Abstract: Starting aid for internal combustion engines according to which fuel is conveyed to a flame heater plug extending into the interior of an outwardly bulging section of the air intake manifold which bulging section is larger than the entire plug portion extending into the bulging section of the air intake. A perforated cover is interposed between the flame heater plug and the air intake manifold, and more specifically is located in the area where the bulging section of the air intake manifold bulges out from the latter.

Abstract: A two-passage conductor, especially for conveying air in air conditioning installations, which includes a pipe having a flexible air impermeable diaphragm fastened to the pipe along diametrically oppositely located longitudinally extending sections of the pipe which are located substantially in the central longitudinal plane of the pipe, whereby the pipe is subdivided into two passages arranged alongside each other.

Abstract: A filtering arrangement for vacuum loaders, particularly for conveying pulverous materials. The upper part of a filtering container is provided with a cylindrical conveying filter for conveying air withdrawn from the filtering container radially through the conveying filter. A scavenging air filter, for the scavenging air flowing out of the filtering container during the cleaning operation, is arranged above the conveying filter and forms a scavenging air chamber with the inner wall of the filtering container, air flowing axially through the scavenging air chamber.

Abstract: A nuclear energy plant with a closed circuit for the working gas, in which nuclear reactor operable to heat up the working gas, is through a plurality of gas conduits arranged in parallel, connected to a plurality of turbo-sets for generating electric energy and to circuit components following the turbo-sets. One turbo-set each and the respective circuit components associated therewith are respectively arranged in common structural units which are radially arranged around the nuclear reactor. Each of the structural units comprises a first connection for a hot gas conduit withdrawing the heated working gas from the reactor and a second connection for a cold gas conduit for conveying the working gas to the nuclear reactor after the working gas has passed through the respective circuit components.

Abstract: Apparatus for printing upon webs of textile material by sublimation of the dye of a web of printing foil covering the web of textile material. The apparatus includes a rotatable cylinder having looped therearound the web of textile material, the web of printing foil, and a pressing-on or transporting belt. The apparatus furthermore includes a vacuum chamber adapted to be connected to a source of vacuum, and also includes a heating device. The vacuum chamber is defined by a vacuum cap which sealingly engages sections of the cylinder and the pressing-on or transporting belt.

Abstract: A method of and furnace for burning waste material, according to which the aste material is for drying and degasifying same heated in a container whereupon the thus degasified waste material and the waste gases formed during such heating and drying operation are burned in a combustion chamber directly following the container while fresh air is added to the degasified waste material and to the waste gases formed during the heating operation. The heating of the waste material in the container is effected under exclusion of air, and the thus formed waste gases together with the degasified waste material are passed through a constriction located between the container receiving the waste material to be burned and the combustion chamber, the fresh air being added to the degasified waste material and to the waste gases at the constriction.

Abstract: A naturally aspirated eight cylinder internal combustion V-engine in which the cylinders of each bank of cylinders are divided into groups of two cylinders each, and in which the inlet ports of each group pertaining to one and the same cylinder bank are brought together to a joint inlet manifold. Each two cylinders of one and the same group of cylinders have a firing interval which equals or is greater than the opening period of the respective inlet valve pertaining to the respective group of cylinders.

Abstract: A window for vehicle cabs, especially for vehicles employed in agriculture and in the construction industry, which window is provided with a pane pivotally connected to the vehicle by two upper joints. The pane is at its sides by inner supporting members respectively and selectively held in opened and closed position. The joint members provided on the pane side are exclusively on the inner side of the pane bridged by a transverse yoke member which extends approximately over the upper length of the pane. The transverse yoke member is at its ends provided with lateral legs extending approximately half way down the pane. These legs are operatively engaged by the supporting members.

Abstract: A transmission constructed in groups with shiftable clutches to vary the ratio and the direction of the drive and including clutches shiftable under load. The arrangement of the clutches shiftable under load is such that a selective shifting under load from forward to rearward drive or from slow forward drive to fast forward drive, and vice versa, will be possible after preselecting a forward or a reversing transmission.

Abstract: Apparatus for desalinating water by reverse osmosis, having a series of pus discs each covered on both sides by a membrane, and compressed at their edges between respective pairs of a stack of module plates which are identical and which each consist of two mirror image halves, alternate module plates in the stack being rotated through 180.degree.. A zig-zag flow path through the stack is thereby provided with desalinated water passing by reverse osmosis into the porous discs and hence radially outward of the stack for collection.

Abstract: A hydropneumatic spring element, especially for use in connection with land vehicles such as armored vehicles, especially with a track laying mechanism, in which the wheel force is conveyed to a hydraulic liquid column through the intervention of a wheel rocker and a crank drive and a hydraulic piston, and is supported by a resilient gas volume. All hydropneumatic structural elements of the spring elements are surrounded by a common cooling jacket and are in this way liquid cooled. The cooling fluid flows in the following sequence by the cushioning valve carrier, the hydraulic work cylinder, and the hydraulic storage container.

Abstract: A controllable bypass conduit connects the compressor with the exhaust or discharge system and this bypass conduit communicates there in a range of lower pressure on a combustion machine having working chambers formed with a discharge turbo charger. The bypass conduit communicates into a mixing zone of a pulse converter embodied as an underpressure zone.

Abstract: A resilient rail connection on railway ties or the like with guiding plates located laterally of and adjacent to the rail. Each of the guiding plates along a section perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the rail has a first end portion of an upwardly opening angular shape and an oppositely located second end portion for cooperation with a spring element. In fully assembled condition of the rail connection, the angular first end portion of each guiding plate rests in a correspondingly shaped recess arranged in the rail supporting under-structure such as a railway tie while being located remote from the rail, whereas the second end portion of each guiding plate is adjacent the foot portion of the rail and is under preload engaged by the spring element which resiliently rests on the same under-structure as the first end portion and urges the second end portion of the guiding plate upwardly.

Abstract: The specification describes a method for the optical determination of departures in shape, changes in shape, and changes in position. In the method by means of light rays patterns are produced on the object and the patterns are represented by a photoelectronic device. Light rays originating from a coherent light source are projected by lenses or mirrors or holographically as a line or lines and/or point arrangements on an object, which are represented by means of an objective on an optoelectronic receiving device. In it they are converted into electric pulses, which after analog-digital conversion in an electronic computing unit are stored and are digitally coordinated with spatial coordinates. The data so obtained are compared with the data, obtained in the same manner, of the same object before its change in shape or position or with the data of an ideal or real object determining its ideal shape.

Abstract: A core reactor and method of operating same, according to which fuel elems, preferably of ball shape, are provided with an envelope of graphite and are passed in downward direction through reflector means of graphite which is simultaneously passed through by a heat transfer means and includes a ceiling reflector, a side reflector and a bottom reflector so that the fuel elements after once passing through the reactor core have reached the desired end burn-off conditions. Within or in the vicinity of that portion of the wall of the ceiling reflector and/or of the upper portion of the wall of the side reflector there are provided neutrons absorbing substances or additional substances reducing the speed of the neutrons.

Abstract: A heat exchanger arrangement for the exchange of heat between fluid media which the wall through which the heat is exchanged between the media is a pleated element which has a respective medium flowing along each side thereof, preferably in counterflow relation.

Abstract: A device for blocking the starting of a vehicle engine equipped with an electric starter, in which the engine transmission includes at least one speed range shift lever and at least one group shift lever which levers are respectively guided in two gear shifting gates arranged along about the same plane. The speed range shift lever slots and the group shift lever slots extend substantially at a right angle to neutral control slots which latter extend in one and the same direction. There is provided a shift plate which covers both gear shifting gates and slot-shaped openings exist therewith for the passage of the two shift levers. These slot-shaped openings extend in the longitudinal direction of and at least over the length of the neutral control slots. The shift plate has a bearing which is shiftable about a vertical axis and the pivot pin of which bearing is journalled in an oblong opening extending transverse to said neutral control slots.

Abstract: A winding-up device for a safety belt in which a winding shaft connected to one end of the belt is normally freely rotatable in both pay-out and take-up direction in a housing. A locking arrangement is provided for locking the shaft to the housing and is operated in response to acceleration of the shaft in pay-out direction. Further means can be provided to operate the locking device in response to acceleration of the housing or of the vehicle in which the housing is mounted.

Abstract: An adjusting device for the main shield of a grader in which two lifting cylinder, a sideways adjusting cylinder and two pivot arms interconnected by an arresting bridge for actuating the main shield are by the arresting bridge linked to a bridge frame of the grader which bridge frame has a rectangular cross section. Each of the two pivot arms are arranged for pivoting about two joints while one of the pivot arms has its free end provided with fulcrums arranged asymmetrically with regard to the vertical axis of symmetry for establishing linkage connection with one lifting cylinder and a sideways adjusting cylinder. The other one of the two pivot arms is at its free ends provided with a fulcrum for establishing linkage connection with the other lifting cylinder.

Abstract: An arrangement for external oiling of cylinder liners of internal combustion engines. The cylinder liners are flanged and are inserted directly into the bores of the cylinder block. An annular chamber is provided in the bores and/or the cylinder liners near the cylinder head. The annular chamber is connected to a feed line for the supply of engine lubricating oil. From the annular chamber, especially in order to prevent fretting corrosion, the engine lubricating oil, uniformly distributed over the circumference and partly in a pulsating fashion, slowly seeps downwardly through the clearance between the bore and the cylinder liner. The lubricating oil then flows into the oil pan.