Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous epoxy resin-containing compositions useful for depositing coatings on metallic substrates in order to protect substrates against corrosion. The aqueous compositions generally comprise (A) an organic resin component consisting essentially of at least one water-dispersible or emulsifiable epoxy resin; (B) a non-ionic emulsifier, (C) chromium trioxide, (D) a conductive pigment, (E) water, and, optionally, polytetrafluorethylene as a lubricant. The compositions may also contain phosphoric acid or an alkylphosphoric acid. These compositions are useful in coil coating operations to improve the electrocoatability of a metal substrate, in particular, steel, galvanized or aluminized substrates. The basecoated metal can then be conventionally coated or electro coated with weldable or non-weldable primer coatings and may be followed by the application of decorative topcoats.

Abstract: A thermoplastic elastomer is made by the reaction of an epoxy resin with a liquid mercapto-terminated polysulfide wherein the ratio of epoxy equivalents in the epoxy resin to mercapto equivalents is from about 0.6 to about 0.98, with the proviso that when the ratio is greater than about 0.95:1, the polysulfide is further reacted with an amount of a mono-epoxy compound sufficient to raise the ratio of total epoxy equivalents to mercapto equivalents to a maximum of 1:1. An elastomer having residual --SH groups is air-curable. The elastomer is useful as a hot melt sealant for insulated window units.

Abstract: The use of cyclamic acid as a catalyst for the curing of hydroxyl-functional resins having a functionality greater than 2 provides a wrinkle finish. The hydroxy-function may be present in polyesters, epoxies, and acrylate or methacrylate resins, among others. The polyester resins which are able to provide such a finish have a hot plate melt flow of from about 20 mm to about 150 mm.

Abstract: An insulated glass unit comprises two sheets of glass separated by an aluminum spacer, a thermosetting resin sealant such as a polysulphide or polyurethane sealant or a hot melt butyl sealant being applied around the edges of the unit to seal the sheets together. The spacer is connected by corner keys made of aluminum tape. Curing or melt-bonding of the sealant is accelerated by the application of microwave energy, suitably by passing the unit through a tunnel with microwave generators on each side thereof. The unit passes through the tunnel on a conveyor held upright by pinch chains. The conveyor and pinch chains are made of a nonpolar material such as polypropylene.

Abstract: The amount of particulate matter that is forced into the passenger compartment of an automobile by the deployment of an air bag as it protects the lives of occupants is reduced by improving the filterability of the combustion products of a composition for generating gas to inflate the bag. The filterability is improved by adding a nucleating agent for alkali metal halide vapors formed during said combustion. Silica, alumina, and graphite are representative of the nucleating agents.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is prepared by applying a magnetic coating composition onto a non-magnetic support and curing said composition, said coating composition containing ferromagnetic particles dispersed in a binder comprising a thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes and polyester wherein there is chemically bonded to said resin at least one aminoalkylphosphonate represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different oxyalkyl radicals having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is an alkylene radical having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aralkylene radical having from 7 to 10 carbon atoms R.sup.4 is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical having from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl radical having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms wherein the aryl radical may contain a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an amino group, and M.sup.+ is a metal ion or an ammonium ion.

Abstract: The solvent-free gas generant composition of this invention, comprising an oxidizer and a thermosettable resin, cures in about an hour or less at room temperature and within 5 minutes at 135.degree. F. Void-free and crack-free gas generant grains are formed and cured in an extrusion process in which the temperature may be from about room temperature to about 200.degree. F. The thermosettable resin is at least one of the group consisting of an acrylate-terminated polybutadiene, a hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene/diisocyanate reaction product, an ester of a polybutadiene polycarboxylic acid and an epoxy modified polybutadiene and/or a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, and a styrene/polyester copolymer.

Abstract: A silylated polyurethane made by the reaction of an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane a mixture of a first and a second alkoxysilane, each of which has the general formula:(CH.sub.3).sub.m (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3-m Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 XHwherein X is NR, S, oxygen, or a ureido radical, and R ishydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aminoalkyl or trimethoxysilylpropyl, has a lower viscosity than the average of the viscosities of two polyurethanes made from the same isocyanate-terminated polyurethane and either the first alkoxysilane or the second alkoxysilane. Likewise, a blend of those two silylated polyurethanes has a lower viscosity than the viscosity anticipated by the linear viscosity relationship typically observed for blends. Said linear relationship is based on a calculation of the weighted average viscosity of the blend from the viscosity of each component and the proportion of each.

Abstract: A zinc mercaptoacid ester of a polyhydric alcohol or ether, carboxylate, or ether-carboxylate thereof having at least one functional hydroxy group are improved heat stabilizers for halogen-containing polymer compositions. The phenomenon known as zinc burn during processing of such compositions is eliminated. Zinc bis-thioglycolates, zinc mercaptopropionates and zinc bis-mercaptosuccinates of glycols, glycerol, glycol ethers, glycol carboxylates, and glycerol carboyxlates exemplify the new class of heat stabilizers.

Abstract: The presence of ammonium halide in a PVC composition along with conventional primary heat stabilizers enhances the heat stability during the early stages of extrusion into pipe and other articles of manufacture. The ammonium halide which is formed as a by-product of the reaction of a metal halide such as zinc chloride or an organotin chloride with a mercaptoester in the presence of ammonia or an amine may be left in the product or a separate source of the ammonium halide may be used to provide the enhanced heat stability.

Abstract: A polysulfide-modified epoxy resin system in which, upon curing, the polysulfide rubber phase separates into discrete particles, typically 1 to 5 .mu.m in size, to enhance physical properties such as peel strength without any significant reduction in glass transition temperature. The phase separation is brought about by using as a modifier a liquid polysulfide containing a high proportion of polymethylene groups of 4 to 12 carbon atoms. The polysulfide may be adducted with an excess of epoxy resin prior to incorporation in the composition.

Abstract: A heat resistant fabric shield that protects the inside surfaces of the top and side sections of an air bag cushion is disclosed. The fabric shield is attached to the air bag cushion adjacent to the gas inlet opening. Upon deployment of the cushion the fabric shield is moved into position by the flow of hot gases from the inflator to protect the inside surfaces of the cushion from the hot gases. After deployment the fabric shield falls into position on top of the inflator thus protecting and insulating the cushion from the hot inflator.

Abstract: A polyester-based coating composition capable of forming a striated pattern on a metal surface at a film thickness less than half of that of PVC plastisol films is provided by a thixotropic composition having a thix index of from about 1.5 to about 3 and comprising a hydroxy-functional polyester, a thixotropy-inducing rheologic agent and curing agent. The striated coating is applied to sheet metal in a coil coating operation by introducing the composition into a paint pan of a coil coater, transferring said composition from said paint pan to an applicator roll by rotating a pick-up roll in contact with the composition and with said applicator roll; continuously withdrawing a sheet of metal from a coil thereof and coating said sheet by contacting it with the applicator roll; curing the coating on said sheet by passing the sheet through an oven at an elevated temperature; and continuously rewinding said sheet into a coil.

Abstract: A water-free, water-free reducible primer composition having a volatile organic content of less than 3 pounds per gallon yields a tough, flexible, and weatherable film when applied to metal or plastic substrates. The base resin is a polyester having an acid number of from about 50 to about 60 and a hydroxyl number of from about 160 to about 200. The polyester is the reaction product of from about 0.45 to about 0.5 mole % of adipic acid, from about 0.35 to about 0.4 mole % of neopentyl glycol, and from about 0.15 to about 0.2 mole % of trimethylolpropane.

Abstract: The solvent-free gas generant composition of this invention, comprising an oxidizer and a thermosettable resin, cures in about an hour or less at room temperature and within 5 minutes at 135.degree. F. Void-free and crack-free gas generant grains are formed and cured in an extrusion process in which the temperature may be from about room temperature to about 200.degree. F. The thermosettable resin is at least one of the group consisting of an acrylate-terminated polybutadiene, a hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene/diisocyanate reaction product, an ester of a polybutadiene polycarboxylic acid and an epoxy modified polybutadiene and/or a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, and a styrene/polyester copolymer.

Abstract: Described is a process for the patterned metallisation of structured printed circuit boards in which the fully structured printed circuit board is covered with a solder stop mask, with the solder contact locations being left open, the solder stop mask is heated under such conditions that complete hardening does not yet occur and the copper surface of the printed circuit board is practically not oxidized, metal is deposited out of an aqueous bath at the exposed solder contact locations and after the metal deposit operation the mask is heated sufficiently long to a sufficiently high temperature that the mask is completely hardened throughout. The incomplete pre-hardening step prevents the solution infiltrating under the mask in the metallisation operation and thereby loosening the adhesion thereof.

Abstract: The hardness and appearance of an in-mold coating for a molded article of cured unsaturated polyester are improved by the addition of melamine and/or benzoguanamine to an unsaturated polyester powder coating composition and subjecting the modified powder coating to a molding temperature of from about 260.degree. F. to about 340.degree. F. and a pressure of from about 650 psi to about 2000 psi for from 1 to 12 minutes. From about 5 to about 40 parts of the melamine and/or benzoguanamine per hundred parts by weight of the coating resin is used.

Abstract: A water soluble dicarboxylic acid acts as a mold release agent for salt blocks when it is sprayed as a fine powder into the block press mold box just prior to a charge of salt. The acid has from 6 to 10 carbon atoms; adipic acid is a preferred release agent. The salt block having a layer of the acid on it surface may be used in water softening systems wherein the block sits in a brine reservoir and supplies salt for the recharging of an ion exchange resin. There is no build up of an unsightly scum on the surface of the brine and on the sides of the reservoir as there has been with the use of calcium stearate as the release agent.

Abstract: The surface of a zinc selenide substrate is ground to curve in the opposite direction from that which occurs due to the bimetallic effect when zinc sulfide is deposited on a flat substrate by the chemical vapor deposition process. The bowing of the interface that occurs upon cooling of the hot laminate when the surface of the substrate is flat before deposition is compensated for by the pre-figured bowing. A distortion free window for the transmission of infra-red radiation is provided by this invention.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for reducing fifty-fold the size of equipment required for making a given volume of alkyltin thioglycolic acid esters. In said method, an alkyltin thiocarboxylic acid ester is made from the corresponding alkyltin halide and thiocarboxylic ester in a continuous process that requires but one agitated reaction vessel. The organic reactants and an acid acceptor are added simultaneously to a reaction vessel equipped with agitator impellers and containing a sufficient level of water to provide an agitatable medium. Extremely vigorous agitation (at least about 75, preferably at least about 90, turnovers per minute, which is sufficient to achieve a fluid velocity across the impeller(s) of at least about 50 feet per minute) is employed to avoid side reactions which often cause the formation of a tenacious, stringy emulsion, the breaking of which requires a rather difficult and wasteful filtration.