Abstract: In a railway truck, a primary suspension system comprising a pair of elastomeric half-ring members having high wear flexible woven material bonded thereto and on opposite sides thereof; the woven material having high flexibility and wear resistance perpendicular to the plane of the material and rigid within the plane of the material.

Abstract: A non-metallic leaf spring in which a unitary body member is made up of strands of glass fibers distributed in a matrix of polymerized epoxy resin. The spring is provided with end fittings and a mounting assembly intermediate the ends of the spring by which the spring can be mounted between suspended and unsuspended structures without causing stress concentrations at the non-metallic spring. The method and apparatus by which the spring is manufactured casues strands of fiber to be distributed throughout the spring at a substantially uniform density throughout the longitudinal length of the spring.

Abstract: An electrical control system is provided for controlling a number of different operations in a transfer apparatus for transferring parts from one die to another. The controls of the operations are independent of each other and need not be made in cascade. Adjustments of any one of the operations may be made without directly affecting the other operations.

Abstract: A pair of stacked springs are connected between a main railway car body and a truck. At least one of the springs include an elastomeric member having a center opening therein. Restricting members are provided to limit the lateral movement of one of the springs while permitting free vertical movements of both of the springs.

Abstract: An outboard journal railway truck includes a journal bearing having an auxiliary structure with resilient elements attached thereto for carrying devices which are maintained in a fixed wheel to rail relationship. A primary suspension system having longitudinal, lateral and vertical springs is connected between the journal bearing housing and a side frame. The secondary suspension system includes a steering beam for maintaining vertical springs in vertical positions during movement of the beam with respect to the side frames of the truck and for transmitting the load from a car body directly to the side frames of the truck.

Abstract: A tubular member for holding a tread brake is inserted through a pair of enlarged openings in a side frame. A pair of washers fit over the tubular member with their outer peripheries welded to opposite sides of the side frame and their inner opening areas being double welded on both sides to the tubular member. The method of assembly involves leaving a top plate off the side frame until final welding steps through one of the enlarged openings has been completed.

Abstract: A system for stacking two similar sized containers on a low level, flat car or trailer of a predetermined size is provided. The containers include fittings at all their corners to receive locking devices. Angular members include locking devices and are dimensioned to overlap two adjacent fittings only of the stacked containers with the twist locking devices locking the angular members to the corner fittings of the top or bottom container to restrict movements between the containers.

Abstract: A laterally disposed cylinder including fluid therein connected between a truck and car body is responsive to lateral forces to provide low damping when relatively low lateral forces are applied and proportionally higher damping as relatively higher lateral forces are applied. The cylinder includes a piston to provide two fluid chambers. The piston includes an opening therein. An element is provided to vary the opening in accordance with the lateral forces.

Abstract: A freight car includes main side and end frame beams. Wall structures are connected to the beams and extend downwardly therefrom. A floor structure is connected to the wall structures to provide a lower well arrangement for receiving a trailer therein.

Abstract: A shock mount assembly for holding a component includes three sets of elastomeric members with each of the sets being disposed at right angles with respect to each other. One set of members is primarily in compression with the other two being primarily in shear resulting in deflections being the same regardless of the directions of applied external forces.

Abstract: A tilt system for a railway car includes mechanical actuating members for tilting the car only when lateral acceleration forces exceed preselected minimum levels. A mechanical stop mechanism is provided to selectively permit the tilting operation to exceed non-tilt stop positions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for testing automotive and truck wheels and hubs include placing a wheel connected to a hub and an arm or axle like member into a frame which maintains the wheel relatively fixed. Actuators are provided to apply forces to the wheel through the axle and hub. The forces are applied in different directions with the actuators being programmed to simulate actual road conditions over a long period of time in a relatively short test time without requiring substantial rotation of the wheel.

Abstract: A low rate soft primary system for a railway truck includes a pair of longitudinally disposed assemblies on opposite sides of a journal bearing for carrying a wheel-axle unit. Each of said assemblies includes a plurality of laminated rubber strips separated by relatively thin metal strips oriented parallel to the vertical axis of the journal bearing. The layers of the laminated assembly form angles opening towards or away from the journal bearing somewhat in the shape of chevrons. The assemblies provide relatively high spring rates for lateral and longitudinal loads and low spring rates for vertical loads.

Abstract: A transfer machine for holding and moving work pieces from station to station for successive machining operations in which the work pieces are clamped to pallets disposed generally vertically. During loading and machining operations the pallets are clamped in a fixed relationship to guide rails but are moved between stations on anti-friction means in the form of rollers. Loading operations are conducted relative to an accurately located reference axis and a work piece is transferred to the pallet so that the location of the reference axis is accurate at each of the loading and machining stations.

Abstract: Three parameters represent speed, current and voltage are combined to produce an electrical signal representing a desired uniform heat for an operation in which a movable workpiece is involved. A set of electrical signals are developed during the actual operation and combined with the electrical signal representing the standard heat. A resulting error signal and feedback circuit maintain the heat at the workpiece substantially at the desired uniform heat.

Abstract: A coupling assembly is provided to control the movement between two structural bodies when different forces are applied thereto. Initially, a restraint and limited movement is permitted by an elastomeric member for relatively low differential forces. With high differential forces, the restraint is overcome and the structural bodies move with respect to each other on a low friction member.

Abstract: A blind rivet is disposed to be inserted through openings in a pair of structures. The rivet includes a main stem having a pliable sleeve disposed therearound. The rivet includes a head portion on one end and an enlarged portion or bulb on the other. The rivet is held in place as the head portion is drawn outwardly causing the bulb portion to expand the sleeve so as to provide clinching of the two structures. After the expansion of the sleeve, the stem is driven back into the openings in the structure.

Abstract: A primary suspension system for a railway car comprises one or more leaf springs configured to provide vertical and horizontal portions for vertical and longitudinal compliance. A portion of the leaf spring is curved to wrap around a portion on the wheel journal bearing and rest on the top thereof.

Abstract: A pair of adjustment plates are disposed below a mechanical spring which supports a car body. At least one of the adjustment plates include spaced stepped portions to engage a portion of the other plate with the stepped portion engaged determining the height of the car. When the car load is removed from the springs, the relative positions of the plates may be selectively changed to adjust the height of the car body. A shock absorber is connected inside the mechanical spring and removable through the adjustment plates.