Abstract: Oxide refractory materials (for example, aluminazirconia mixtures) can be cast to have an extremely fine crystal structure, by casting a melt of oxide refractory materials onto a non-reactive, non-melting particulate solid cooling media of a material other than that of the oxide refractory material (for example, steel spheres having a size ranging from about 5 to about 60 millimeters). The casting takes place within a solidification chamber having an opening in its lower end, through which the cooling media and solidified oxide refractory melt can be removed. According to one embodiment, the opening in the lower end of the solidification chamber is either temporarily completely blocked by a base, which is periodically removed to allow the recovery of cooling media and solidified oxide refractory melt, or continuously partially blocked by the base, so that the cooling media and solidified oxide refractory melt can be continuously recovered from the solidification chamber.

Abstract: An electrical connector comprising first, second and third legs, said legs being arranged to permit said second leg to be spacially separated by force from said first and third legs thus, permitting an electrical conductor to be placed between the second leg and the first and third legs and permitting said electrical conductor to be retained by said legs.

Abstract: Gas is injected into molten metal, such as aluminum, to purify the molten metal either of dissolved gases (degassing), or of dissolved solids such as magnesium ("demagging"). The apparatus for accomplishing this injection contains two metallic bath chambers, the molten metal being transferred from one chamber to the other through a conduit. A gas injection conduit is connected to the metal transfer conduit at a location submerged within the first metallic bath chamber from which metal is transferred to the second chamber, and the gas to be injected is introduced through this gas injection conduit into a location submerged within the first metallic bath chamber.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for depositing finely divided solid additive upon surfaces of carbon cloth layer components of a carbonaceous article. The method comprises placing a layer of carbon cloth on a support, beneath a dispersion chamber, dispersing the powdered particulate additive within the chamber by blowing with a stream of gas (preferably nitrogen); allowing the additive to settle; and repeating this routine until the desired thickness of carbon cloth layers and powder is accumulated.

Abstract: An apparatus for fluid fuel ignition which consists essentially of an igniter which reaches a temperature above the ignition temperature of the fuel when sufficient electricity from an electrical source passes through the igniter and which igniter remains continuously at a temperature above the ignition temperature of the fuel while the fuel passes through a fuel injection means proximate to the igniter. A thermal delay relay which activates a valve, which permits fuel to pass through the fuel injection means proximate the igniter, is responsive to current flow through the igniter after the igniter has reached ignition temperature. The apparatus requires no mechanical moving parts other than a thermostat, one electrical relay and a fuel valve responsive to an electrical signal. Only two sets of electrical contacts are required in the entire apparatus including the thermostat and internal relay contacts. The apparatus may be conveniently designed to operate at either low or high voltage.

Abstract: Resurfaced brake discs comprise a carbon disc and a wide tape of wear resistant material applied to the periphery of the disc, the tape being cut on one or both sides of the disc to allow the tape to be folded over the wearing surface of the disc. The tape is impregnated with a curable resin and heated under pressure to form a strongly adherent friction surface on the disc. Boron-containing or other additives may be added to the tape to improve friction qualities or to increase the oxidation resistance of the surface. Additional resin impregnations and heat treatments may be employed to strengthen the tape surface. The method is not limited to worn brake disc but may also be employed for resurfacing new brake discs as well.

Abstract: A flame resistant cloth or fabric comprising synthetic fibers prepared from resin condensation products of phenols and aldehydes which can be fiberized and cured. These fabrics may include blends of phenolic resin fibers with other fire resistant fibers such as wool, silk, polyamide fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, mineral and glass fibers, among others.

Abstract: Polarizable particulate material, such as organic and inorganic colloidal particles such as small pieces of metal, oxides and the like, zwitterionic molecules, and even living organisms and viruses can be preferentially removed from a liquid by dielectrophoresis, by passing the liquid containing the polarizable particulate material to be removed over a ferroelectric apparatus which generates a periodic non-uniform electric field near the boundary between alternately polarized portions of the ferroelectric material. The periodic non-uniform electric field is generated by subjecting portions of the ferroelectric material to an alternating potential to alternately polarize the portions, while allowing other portions of the ferroelectric material to remain polarized in the same direction.

Abstract: An insulation covering for the protection of cylindrical bodies exposed to high thermal and mechanical stresses is provided by the assembly of flexible resilient ring shaped insulation elements, the elements being comprised of fibrous refractory materials such as aluminum silicate, silica, alumina or glass. The insulation elements are assembled in a stacked array and are then compressed between rigid, or adjustable metal bands, to give a firm body of insulation which surrounds and protects the enclosed cylindrical body. One side of the ring shaped insulation elements may be severed to allow opening the insulation elements for installation around the cylindrical body, this modification being employed when the insulation elements cannot be placed over one of the ends of the body.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed for dyeing cross-linked novolac fibers, and blends thereof, using anionic dyes and premetallized dyes.

Abstract: Partially crosslinked thermoplastic polyesters of recurring linear moieties of the formula ##SPC1##Are described wherein n is 0 or 1, and p, q and r are integers which total 30 to 600. The polyester is partially crosslinked by oxidizing meltable polymer to a "gelled" thermoplastic state, producing molecules of average molecular weights in the range of 10,000 to 1,000,000, preferably of 100,000 to 500,000.

Abstract: High modulus oxybenzoyl copolyester fibers are produced by heating to an elevated temperature and stretching oxybenzoyl copolyesters fibers having molecular weights in the range of from 2,000 to 200,000 and melting points of at least 250.degree.C and comprising recurring moieties of Formulas I, II and III - ##SPC1##wherein n is 0 or 1; x, y and z are integers; y:z = from 10:15 to 15:10, x:y and x:z = from 1:100 to 100:1; x + y + z = from 30 to 600; the carbonyl group of Formula I is meta and/or para to the oxy group thereof; the carbonyl groups of Formula II are meta and/or para to each other; and the oxy atoms of Formula III are meta and/or para to each other; and in more than 50% of the total of sid moieties having said mentioned groups therein they are of para configuration. For Formulas I and II n is preferably 0 and for Formula III it is usually 1.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of pyrophosphates such as SiP.sub.2 O.sub.7 is disclosed, whereby the undesired formation of by-products such as Si.sub.2 P.sub.2 O.sub.9 is minimized. Such pyrophosphates are particularly suitable for the formation of solid semi-conductor diffusion sources, wherein the presence of by-product is seriously detrimental.

Abstract: Polyesters of para-oxybenzoyl are infusible and very resistant to acids and solvents, thus limiting the means by which such polymers can be fabricated. Such a polyester is made more amorphous, thus improving compression moldability, by subjecting it to a high temperature treatment, followed by a rapid quench. The resulting polymer has reduced crystalline orientation, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction patterns, and molded articles thereof have improved flexural strength, without adversely affecting the modulus. The thermal treatment is carried out on the polymer by heating at a temperature of at least 300.degree.C, and up to just below the decomposition temperature of the polymer, followed by quenching of the hot polymer.

Abstract: Cellular fused silica having a bimodal closed cell structure is produced by mixing finely divided silica with finely divided boron oxynitride as a cellulating agent and heating the mixture to a temperature of at least the melting point of the silica, whereby the silica melts and is cellulated by gas generated as a result of decomposition of the boron oxynitride. The cellular silica consists of a multiplicity of primary closed cells defined by a matrix consisting essentially of silica, the matrix also containing a multiplicity of secondary macroscopic closed cells which are at least an order of magnitude smaller than the primary cells. Cellular fused silica bodies according to the invention are characterized by superior mechanical strength in addition to extreme whiteness and high purity of color, as well as other desirable properties, and are particularly useful for high temperature thermal insulation. Carefully controlled and defined shapes having very smooth surfaces may be obtained.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed for dyeing cross-linked novolac fibers, and blends thereof with aromatic polyamides, using cationic dyes.

Abstract: Branched, wholly aromatic polyesters of Formula I ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each consist essentially of a plurality of moieties selected from the group having the Formulas II, III and IV ##SPC1##and wherein X is -O-, ##EQU2## m is 0 or 1; n is 0 or 1; a is 0-40; b is 0-20; c is 0-20; and a + b + c is 2- 40.

Abstract: Solid diffusion sources for phosphorus doping comprise from 10 to 95 percent SiP.sub.2 O.sub.7 with an inert phase of ZrP.sub.2 O.sub.7. Such materials may be hot-pressed to obtain diffusion source wafers of the appropriate dimensions and porosity. A preferred composition comprises from 25 to 75 weight percent SiP.sub.2 O.sub.7, the balance ZrP.sub.2 O.sub.7. Fabrication parameters range from about 750 psi to about 6,000 psi pressure during hot-pressing, at temperatures from about 800.degree.C to about 1450.degree.C.

Abstract: Fine diameter continuous multifilament superconductor yarns comprising niobium carbonitride may be prepared. The fibers of which the yarn is composed possess a very high transition temperature (T.sub.c of 17.degree.K) combined with a good upper critical field (H.sub.c2 of 125 kG) and critical current density (J.sub.c of 10.sup.5 amps/cm.sup.2 at 40 kG). This invention provides excellent superconductor materials in the form of continuous fine diameter multifilament yarn.

Abstract: Cellular fused silica having a bimodal closed cell structure is produced by mixing finely divided silica with finely divided boron oxynitride as a cellulating agent, and heating the mixture to a temperature of at least the melting point of the silica, whereby the silica melts and is cellulated by gas generated as a result of decomposition of the boron oxynitride. The cellular silica consists of a multiplicity of primary closed cells defined by a matrix consisting essentially of silica, the matrix also containing a multiplicity of secondary macroscopic closed cells which are at least an order of magnitude smaller than the primary cells. Cellular fused silica bodies according to the method of the invention are characterized by superior mechanical strength in addition to extreme whiteness and high purity of color, as well as other desirable properties, and are particularly useful for high temperature thermal insulation. Carefully controlled and defined shapes having very smooth surfaces may be obtained.