Patents Represented by Attorney Vazken Alexanian
  • Patent number: 8352858
    Abstract: A high-speed web server that generates an HTML file upon receipt of an HTTP request is described. The server includes an application executor device and an HTTP server device that receives the HTTP request and sends an HTTP response to the HTTP request. A method for sending an HTTP response in a server that generates an HTML file upon receipt of an HTTP request is also provided. The method includes: executing a script; calculating the number of appearances of the string; storing the string in a storage; executing a script when the script is a command for processing a string; replacing the string with reference information; and sending the string file along with the HTML file when it includes reference information for reference to the string file.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 15, 2010
    Date of Patent: January 8, 2013
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Tamiya Onodera, Toyotaro Suzumura, Michiaki Tatsubori
  • Patent number: 8351251
    Abstract: A method and device for performing a program operation of a phase change memory (PCM) cell. The method includes the steps of applying one or more programming pulses according to a predefined programming scheme to achieve a target resistance level of the PCM cell, wherein the programming scheme is operable to perform in a first programming mode one or more annealing steps to approach the target resistance, wherein the programming scheme is operable to perform in a second programming mode one or more melting steps, wherein the programming scheme is operable to start in the first programming mode and to switch to the second programming mode if the target resistance level of the PCM cell has been undershot in the first programming mode.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 24, 2010
    Date of Patent: January 8, 2013
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Evangelos S. Eleftheriou, Angeliki Pantazi, Nikolaos Papandreou, Charalampos Pozidis, Abu Sebastian
  • Patent number: 8344916
    Abstract: Simplifying transmission in a distributed parallel computing system. The method includes: identifying at least one item in a data input to the parallel computing unit; creating a correspondence relation between the at least one item and indices thereof according to a simplification coding algorithm, where the average size of the indices is less than the average size of the at least one item; replacing the at least one item with the corresponding indices according to the correspondence relation; generating simplified intermediate results by the parallel computing unit based on the indices; and transmitting the simplified intermediate results. The invention also provides a system corresponding to the above method.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 28, 2011
    Date of Patent: January 1, 2013
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Haibo Lin, Jia Jia Wen, Zhe Xiang, Yi Xin Zhao
  • Patent number: 8346080
    Abstract: A system and method for handling accesses by nodes connected to a ring network, using time division multiplexing (TDM). The system includes: nodes capable of receiving only an optical signal of a wavelength or positional space allocated to the node, and of transmitting optical signals of wavelengths allocated to other nodes; and a ring network that performs TDM transmission of optical signals. The ring network has slots for transmitting optical signals of individual wavelengths. Information indicates whether an optical signal to be transmitted exists in each of the slots. Nodes include means for updating the information indicating that the optical signal exists and determining means for updating the information and determining, on the basis of the information, whether to transmit the optical signal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 21, 2010
    Date of Patent: January 1, 2013
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Yasunao Katayama, Atsuya Okazaki
  • Patent number: 8340424
    Abstract: A visualization program, method and apparatus for determining reading order of content in a structured document. The method includes generating, for each of a plurality of elements, a directed segment; storing, in the reading order, the generated directed segments of the elements into a storage device; reading from the storage device; linking together the directed segments for the elements in accordance with the reading order; and displaying the linked directed segments overlaid on the structured document which is displayed on the screen. A computer implemented program and an apparatus for carrying out the above method are also provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 27, 2010
    Date of Patent: December 25, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventor: Daisuke Sato
  • Patent number: 8341239
    Abstract: A runtime vulnerability defense method, system, and computer readable article of manufacture tangibly embodying computer readable instructions for executing the method for cross domain interactions for a Web application. The method includes: creating a first and second iFrame object by the Web application which belong to a lower domain; creating an object O by the first iFrame object; sharing the created object O by the second iFrame object; promoting the domain of the second iFrame object to an upper domain; creating in the shared object O a source accessing function for submitting to a third party server a request to access the content of the third party server; and creating in the shared object O a sanitization function for sanitizing the response received from the server.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 25, 2009
    Date of Patent: December 25, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Da Ming Hao, Lin Luo, Ye Wang, Yu Zhang
  • Patent number: 8341173
    Abstract: A computer-implemented method, computer-implemented system, and a computer program product for answering a database-based query of a computerized database system. The method includes: generating a canonical individual ind? with respect to a role and a concept, for an existential restriction in an ontology used in the computerized database system; converting implicit data in original data into explicit data using the canonical individual ind? and the ontology; and retrieving an answer meeting all query conditions in a query from the original data and the converted explicit data. The computer-implemented system includes: a canonical individual generation unit; a data conversion engine; and a query unit.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 18, 2010
    Date of Patent: December 25, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Han Yu Li, Sheng Ping Liu, Jing Mei, Yuan Ni, Guo Tong Xie
  • Patent number: 8336039
    Abstract: An apparatus, method and article of manufacture tangibly embodying computer readable instructions for optimizing a Java object on a target computer program. The apparatus includes: a storage unit for storing a value of the object and management information on the object in association with each other; a code generation unit for generating, from the target computer program, optimized code and unoptimized code; a switching unit for switching from executing the target computer program using the optimized code to executing the target computer program using the unoptimized code in response to an event in which the value of the object is written while the target computer program is executed by using the optimized code; and a management unit for managing the object by accessing the management information by a non-detection write operation in which writing to the object is performed without being detected.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 2010
    Date of Patent: December 18, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Motohiro Kawahito, Takeshi Ogasawara
  • Patent number: 8331139
    Abstract: Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices and techniques for use thereof are provided. In one aspect, a magnetic memory cell is provided. The magnetic memory cell comprises at least one fixed magnetic layer; at least one first free magnetic layer separated from the fixed magnetic layer by at least one barrier layer; at least one second free magnetic layer separated from the first free magnetic layer by at least one spacer layer; and at least one capping layer over a side of the second free magnetic layer opposite the spacer layer. One or more of the first free magnetic layer and the second free magnetic layer comprise at least one rare earth element, such that the at least one rare earth element makes up between about one percent and about 10 percent of one or more of the first free magnetic layer and the second free magnetic layer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 28, 2011
    Date of Patent: December 11, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: William J. Gallagher, Daniel C. Worledge
  • Patent number: 8332202
    Abstract: A technique for enhancing the execution efficiency of simulation of a hybrid system. A continuous system simulator receives a request for evaluation of an event generating conditional expression for an event to be processed by a discrete system simulator, from the discrete system simulator. The event generating conditional expression is evaluated by referring to the value of a first variable describing a continuous system. Until evaluation of the event generating conditional expression indicates true, the continuous system simulator repeats simulation of advancing the current time by a step time interval and evaluation of the event generating conditional expression. When evaluation of the event generating conditional expression indicates true, the continuous system simulator sends current time data and the value of a second variable describing the continuous system which is referred to by the discrete simulator, to the discrete simulator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 2010
    Date of Patent: December 11, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Shinichi Hirose, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Ryo Kawahara, Hiroaki Nakamura
  • Patent number: 8326895
    Abstract: A computer readable storage medium for associating a phase with an activation of a computer program that supports garbage collection include: a plurality of stacks, each stack including at least one stack frame that includes an activation count; and a processor with logic for performing steps of: zeroing the activation count whenever the program creates a new stack frame and after garbage collection is performed; determining whether an interval has transpired during program execution; examining each stack frame's content and incrementing the activation count for each frame of the stacks once the interval has transpired; detecting the phase whose activation count is non-zero and associating the phase with the activation; and ensuring that when the phase ends, an action is immediately performed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 22, 2010
    Date of Patent: December 4, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Stephen J Fink, David P. Grove
  • Patent number: 8311832
    Abstract: A hybrid-captioning system for editing captions for spoken utterances within video includes an editor-type caption-editing subsystem, a line-based caption-editing subsystem, and a mechanism. The editor-type subsystem is that in which captions are edited for spoken utterances within the video on a groups-of-line basis without respect to particular lines of the captions and without respect to temporal positioning of the captions in relation to the spoken utterances. The line-based subsystem is that in which captions are edited for spoken utterances within the video on a line-by-line basis with respect to particular lines of the captions and with respect to temporal positioning of the captions in relation to the spoken utterances. For each section of spoken utterances within the video, the mechanism is to select the editor-type or the line-based subsystem to provide captions for the section of spoken utterances in accordance with a predetermined criteria.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 13, 2008
    Date of Patent: November 13, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Kohtaroh Miyamoto, Noriko Negishi, Kenichi Arakawa
  • Patent number: 8307451
    Abstract: Determining confidentiality of an office document shared by multiple organizations. Each block of a document data set is stored in association with confidentiality information indicating whether the block is confidential. The document data set is dividable into blocks each being a unit including properties evaluated as having a certain characteristic. A document data set targeted for the confidentiality determination is acquired, and it is determined whether a document data set, including a block similar to each block of the acquired document data set, is stored. If the document data set including the similar block is stored, it is determined whether the confidentiality information indicating that the block is confidential is assigned to the block of the acquired document data corresponding to the similar block. If the confidentiality information indicating that the block is confidential is assigned, the acquired document data set is determined as confidential.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 22, 2010
    Date of Patent: November 6, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Takuya Mishina, Masayoshi Teraguchi, Sachiko Yoshihama
  • Patent number: 8301857
    Abstract: Multiple application threads write to the same file in parallel. The file is written to on a file cluster-by-file cluster basis. For each file cluster of a number of file clusters of the file, a block of a memory cluster is allocated to an application thread, where the memory cluster corresponds to the file cluster, and the block is written to by the application thread until the block is finished, until all the blocks of the memory cluster are finished. A block may be finished where the application thread has completely written to the block, or the application thread has no further data to write to the block. Thereafter, the memory cluster is registered within a queue, from which it is read by a file writer thread, which writes the memory cluster to the file cluster. Each application thread that is to write to the file performs this process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 1, 2005
    Date of Patent: October 30, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventor: Takeshi Ogasawara
  • Patent number: 8296722
    Abstract: A transformation tree for an object model (OM) is defined. The transformation tree has nodes interconnected by edges, where each node is connected to at most one other tree node. Each node corresponds to a state of the OM; each edge corresponds to an event causing the OM to transition from the state of one node to the state of another node. A transformation graph for the OM is constructed by simulating the transformation tree. The transformation graph has nodes interconnected by edges, and is a directed graph in which each node is connected to one or more other nodes. Each node corresponds to a state of the OM; each edge corresponds to an event causing the OM to transition from the state of one node to the state of another node. Crawling-oriented actions are performed in relation to the OM by being performed in relation to the transformation graph.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 6, 2008
    Date of Patent: October 23, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Sachiko Yoshihama, Shinya Kawanaka, Takaaki Tateishi, Ory Segal, Adi Sharabani, Marco Pistoia, Guy Podjarny
  • Patent number: 8288759
    Abstract: Transistor devices having vertically stacked carbon nanotube channels and techniques for the fabrication thereof are provided. In one aspect, a transistor device is provided. The transistor device includes a substrate; a bottom gate embedded in the substrate with a top surface of the bottom gate being substantially coplanar with a surface of the substrate; a stack of device layers on the substrate over the bottom gate, wherein each of the device layers in the stack includes a first dielectric, a carbon nanotube channel on the first dielectric, a second dielectric on the carbon nanotube channel and a top gate on the second dielectric; and source and drain contacts that interconnect the carbon nanotube channels in parallel. A method of fabricating a transistor device is also provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 4, 2010
    Date of Patent: October 16, 2012
    Inventors: Zhihong Chen, Aaron Daniel Franklin, Shu-Jen Han
  • Patent number: 8288866
    Abstract: Techniques for modular chip fabrication are provided. In one aspect, a modular chip structure is provided. The modular chip structure comprises a substrate; a carrier platform attached to the substrate, the carrier platform comprising a plurality of conductive vias extending through the carrier platform; and a wiring layer on the carrier platform in contact with one or more of the conductive vias, wherein the wiring layer comprises one or more wiring levels and is configured to divide the carrier platform into a plurality of voltage islands; and chips, chip macros or at least one chip in combination with at least one chip macro assembled on the carrier platform.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 25, 2011
    Date of Patent: October 16, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Alain Caron, John Ulrich Knickerbocker
  • Patent number: 8289087
    Abstract: A computer-implemented method, device, and program product for detecting a phase shift between an I data clock and a Q data clock in processing an I data signal or a Q data signal used in quadrature modulation or quadrature demodulation. The method includes: receiving an input of the I data clock and the Q data clock; performing exclusive-ORing (XORing) on the I data clock and the Q data clock; latching a result of the performance of XORing on a phase sampling clock which is asynchronous with the I data clock and the Q data clock; incrementing a first number; incrementing a second number; comparing the incremented first number and the incremented second number and determining, based on a phase determination criterion, a phase shift between the I data clock and the Q data clock; and detecting a phase shift between the I data clock and the Q data clock.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 15, 2010
    Date of Patent: October 16, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Yasunao Katayama, Yasuteru Kohda, Nobuyuki Ohba
  • Patent number: 8285778
    Abstract: A method, system and an article of manufacture tangibly embodying a computer readable program for protecting Web application data between a server and a client. A response created by the Web application for the client is backed up and modified by adding capturing code for capturing a user action, user data of the client, or combination thereof. The modified response is sent to the client and a request submitted by the client and the user action and/or user data captured by the capturing code is received. A verifying request is generated according to the received user action and/user data captured by the capturing code and the backup of the response. The request submitted by the client is verified according to the verifying request and the verified request is sent to the Web application of the server.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 25, 2009
    Date of Patent: October 9, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Ya Bin Dang, Da Ming Hao, Peng Ji, Lin Luo, Yu Zhang
  • Patent number: 8281131
    Abstract: Method and apparatus for generating cryptographic credentials certifying user attributes and making cryptographic proofs about attributes encoded in such credentials. Attributes are encoded as prime numbers E in accordance with a predetermined mapping and a cryptographic credential is generated encoding E. To prove that an attribute encoded in a cryptographic credential associated with a proving module of the system is a member of a predetermined set of user attributes, without revealing the attribute in question, the proving module determines the product Q of respective prime numbers corresponding to the attributes in the set in accordance with the predetermined mapping of attributes to prime numbers. The proving module demonstrates to the receiving module possession of a cryptographic credential encoding a secret value that is the prime number E, and then whether this secret value divides the product value Q.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 27, 2009
    Date of Patent: October 2, 2012
    Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
    Inventors: Jan Leonhard Camenisch, Thomas R. Gross