Abstract: The present invention relates to an echo canceler for training an echo path estimation without providing a hindrance to a speech. The echo canceler of the present invention includes a pseudo noise generator for generating a certain pseudo noise. This pseudo noise is forcibly supplied to a transmission line for transmitting a far-end talker's voice. Here, in the case where the far-end talker's transmitting speech level is faint or the far-end talker is in a speechless condition, a certain correlation is established between the pseudo noise and a signal of the transmission line for transmitting the near-end talker's voice. Based on such a correlation as just mentioned, a coefficient for generating an echo replica is calculated. Therefore, a training for estimating an echo path is performed based on the pseudo noise and without depending on the far-end talker's voice, thereby enabling to generate an appropriate echo replica.

Abstract: A urea production process with high energy efficiency, in which the urea solution obtained from the synthesis stage is subjected to a first stage of high pressure thermal decomposition of the ammonium carbamate which has not undergone conversion to urea together with simultaneous self-stripping by excess ammonia, the gaseous products from said decomposition being condensed in two stages at different temperatures, in the first of which the heat is directly transferred to a second ammonium carbamate decomposition stage which is divided into two parts, namely a first thermal decomposition part and a second part consisting of adiabatic stripping with part of the carbon dioxide feed to the process.

Abstract: A transmitter receiver implementing both frequency division duplex and time division duplex in one device in a CDMA mobile communication system. In the FDD mode, data in an interleave memory in an interleaver is read at a predetermined read rate V.sub.R =V.sub.N, where V.sub.N is a normal rate. In the TDD mode, a transmitting carrier frequency is set identical to a receiving carrier frequency, and the read rate V.sub.R of the interleave memory and the write rate V.sub.W of the deinterleave memory are set at V.sub.R =V.sub.W >2V.sub.N. The transfer rate V.sub.T from column to column of the memories are set identical in the FDD mode and the TDD mode. This makes it possible to create a vacant duration while transferring from column to column, and to perform reception or transmission during the vacant duration. The remaining operation of the TDD mode is the same as the operation of the FDD mode.

Abstract: A method for imaging mammalian tissue utilizing a non-ionic complex of a paramagnetic ion of lanthanide element and a macrocyclic chelating agent.

Abstract: An expression vector cDNA library derived from senescent cells has been used to isolate cDNA clones that encode inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Such inhibitors play a role in cellular senescence and aging. Antisense nucleic acids reduce the inhibition of DNA synthesis.

Abstract: A transmission power control method in a mobile satellite communication system implementing accurate control of transmission power of a base station by obtaining an average received signal level at a mobile station at high accuracy. The mobile station measures an average received signal level Q.sub.k in a predetermined period (step SP2), and informs the base station of the average received signal level Q.sub.k and an actual measuring time T.sub.k (step SP3). The base station calculates a total measuring time t.sub.k which is the sum total of the actual measuring time T.sub.k (step SP16), a corrected average received signal level R.sub.k associated with the average received signal level during the total measuring time t.sub.k (step SP18), and a measuring error .DELTA.D.sub.k (step SP17), and controls the transmission power on the basis of these values (step SP21). Estimating the measuring error .DELTA.D.sub.k in the total measuring time t.sub.k longer than the individual actual measuring time T.sub.

Abstract: A high breakdown voltage semiconductor device is formed in a desired region on a semiconductor substrate. An impurity diffusion layer 32 is disposed at the center of the high breakdown voltage semiconductor device. The impurity diffusion layer 32 has a rounded or semi-circular configuration at both ends thereof having a particular curvature. The impurity diffusion layer 32 serves as drain. An impurity diffusion layer 33 is formed in the neighborhood and periphery of the impurity diffusion layer 32. The width of a portion 33b of the impurity diffusion layer 33 in abutting relation with the two semi-circular end portions of the impurity diffusion layer 32 is wider than that of a remaining portion 33a of the impurity diffusion layer 33 in abutting relation with longitudinal sides of the impurity diffusion layer 32. The rounded end portions of the impurity diffusion layer 32 have a larger curvature than the longitudinal side portions thereof.

Abstract: A mobile communications system including a plurality of communications networks, each of which has one location register (a home location register or gate location register) and one or more visitor registers. Each of the visitor registers is located in each one of visiting areas for storing information about a communication terminal. The location register stores the number of the visitor register of the visiting area in which the communication terminal is present, and the information about the communication terminal. When the communication terminal moves between the communications networks, the information about the communication terminal is transferred between the location registers. When the communication terminal moves between the visiting areas in the same communications network, the information about the communication terminal is provided from the location register to the visitor register.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing alkenyl aromatic foams utilizing a combination of atmospheric and organic gases as blowing agent, preferably using greater than 30% by weight of atmospheric gas, and preferably also using a predetermined about of a masterbatch mix comprising a styrenic polymer, a rubbery block copolymer, and a solid blowing agent. Also disclosed are alkenyl aromatic foams produced by the process which exhibit increased densities, increased thermoforming capabilities, increased post-expansion properties, and increased retainment of the atmospheric and organic gases.

Abstract: Datapath elements 1.sub.1 to 1.sub.N can exchange data respectively with local memories 2.sub.1 to 2.sub.N through data buses 6.sub.1 to 6.sub.N, so that parallel operations can be performed. The data bus 6.sub.1, which is connected with one datapath element 1.sub.1, can be connected with the other data buses 6.sub.2 to 6.sub.N through an interconnection network 5, so that by activating one datapath element 1.sub.1 only, data exchange can be made with all of the local memories 2.sub.1 to 2.sub.N through the data buses 6.sub.1 to 6.sub.N and the interconnection network 5. Thus, the multiple datapath elements can perform the parallel operations with being related with the multiple local memories: and a simple configuration is employed such that one datapath element can access to any one of the local memories.

Abstract: An apparatus for restricting movement of a device inside a vehicle having a mounting surface therein, wherein the device has a first part and a second part. The apparatus comprising: a holder comprising a support having a first part and a second part; a first receptacle connected to the first part of the support and moveable between a first position and a second position, the first receptacle for receiving the first part of the device when in the first position; and a second receptacle connected to said second part of the support for receiving the second part of the device when the first receptacle is in the second position so that the device is secured by said holder; and a fastener connected to the holder for fastening the holder to the mounting surface of the vehicle so that movement of the device is restricted.

Abstract: This invention relates to a video coding decoding apparatus for effectively refreshing a video and for recovering degradation of a video caused by code error, in a short time. A video coding decoding apparatus according to the present invention comprises area shape detection (12) for dividing the picture in the single frame into a motion compensation area and the remaining area and then detecting a shape of the motion compensation area by distinguishing between the motion compensation area and the remaining area, and motion vector estimation (14) for estimating a resultant motion vector of the overall motion compensation area from a motion vector of each block in the motion compensation area. A refreshing operation is carried out from a starting point of the estimated resultant motion vector towards the direction of the estimated resultant motion vector in a motion compensation area.

Abstract: A conveyor system for an automatic coning machine having coning units for unwinding thread from spools carried by disks. The system has a feeding conveyor for transporting the spools on carrying disks to the coning machine and a removal conveyor for transporting exhausted spool carrying disks from the coning machine. Passages traverse adjacent coning units which are interconnected to and between the conveying and removal conveyors. Feeders are provided for, at least, the feeding conveyor. The feeders are connected to and movable with the feeding conveyor, wherein the feeders are spaced apart from one another and wherein each of said feeders includes an engaging member for contacting a spool carrying disk and moving the spool carrying disk along the feeding conveyor, and a jutting member movably connected to the feeder which contacts the engaged spool carrier disk for guiding the spool carrier disk in a desired position along the conveyor.

Abstract: A frequency correction device for a spread-spectrum communication receiver requiring no high-accuracy, high-stable VCO as a local signal oscillator. It includes a quasi-coherent quadrature detector detecting an intermediate frequency signal using a local signal from a fixed frequency local oscillator, a correlation detector producing a despread signal by demodulating the output of the detector, a clock signal generating portion generating a pair of clock signals whose frequency is deviated a little with respect to a clock signal for driving the correlation detector. The pair of clock signals are used to drive two correlation detectors, and the amplitude of the outputs of the correlation detectors are squared, and then subtracted, thereby generating a correlation output error signal.

Abstract: A method for forming twin-tub wells in a semiconductor substrate is disclosed. The present invention includes forming a first silicon oxide layer on the substrate. A silicon nitride layer is patterned on a portion of the first silicon oxide layer by a photoresist mask. First-type ions are implanted over the substrate not covered by the silicon nitride layer. Next, a second silicon oxide layer formed by a liquid phase deposition method is deposited on a portion of the first silicon oxide layer not covered by the silicon nitride layer. After the silicon nitride layer is removed, second-type ions are implanted over the substrate not covered by the second silicon oxide layer. Finally, the substrate is drived-in such that a first-type well and a second-type well are formed under the first silicon oxide layer.

Abstract: A sliding correlator is disclosed for establishing initial synchronization to spectrum-despread a received signal into a narrow band signal in a radio receiver in a spread spectrum CDMA system. The a sliding correlator can achieve high speed synchronization. A received signal is stored in a memory circuit (43). The received signal is read from the memory circuit (43) at a frequency substantially higher than the storing rate of the received signal. The read received signal is multiplied by a replica of a spreading code sequence by means of a multiplier (45), and the output signal of the multiplier (45) is accumulated by an accumulator (46) over a predetermined time period. The output of the accumulator (46) is decided by a threshold detector (47) whether or not it exceeds a predetermined threshold. When the output of the threshold detector (47) is less than the threshold, the phase of the spreading code sequence is shifted, and the detection is repeated.

Abstract: The process claimed enables three separate streams to be obtained, from mixtures containing methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isobutanol, water and other both low- and high-boiling compounds, of which one is anhydrous basically consisting of methanol and ethanol (I), one containing most of the n-propanol present in the mixture fed (II), together with small quantities of methanol, ethanol, isobutanol and water, and one containing most of the isobutanol and high-boiling compounds present in the above mixture (III), by the use of three rectifying columns, stream (I) being taken from a lateral point of the first column, stream (II) obtained from the head of the second column, stream (III) obtained from the bottom of the second column.

Abstract: Mixtures of bitumen and thermoplastic polymer stable to storage are prepared by a process comprising:(i) mixing a bituminous product having a content of total asphaltenes, resins, saturated and aromatic products which satisfies the condition that the I.sub.c value is between 0.200 and 0.270 in the expression:I.sub.c =(C7+C5+S)/(A+R)with a thermoplastic polymer, the reaction being carried out at a temperature of between 160.degree. C. and 200.degree. C. and for a time of between 15 and 120 minutes and(ii) diluting the bituminous composition obtained in (i) with a bitumen or bituminous component having an I.sub.c defined as specified above in (i) of between 0.270 and 0.700 in such a quantity that the final concentration of the polymer is between 2.5 and 15% by weight, and heating to a temperature of between 160.degree. C. and 200.degree. C. for a time of between 30 and 90 minutes.

Abstract: A device for regulating and controlling the unwinding tension in a double-twist twisting frame, having a member which is mounted coaxially, in an idle and rotatable manner, on the respective pin of the unwinding packages. The device is provided with elastic yieldable elements which project radially from the pin to engage unwound yarn during the depletion stage of the feed packages.