Abstract: A simplified procedure for making a water-in-oil emulsion involving passing the water and oil through an open face centrifugal pump, passing the pump effluent through a nozzle, and repeating these two steps until an emulsion is formed.

Abstract: A mooring system is proposed for use at docks where tide changes are large. The system requires two vertical mooring posts positioned on the dock at a distance apart so that when the ship is docked one will be at a bow section of the ship and the other at a stern section. The ship is fitted with two post-engaging devices, one in the bow area and one in the stern area, each of which will be in alignment with the appropriate mooring post. The post-engaging devices are mechanically movable so as to engage the adjacent post and the engagement will prevent horizontal movement of the ship, but will permit vertical movement in accord with the tides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1,3 or 1,4-bis (aminomethyl)cyclohexane by hydrogenating a solvent solution of iso- or terephthalonitrile at a temperature between about 50.degree. and about 150.degree. C., at a pressure of between about 500 and about 1500 psig., and in the presence of a supported rhodium catalyst.

Abstract: 4,9-Cis-1-cyclohexyl-1,3,3-trimethylhydrindane is a new compound and is a fluid with improved tractive properties.

Abstract: A process and system for separating a preferentially crystallizable component A from a feed, wherein a series of zones are used between which mother liquor can flow without passage of crystallized material. Liquid feed is introduced to a zone other than the end zone from which effluent rich in component A is withdrawn. During one stage gradating crystallization temperature pattern is established throughout the series ranging from relatively low to relatively high, causing component A to crystallize in each zone; and mother liquor is caused to flow toward the low temperature end, while a portion of previously withdrawn effluent rich in component A is returned to the higher temperature end and effluent lean in component A is removed from the lower temperature end.

Abstract: A process to separate hydrocarbon gases into different fractions by condensing in the high pressure condenser of a staged dual pressure rectification system only that amount of vapor necessary for the reboiler duty of the low pressure column and expanding the excess vapor to provide the low temperature refrigeration duty. The process of the invention lends itself particularly to refinery gases, particularly to an absorber tail gas which comprises a mixture of low molecular weight hydrocarbon gases (e.g. methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, etc.).

Abstract: A process for preparing a supported .alpha.-prime phase vanadium bronze ammoxidation catalyst by forming the .alpha.-prime phase in the absence of the support, physically mixing the dry, solid support with the dry, solid catalyst, and calcining the mixture at a temperature of about 400.degree. C. to about 600.degree. C.

Abstract: In the process of making 2,6-dicyanonaphthalene by reacting 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, ammonia and oxygen under ammoxidation conditions at atmospheric pressure, the improvement which comprises carrying out said ammoxidation in the presence of an unsupported alkali-metal vanadium bronze catalyst, optionally promoted with titanium, boron or iron and with a molar ratio of ammonia to 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene of at least about 25:1.

Abstract: In an ammoxidation system where hydrocarbon, oxygen and ammonia are reacted at a temperature of from about 375.degree.C. to about 450.degree.C. in the presence of a vanadium bronze catalyst, the improvement of regenerating heat damaged catalyst by cooling the catalyst to below about 400.degree.C. and then reheating it to a temperature of from about 510.degree.C. to about 530.degree.C. in the presence of oxygen.

Abstract: A process for recovering mesitylene and ethyltoluenes contained in a petroleum naphtha reformate by sulfonating the naphtha reformate with sulfuric acid and hydrolyzing the sulfonate product at reduced pressure.

Abstract: A novel oil-containing rubber composition is prepared by admixing a rubber from the group consisting of natural rubber, homopolymers of conjugated diolefins, and copolymers of conjugated diolefins with ethylenically unsaturated monomers, with mineral oil having at least 10 weight percent aromatic compounds which has been obtained byA. mixing a mineral oil starting material with an acidic reagent comprising anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in amount from 10 to 40 percent by weight of said starting material; thereby to form an acid phase insoluble in said mineral oil and containing components extracted from said starting material, and an oil phase comprising unextracted components of said starting material and containing dissolved acidic material,B. separating said acid phase from said oil phase,C. mixing said oil phase with an alkaline reagent to neutralize said dissolved acidic material and form neutralization products, andD. separating said neutralization products from said oil phase.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N-substituted alkylcarboxamides from a nitrile which comprises subjecting said nitrile to an aqueous non-catalytic hydrolysis to obtain an essentially equilibrium mixture consisting essentially of carboxamide and ammonium carboxylate salt, cooling said equilibrium mixture and isolating a crystalline mixture of carboxamide and ammonium carboxylate, reacting an alkylamine with the isolated mixture, filtering the reaction mass to separate insoluble carboxamide, and contacting the filtrate with a dehydration catalyst to obtain said N-substituted alkylcarboxamide in high yield.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing hydrogen by reducing tin oxide in a reducing zone at about 1000.degree. to about 1200.degree.C. with a reducing gas to form molten tin, feeding the molten tin as a spray into an oxidizer zone containing steam maintained at about 400.degree. to about 650.degree.C. and at about 1000 to about 2500 psig, whereby the reaction of the tin with the steam forms hydrogen and tin oxide, separating hydrogen product under pressure and recycling the tin oxide to the reducing zone.

Abstract: Isoparaffin-olefin alkylation is provided for contacting fluid with granular solids in a plurality of packed beds in series. Fluid effluent from each bed may be separated into two portions, one of which is recycled to the inlet to that bed and the other of which passes to the inlet of the next bed in the series. Control of the amount and temperature of the recycled fluid permits obtaining similar advantages to those stirred slurry chemical reactors with simplified equipment and handling.

Abstract: A composition useful as a base stock for a lubricant in a traction drive transmission has a kinematic viscosity at 210.degree.F in the range of 1.5-200.0 cs. and containsA. from 1-25 parts by weight of a hydrogenated polymer of C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 aliphatic monoolefin, said polymer having an average molecular weight in the range of 180-2000, andB. one part by weight of at least one member selected fromI. at least one saturated adamantane compound, said adamantane compound containing no elements other than carbon, hydrogen, fluorine and oxygen, wherein said oxygen is combined in an ether or an ester linkage or is in a carboxylic acid, hydroxyl or carbonyl group;Ii. a paraffinic petroleum oil containing less than 1% by weight of aromatics and having an ultraviolet absorptivity at 260 millimicrons of less than 0.5; andIii. a mixture of members from (i) and (ii).

Abstract: A process for removing iron contamination of aromatic carboxylic acids by oxidizing an aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of the acid to form insoluble iron compounds, separating the insoluble compounds, and converting the acid salt to free acid.

Abstract: In a system for removing oil from oily water which employs an oil droplet coalescer, a ceramic dewaxer is inserted before the coalescer to remove waxes, asphalts, and similar materials which would otherwise quickly clog the fine holes of the coalescer. The "dirty" ceramic elements of the dewaxer may be easily and efficiently regenerated.

Abstract: A technical grade white oil of low UV absorptivity is made by the hydrogenation of a paraffinic distillate under specified conditions.

Abstract: An ammoxidation process for the preparation of nitriles by reaction of m- or p-xylene with ammonia and oxygen using as catalyst an .alpha.-alumina supported vanadiumalkali metal bronze promoted with niobium, whereby a high proportion of dinitrile product is obtained. The invention also embodies the niobium promoted catalyst.

Abstract: An ammoxidation process for preparing nitriles from m- and p-xylene whereby the formation of carbon oxides is held to a minimum which comprises reacting the xylene and ammonia at a temperature of from about 375.degree.C. to about 500.degree.C. and in the presence of added oxygen, the molar ratio of ammonia to xylene being about 3:1 or less, the molar ratio of oxygen to xylene being about 3:1 or less, the volume percent concentration of the feed being preferably about 3% to 10% hydrocarbon, 7% to 20% ammonia, and 10% to 20% oxygen, and the catalyst for said reaction comprising at least about 1 to 10% by weight of a vanadium bronze supported on .alpha.-alumina.