Abstract: Glass filled thermoplastic polyamide polymers such as nylon 6/6 are rendered fire retardant by the addition of an effective amount of a tris-(3-hydroxyalkyl) phosphine oxide such as tris-(3-methyl-3-hydroxypropyl) phosphine oxide.

Abstract: A resin modified asbestos diaphragm is prepared by diluting a heat curable polyvinylidene fluoride homopolymer resin latex containing no more than about 5% resin solids with an aqueous solution containing about 4% to 5% sodium hydroxide. From about 6 to about 11 parts of asbestos fibers are then slowly added to this alkaline resin latex solution for each part of resin solids contained therein with agitation to produce a clear aqueous slurry of resin coated asbestos fibers. To this slurry is then added an aqueous solution of 10% to 15% sodium hydroxide to swell the asbestos fibers. The resulting slurry is deposited on a screen to form a diaphragm which is carefully dried and cured at elevated temperatures to complete the polymerization of the polyvinylidene fluoride resin and form a bonded resin coated asbestos fiber product that is dimensionally stable. Such resin modified asbestos diaphragms may be used in electrolytic cells for electrolyzing alkali metal halide solutions.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyamide polymers such as nylon 6/6 are rendered fire retardant by the addition of an effective amount of a tris-(3-hydroxyalkyl) phosphine oxide such as tris-(3-hydroxypropyl) phosphine oxide.

Abstract: A highly-pure cyanuric acid is manufactured in a continuous process whereby urea and/or biuret are dissolved in an inert solvent and circulated at a high velocity and a temperature in the range of about 180.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C. through a loop between a heat exchanger and a forced circulation evaporative crystallizer body. Cyanuric acid crystallizes from the reaction mixture as it circulates to form a slurry. Ammonia formed during the reaction is removed at reduced pressure as the reaction mixture enters the evaporative crystallizer body. A portion of the slurry of cyanuric acid is continuously removed as it circulates through the loop and may be filtered to recover the cyanuric acid. The filtrate is returned to a feed tank and additional solvent, urea or biuret added to meet the concentration desired in the reaction mixture. The solution from the feed tank is added to the reaction mixture circulating through the loop at a rate to replace the volume of cyanuric acid slurry that is removed.

Abstract: A solution of a halogenated hydrocarbon when added in amounts of from about 1 to 2 parts per thousand by volume to hydrocarbon fuels improves combustion and increases fuel efficiency. The presence of a small amount of a hydroperoxide in combination with the halogenated hydrocarbon improves the starting characteristics of diesel fuel and further improves combustion efficiency.

Abstract: A solution of a halogenated hydrocarbon when added in amounts of from about 1 to 2 parts per thousand to hydrocarbon fuels improves combustion and increases fuel efficiency. The presence of a small amount of a hydroperoxide in combination with the halogenated hydrocarbon improves the starting characteristics of diesel fuel and further improves combustion efficiency.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyphenylene oxide compositions such as polyphenylene oxide that has been modified with high impact polystyrene are rendered fire retardant by the addition of an effective amount of a 3-hydroxyalkyl phosphine oxide such as n-butyl bis(3-hydroxypropyl) phosphine oxide.

Abstract: The growth of Clostridium botulinum and the production of enterotoxin in smoked meat products, such as bacon, is inhibited by adding to the meat products a compound selected from the group consisting of hypophosphorous acid and sodium potassium, calcium and manganese salts thereof.

Abstract: The growth of Clostridium botulinum and the production of enterotoxin in smoked fish is inhibited by adding to the fish a compound selected from the group consisting of hypophosphorous acid and sodium, potassium, calcium and manganese salts thereof. Such additive may be present in combination with minor amounts of sodium nitrite.

Abstract: A guanidine phosphate composition containing both monoquanidine phosphate and diguanidine phosphate and characterized by a weight loss of less than 1% when heated for one hour at 220.degree. C. is prepared by mixing together about equimolar quantities of phosphoric acid and cyanoguanidine and heating this reaction mixture with agitation in the presence of a surfactant to a temperature in the range of 200.degree. C. to 240.degree. C. Agitation is continued for two hours at 200.degree. C. or until foaming stops (about one hour at 240.degree. C.). The guanidine phosphate composition so obtained may be applied to cellulosic materials to render them fire retardant.

Abstract: Water insoluble polyurethane polyether polymers that are soluble in ethanol at pH 11 characterized by a molecular weight above 6,000 and having carboxylate groups and hydroxyl groups in the polymer backbone are prepared by reacting a mixture of polyols, a polyfunctional lactone and a polyfunctional isocyanate proportioned so as to provide the desired polymer properties. The polymer so prepared contains lactone groups and hydroxyl groups in the polymer backbone. The lactone ring is opened by treating the polymer with an alkaline aqueous solution of a water miscible organic solvent to produce a water insoluble polyurethane polyether resin containing carboxylate groups and hydroxyl groups in the polymer backbone. The carboxylate groups may be in the form of a carboxylic acid group or its alkali metal or quaternary ammonium salt. The product is soluble in mixtures of water with a water miscible organic solvent and may be used in the preparation of surgical drapes and burn dressings.

Abstract: Diallyl maleate in combination with alkyl phosphates, including mixed alkyl aryl phosphates, when added to styrene-unsaturated polyester resin systems and cured with a free-radical forming initiator provides a high level of flame resistance.

Abstract: The level of trihalomethanes in drinking water is reduced by adding hydrogen peroxide to the water prior to chlorination.

Abstract: A method of opening tapholes in a phosphorus furnace through which molten slag and metal are periodically removed comprises shooting one or more slugs into the taphole to fracture and break out the solidified material.

Abstract: Diallyl maleate in combination with alkyl phosphates, including mixed alkyl aryl phosphates, when added to styrene-unsaturated polyester resin systems and cured with a free-radical forming initiator provides a high level of flame resistance.

Abstract: Diallyl maleate in combination with triethyl phosphate, when added to styrene-unsaturated polyester resin systems and cured with a free-radical forming initiator provides a high level of flame resistance.

Abstract: A plasticizing composition for polyvinyl chloride resin is prepared by mixing from about 20 to about 50 parts by weight of tris(alkoxyalkyl)phosphate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkoxyalkyl radicals having the formula: ##STR2## wherein n is an integer from 1 to 18; x is an integer from 1 to 2;R' is either hydrogen or an alkyl radical, andR" is either hydrogen or an alkyl radical;in combination with from about 80 to about 50 parts by weight of another phosphate ester selected from the group consisting triaryl phosphate, alkyl diphenyl phosphate, trialkyl phosphate, tris(alkylphenyl)phosphate, alkylphenyl/phenyl phosphate, and mixture thereof. Polyvinyl chloride resins plasticized with 30 or more parts per hundred of such phosphate ester plasticizer mixtures are heat stable, fire resistant and flexible at low temperatures.

Abstract: In the manufacture of zeolite A crystals, characterized by a size in the range of about 1 to about 10 .mu.m (micrometers or microns) the crystal size is controlled to within the range of .+-. 1 .mu.m by seeding a sodium aluminum silicate gel that is free of nucleating particles with a predetermined number of comminuted zeolite A crystals having a number average particle size less than about 0.5 .mu.m.

Abstract: Peroxycarboxylic acids are prepared by the oxidation of a fatty acid with an excess of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a strong acid catalyst. The yield is improved and the reaction time is reduced by intimately dispersing throughout the reaction mixture an inert water immiscible solvent for the peroxycarboxylic acid. The product may be recovered in crystalline form from the solvent phase.

Abstract: A turbine lubricant having outstanding oxidation stability, corrosion resistance and good viscosity stability is based on an alkyl phenyl phosphate ester and contains small amounts of benzotriazole, a mixed mono- and dialkylphosphate of the formula RH.sub.2 PO.sub.4 and R.sub.2 HPO.sub.4, wherein R is an alkyl group of 8-12 carbon atoms, and an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of:(a) a C.sub.12 to C.sub.18 alcohol ester of 3,3'-thiodipropionic acid;(b) pentaerythritol tetra(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, and(c) 4,4'-thiobis-(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol).