Abstract: A signal which changes from amplitude X to amplitude Z is applied to a resistor of value R which is series connected with an electrical L-C (inductor-capacitor) delay line unterminated at the opposite end and having a characteristic resistance of value R and one-way delay time T. An output terminal is coupled to the junction of the resistor and delay line. For a time duration 2 T after the input signal changes value, a signal of value (X+Z).div.2 appears at the output terminal and thereafter a signal of value Z appears.

Abstract: An M by N switch matrix includes N input switches each single-pole M-throw, M output switches each N-throw single-pole with the N*M outputs of the N input switches coupled directly to respective ones of the N*M inputs of the M output switches whereby a signal applied at any of the N input switches can be coupled to the output of any one of the M output switches. The switches may consist of a plurality of dual-gate field effect transistors enabling the switching matrix to be utilized at microwave frequencies.

Abstract: A 0.degree. and 180.degree. hybrid power divider/combiner includes a first quadrature hybrid and two other quadrature hybrids arranged in tandem with one output port of the first hybrid connected to an input port of the tandem arrangement and the other output port thereof connected to a delay of electrical length equal to that of the tandem arrangement. When an input signal is applied to one input port of the first hybrid with the other port terminated, two signals of reduced amplitude which are either in phase or of opposed phase (dependent on which input port receives the input signal) are produced at the output of the tandem arrangement and delay.

Abstract: A microwave power circuit includes a thermally conductive, electrically insulating substrate such as beryllium oxide which has a relatively rough surface, a layer of dielectric material such as glass on a portion of the rough surface which layer has a relatively smooth surface, a conductive material on the relatively smooth surface, and a heat dissipating amplifying device having at least two terminals, one of which is connected to the conductive material and one of which is thermally connected to the substrate in a manner to pass heat thereto.

Abstract: A three terminal transferred electron device (TED) with a Schottky barrier gate and a series connected output circuit are connected to a bias supply which biases the TED just below threshold. A radio frequency (RF) signal of a given peak amplitude is applied to the TED gate which is biased such that the negative peak of each cycle of RF signal nucleates the domain in the TED. The resulting change in signal over a given time period at the output circuit is a measure of RF signal frequency.

Abstract: An envelope detecting circuit capacitively connected to a signal source and arranged to counteract the effect of d-c potential shifts at the interconnection of capacitor and detector. A portion of the detected signal is integrated to provide a signal proportional to input signal amplitude or duration and applied to said interconnection to dynamically forestall the effect of d-c offset potentials.