Abstract: A semiconductor device emitting light about a predetermined wavelength comprising a structure comprising a plurality of layers, sometimes referred to as a stack, providing low resistance, high reflectivity and ohmic contacts to at least one semiconductor material.

Abstract: A method for controlling color accuracy of a light-emitting semiconductor-based device, and a process for producing a light-emitting semiconductor-based device with desired color accuracy is disclosed. The color accuracy is controlled by defining a desired color accuracy of a light produced by mixing colors emitted by at least two light sources over a first range of operating conditions; determining characteristics of the light as a function of operating conditions; and establishing desired light characteristics of the at least two light sources over a second range of operating condition in accordance with the step of defining and the step of determining.

Abstract: A method and system for performing chemical vapor deposition are disclosed. A chemical vapor deposition reactor can have a generally rectangular chamber that is configured for cross flow and/or zone flow control of reactant gases therethrough. One reactant gas can be injected into the chamber from one end thereof to create cross flow. Another reactant gas can be injected through the top of the chamber. Inert gas can be injected into the chamber to enhance flow control. By providing cross flow and zone flow control, more uniform deposition can be obtained. Also, parameters such as gas flows are less coupled to one another and can therefore be more easily controlled.

Abstract: A sub-assembly of a light-emitting device package and/or a light-emitting device package, the package comprising a cavity filled with an encapsulant, are disclosed with means preventing the encapsulant delamination. The means comprise an expansion volume within the light-emitting device package, together with means allowing the encapsulant to flow from the cavity into the expansion volume as the encapsulant expands, and to flow back into the cavity as the encapsulant contracts during heating and cooling of the light-emitting device package.

Abstract: A reflective surface sub-assembly for a light-emitting device, comprising a substrate, at least one area reserved for placement of a light-emitting device assembly on the substrate, and a diffusive reflective layer applied on selected regions on the substrate, wherein if the light-emitting device assembly were placed onto the at least one area then the diffusive reflective layer would reflect photons emitted by the light-emitting device assembly is disclosed.

Abstract: A heat spreader for an LED can include a thermally conductive and optically transparent member. The bottom side of the heat spreader can be configured to attach to a light emitting side of the LED. The top and/or bottom surface of the heat spreader can have a phosphor layer formed thereon. The heat spreader can be configured to conduct heat from the LED to a package. The heat spreader can be configured to conduct heat from the phosphors to the package. By facilitating the removal of heat from the LED and phosphors, more current can be used to drive the LED. The use of more current facilitates the construction of a brighter LED, which can be used in applications such as flashlights, displays, and general illumination. By facilitating the removal of heat from the phosphors, desired colors can be better provided.

Abstract: To enable both point-to-multipoint and point-to-point communication services in an existing cellular communication system infrastructure, a apparatus and system for channel management and overhead functions associated with use of the assigned channels for point-to-multipoint services in the cellular communication system infrastructure are described.

Abstract: To enable point-to-multipoint communication services in an existing cellular communication system infrastructure, each member subscriber station, i.e., a subscriber station participating in such a service, is receiving a forward link shared channel, and in certain embodiments additionally a forward link dedicated channel. Because transmission on the forward link channels from neighboring sectors presents interference to the transmission from the sector serving the subscriber station, it is desirable to control the forward link channel transmission power to the minimum acceptable power. Additionally, a transmission form each member subscriber station on a reverse link channel presents interference to other subscriber stations. Therefore, it is desirable to control the reverse link channel transmission to the minimum signal level. Consequently, a method and apparatus for a power control that enables point-to-multipoint services in an existing infrastructure of a wireless cellular telephone system is disclosed.

Abstract: Method and Apparatus for Processing Shared Sub-packets in a Communication System are disclosed. A communication system providing both voice and data services allows for a plurality of subscriber station to share a data sent in a unit of a forward traffic channel. To provide information required by the subscriber stations to determine that a unit of the forward traffic channel is shared, and to correctly decode the data, different control channel structures are described. Additionally, the control channel structures provides for more efficient signaling of code channel assignment.

Abstract: During initiation procedure between subscriber stations and access network adhering to CDMA standards, (e.g., IS-95 and IS-2000) the subscriber station receives a Sync Channel Message. Due to a design/manufacturing error, certain subscriber stations adhering to the IS-95 fail to ignore a portion of the Sync Channel Message, intended for a proper operation of subscriber stations adhering to the IS-2000. This causes a failure of the IS-95 subscriber stations' operation. The disclosed invention describes embodiments allowing the faulty subscriber stations to operate on an access networks build in accordance with both IS-95 and IS-2000 standards.

Abstract: A communication system that allows a soft handoff to be completed, even when the communications link between the active base station and the mobile station deteriorates before the mobile station has received the handoff direction message. The mobile station maintains a list of base stations that the mobile station is in communication with, referred to as an “Active Set”. In addition, the mobile station maintains another list of base stations that are proximate to the base stations in the active set. This list is referred to as the “Neighbor Set”. A memory within the mobile station includes information that would allow the mobile station to demodulate information transmitted from those base stations on the neighbor set. In accordance with the disclosed method and apparatus, the mobile station places a base station in the active set upon including the base station in a pilot strength measurement message (PSMM).

Abstract: A system for intelligently managing data in the archival and restoration processes of computer workstations located in a computer network. The system allows quicker, smaller back-ups of the computer network while facilitating the restoration process. The system identifies redundant data found in a pre-determined number of the computer workstations and copies them to a common storage area located on a high-speed storage medium. Placeholders are then placed into the archive file of any workstation that contained the redundant data. The system also identifies unique data present on the computer workstations and places them in the archive file as is the conventional practice. The system also provides, as part of an Inclusion/Exclusion Engine, intelligent rules for MIS personnel on the server-level to exclude files and directories deemed unique garbage and to include files deemed critical data in the archival process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting forward and reverse link imbalances in a digital cellular communication system. The method preferably uses an indication of “maximum access probes” to determine whether a link imbalance caused a reverse link failure to occur. The maximum access probes condition indicates that a wireless unit has attempted to access a base station a pre-defined maximum number of times. The method preferable uses an indication of a lost paging channel and a traffic channel initialization (TCI) time out to determine whether a link imbalance caused a forward link failure to occur. If the wireless unit did not lose the paging channel, the method determines whether a TCI time out occurred. If the wireless unit lost the paging channel, or it did not lose the paging channel but a TCI time out occurred, the method determines the cause for the forward link failure.

Abstract: A method and system for communicating a frame of information according to both a continuous transmit format and a discontinuous transmit format. The present invention contemplates transmitting one or more data rates in either a continuous transmit mode (814) or a discontinuous transmit mode (812). The present invention contemplates continuous transmission only for certain data rates, and selection between continuous and discontinuous transmission for other data rates (810). Frames transmitted in the discontinuous transmit mode may be transmitted at a higher transmit power than in the continuous transmit mode (820). In one embodiment, the information is transmitted at a fifty-percent duty cycle during the second half of the frame when in the discontinuous transmit mode (808). During periods of non-transmission, an alternative system may be searched for as a possible candidate for hard handoff (816).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for transmitting a signal at a predetermined level of reliability using retransmission of erroneously transmitted frames so as to minimize total transmission energy. The transmitting station evaluates the frame error rate (FER) as a function of energy. Next, the transmitting station determines a combination of initial transmission energies and retransmission energies that will provide the target level of reliability while minimizing the total transmission energy employed in the initial transmission and the retransmissions. The transmitting station transmits a frame with an initial transmission energy. Employing conventional feedback methods the transmitting station is alerted to the occurrence of frame errors at the receiving station. The transmitting station upon notification of a frame error retransmits the frame with an energy determined to minimize the total energy required to transmit the frame with a predetermined level of reliability.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for adaptive data rate selection in a high data rate (HDR) communication system are disclosed. An exemplary HDR communication system defines a set of data rates, at which an access point (AP) may transmit data packets to an access terminal (AT). The transmission data rate is selected to maintain target packet error rate (PER). Each AT monitors signal quality metric of signals received from APs. An AT receiving forward link signals from multiple ATs identifies the AT associated with the highest quality forward link signal. The AT then evaluates the rate at which a tail probability of error is greater than or equal to a target tail probability of error. The AT then generates a prediction of a first data rate at which the PER of packets received from the identified AP will not exceed the target PER, and a prediction of a second data rate at which the PER of packets received from the selected AP will exceed the target PER.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for selecting a serving sector in a high rate data (HDR) communication system are disclosed. An exemplary HDR communication system defines a set of data rates, at which a sector of an Access Point may send data packets to an Access Terminal. The sector is selected by the Access Terminal to achieve the highest data throughput while maintaining a targeted packet error rate. The Access Terminal employs various methods to evaluate quality metrics of forward and reverse links from and to different sectors, and uses the quality metrics to select the sector to send data packets to the Access Terminal.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for rate control in a high data rate (HDR) communication system are disclosed. An exemplary HDR communication system defines a set of data rates, at which an access point (AP) may send data packets to an access terminal (AT). The data rate is selected to maintain targeted packet error rate (PER). The AT's open loop algorithm measures received signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) at regular intervals, and uses the information to predict an average SINR over the next packet duration. The AT's closed loop algorithm measures a packet error rate (PER) of the received signal, and uses the PER to calculate a closed loop correction factor. The loop correction factor is added to the SINR value predicted by the open loop, resulting in an adjusted SINR. The AT maintains a look up table, which comprises a set of SINR thresholds that represent a minimum SINR necessary to successfully decode a packet at each data rate.

Abstract: A method and system for a handoff in a broadcast communication system is disclosed. A subscriber assisted handoff is impractical in a broadcast communication system due to e.g., a high signaling load, a difficulty to synchronize the broadcast transmission. On the other hand, the small number of broadcast channels enables the subscriber station to perform the handoff autonomously. To streamline the autonomous handoff decision process, several distinct sets of pilot identifiers and rules for transitioning among the sets are defined. To fully integrate broadcast services with the services provided by the cellular telephone systems in a subscriber environment, a methods for various handoff scenarios are analyzed.

Abstract: Demodulation of a received high rate CDMA wireless signal is obtained by filtering a complex received signal to provide a complex pilot filter signal. The complex pilot filter signal is then use to phase-adjust a set of demodulated subscriber channel signals.