acid, borate salts, urea and the like useful for delivering peracids in applications such as surface cleaners, detergent bleach, automatic dish washing formulations and the like. The compositions are particularly useful for sanitizing or bleaching at an acid or neutral pH compared with other chlorine or peroxygen bleach compounds.

Abstract: The antiwear properties of synthetic ester lubricants intended for use at high temperatures (150.degree. C. to 350.degree. C.) are improved by adding to the lubricants a hydrocarbon insoluble, synthetic ester soluble, aryl diphosphate ester composition containing a major amount of an aryl diphosphate ester of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar is unsubstituted or alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.12) substituted arylene and R is unsubstituted or alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.12) substituted aryl.

Abstract: Flame retarding resin compositions having good thermal stability and good impact resistance. The composition comprises a thermoplastic resin selected from the group of polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, and blends and alloys of polycarbonate with polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, and a flame retarding amount of a melt-blendable, solid polybrominated triphenyl phosphate ester selected from tris(dibromophenyl)phoshate and bis(tribromophenyl)phenylphosphate, and less than 5% antimony oxide or halogenated organic.

Abstract: A method and compositions are presented to provide a functional fluid with an increased thermal stability in the absence of oxygen, the functional fluid base comprising from about 5% to 100% by weight of a triester of a phosphorus acid and from 0% to 95% by weight of a fluid selected from the group consisting of C10-C20 paraffin hydrocarbons, C10-C.degree.aromatic hydrocarbons, C8-C15 dialkyl ethers, C8-C15 N,N dialkyl amides, esters of mono- and di-carboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof, the improvement comprising incorporating into the fluid a compound selected from the group consisting of tetrahydronaphthalene and decahydronaphthalene in sufficient quantity to provide an increased stability to high temperature in the absence of oxygen.

Abstract: Method of controlling fresh water mussels of the Dreissenidae family (zebra and quagga mussels) by direct contact with peracetic acid or indirectly by application to an environment where control is desired. The biofouling of environments, such as fresh water intakes, conduits and storage systems of power and water treatment systems, and of processing streams of industrial plants, is thereby reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: Persulfates are used to provide water clarity when organic sanitizers such as biguanides are utilized for sanitizing recreational waters. Persulfate applications of 2 ppm or more can be used. Additionally, maintenance applications of the persulfate or the bisulfate can be used.

Abstract: A method for quenching hot metals especially iron steel or copper with a quenching fluid comprising a major proportion of an organic phosphate ester. The preferred esters are trialkyl phosphates and tri(alkyl phenyl) phosphates. The quenched article may exhibit improved anti-wear properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing Caro's acid by reaction of at least 85% by weight sulfuric acid and at least 50% by weight hydrogen peroxide wherein the sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide are fed through separate feed lines into a funneling zone open to the atmosphere, the feed lines having air gaps between their ends and the funneling zone; passing said hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid by gravity flow from said funneling zone into one end of a reaction zone whose size permits a pressure drop which is at least 8 times the theoretical pressure drop for such reaction zone and removing a mixture containing Caro's acid from the exit end of the reaction zone.

Abstract: Hydrolyzed copolymers of (A) maleic anhydride with (B) at least one mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer other than acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or with a mixture of (B) and (C) acrylic acid or methacrylic acid are effective for inhibiting the formation of calcium carbonate scale in wood pulp production.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing Caro's acid by reaction of at least 85% by weight sulfuric acid and at least 50% by weight hydrogen peroxide wherein the sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide are fed through separate feed lines into a funneling zone open to the atmosphere, the feed lines having air gaps between their ends and the funneling zone; continuing to introduce the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen peroxide into the funneling zone to flow and mix within the funneling zone, passing the resulting mixture by gravity flow into one end of a reaction zone whose size permits a pressure drop which is at least 8 times the theoretical pressure drop for such reaction zone and removing a mixture containing Caro's acid from the exit end of the reaction zone.

Abstract: Unreacted phosphorus and heavy metals, such as arsenic and antimony, are removed in environmentally acceptable form from the non-aqueous still bottoms residue resulting from the production of PCl.sub.3, by reacting the residue with an excess of calcium hydroxide in the form of an aqueous lime slurry and separating the reaction product into a precipitate and a filtrate. The reaction with lime slurry may be preceded by hydrolysis with water. The precipitate passes the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test and the filtrate contains less than 5 ppm of the heavy metals, thus permitting disposal by landfill and sewering, respectively, under EPA regulations.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of general formula I ##STR1## in which X represents a direct bond or a ##STR2## group.

Abstract: A process for treating effluents, such as precious metal tailings, having a pH of at least 9 and containing cyanide is described in which Caro's acid is added to the effluent having a pH of at least 9 and commencing the reaction of the cyanide with Caro's acid at 0.degree. C. to 80.degree. C. in the absence of an added alkali; adding sufficient Caro's acid within a mole ratio of Caro's acid to cyanide of 0.3/1 to 3/1 to reduce the pH of the effluent to below 9, continuing the reaction between Caro's acid and the cyanide to reduce the amount of cyanide remaining in the effluent and to recover an environmentally compatible effluent reduced in amounts of cyanide.