Abstract: Substrates, particularly a method of transporting and coating substrates within a confined longitudinal passageway. The method is characterized by the transport and coating of the substrate without human or mechanical contact. The method includes supplying a fluid medium into the confined passageway and discharging the fluid medium from the passageway, such that the moving fluid medium cushions while longitudinally transporting the substrate within the passageway.

Abstract: In a railroad spike forging machine of the type comprising a steel stock pointing roller assembly which longitudinally feeds pointed spike blanks along a centerline to a head forming station, a main die of hardened tool steel having a die zone defined between its leading edge and an intermediate point of said first longitudinal dimension, and a wipe zone defined between said intermediate point and the trailing edge of the die by a transversely extending entrance wall surface to the die zone, whereby a transverse wiping of the channel is enabled in said wipe zone. Further, a sensing means generates position signals from the rotation of a pointer roller, and a spike positioning mechanism comprises a first hydraulic cylinder operable transversely to extend a stop mechanism in response to a first position signal, thereby to stop forward motion of a spike blank at an appropriate distance downstream of the die leading edge.

Abstract: In a device for exchanging objects, in particular writing instruments, two substantially identically embodied holders (5, 5') which are open at one side are provided. These holders are movable relative to one another in a plane extending substantially at right angles to there longitudinal axes (12, 12'). The object to be exchanged is held in a receptacle (20), which in cross section has substantially the shape of a regular, convex n-gon having an uneven number of sides. At each corner of the receptacle (20), there is an element of ferromagnetic material (22, 23, 24), and there is a permanent magnet (6, 6') on the inner face, located opposite the open side, of the receiving area of each holder (5, 5'). The receptacle (20) is positionally fixed in a holder (for instance, 5') by means of the aligned position of an element (23) of ferromagnetic material and of a permanent magnet (6', for example).

Abstract: An improved powered lawn mower of the type comprising a longitudinally extending engine bed support frame, a transversely extending cutting reel and bed knife assembly carried by the frame, a transversely extending front roller carried by the frame and longitudinally spaced in front of the cutting reel, and a transversely extending lawn conditioning roller carried by the frame and spaced between the front roller and the cutting wheel. The improvements comprise a conditioning roller vertical adjustment means carried by the frame and operable to adjust the vertical height of the conditioning roller with respect to the grass and the pitch of the bed knife together with conditioning roller drive mechanism which is enclosed and pivotable upon vertical movement of the conditioning roller.

Abstract: Visual displays for aircraft parking, particularly a composite signal light display having red, yellow and green lights and an adjacent parking light display for signalling aircraft alignment or misalignment with respect to an aircraft terminal passenger ramp of "gate". The parking light display includes linearly separated green and red neon tubes. The display includes an opaque background panel which is secured upon an air terminal exterior, so as to support simultaneously the red, yellow and green signal lights in vertical orientation and the linearly separated green and red neon tubes in vertical parallel with the signal lights. Misalignment of the aircraft with respect to the terminal gate is visualized by the pilot as the green neon tube being laterally displaced to left or right of the red neon tube. A hand held override switch is provided, such that the ground personnel may activate the red, yellow or green signal lights, so as to signal aircraft advance or stopping, as the gate is approached.

Abstract: This invention comprises a method for increasing the accessibility of cellulose in lignocellulosic materials to chemical or biochemical reagents. The material is steam cooked for a predetermined time, then rapidly depressurized. A venting sequence is used to remove volatiles from the reactor. Optimal cooking times for normal and acid catalyzed cooking are disclosed, according to the discovery of a novel set of governing equations, wherein optimum cooking times can be determined as a time integration of reactor pressure.

Abstract: In an automatic drafting apparatus having at least one tubular writing pen (1) held in a drawing head (3), and movable between a rest position, in which the lower end of its tubular writing tip (2) is sealed by a laterally movable sealing element (9), and into a raised intermediate position, in which the element (9) is moved laterally out of the way of the writing tip (2), enabling the writing pen (1) then vertically to be lowered into a drawing position. An improved actuation element (11) means is moved laterally back and forth to move both the tubular writing pen (1) and the sealing element (9). This actuation element further comprises a cam or guide contour surface (13, 14, 15, 16) to engage a pin guide operatively connected to the writing pen, thereby to effect vertical movement of the writing pen (1) and also an oblong lateral recess coupled with the sealing element (9) through a second pin (19), for the purpose of defining a selective lateral displacement of the sealing element.

Abstract: Photography, particularly, a method of modifying slide transparencies so as to eliminate distortion and to provide uniform illumination in oblique projection, for example, upon rear view screens.The method of modifying slide transparencies includes supporting the object to be photographed at an angle with respect to the optical path of the camera; selectively illuminating the object to be photographed such that the portion farthest from the camera receives the greatest portion of the light with the rest of the object being gradually and continuously less illuminated so the portion nearest the camera receives the least light; and, taking a picture of the object, such that the transparency defines the object being photographed in trapezoidal form with the wider base being the least illuminated and the narrow apex being the greatest illuminated.

Abstract: Determination of "dry rubber content" (DRC) within a latex solution. Particularly, a volumetric analysis device, including an elongated chamber with a removable filter cap positioned at one end. A compression plunger is mounted within the chamber upon one end of an axially reciprocable shaft. A compression handle and dial drum scale are mounted at that other end of the shaft, which extends through the chamber end wall. A liquid flocculating agent is mixed with a measured volume of latex solution within the chamber, then compressed by actuating the plunger. During compression, the liquid residue is urged through the filter cap. The remaining batch of precipitated latex is measured as the "dry rubber content", accordingly as the exterior dial drum intersects a reference scale on the cylinder interior.

Abstract: A boom rack assembly pivotally mounted upon a wall or ceiling, warehouse stacker or the like, either a fixed or movable apparatus, for handling and positioning a cargo net or tie down over palletized cargo. The device includes a pair of vertically disposed, inverted J-shaped tubes complemented with rollers, pulleys or sprockets as an assembly, each having a counterweighted cable or chain extending therethrough with a hook harness hanging outwardly thereof. The tubes may be pivoted outwardly of the wall fixture such that the hooks may be pulled outwardly of the tubes and clasped to the cargo net or related tie down equipment. Upon release of the hooks, the counter-weights then lift the net, while the booms by retracting, vertically convey the net over the carbo, such that the net, when released from the device, may be secured conventionally at its edges to the cargo pallet.

Abstract: A method of stretch bagging a poultry carcass within a stretch bag, including supporting a plurality of open-ended stretch bags in superposed array; forcing pressurized air into the top open-ended stretch bag so as to open the bag; axially entering the top bag and tranversely stretching from within while vertically supporting the top bag; stuffing the top bag with an inverted fowl carcass such that the breast plate is uppermost and the legs protrude rearwadly; relaxing transverse stretching and vertical supporting of the top bag, while compressing the fowl within the top bag by interposing restraining force in the path of longitudinal advance and at the forward end of said carcass, such that the leg joints of the carcass are broken and the legs are made to conform to the body of the carcass and remaining bags. The method is distinguished from the prior art in its compressing of the fowl within the bag.

Abstract: Digitally encoded data such as classified advertising and other data bases of similarly related messages are broadcast on a serial-type digital data transmission system. Each message is preceded by a headnote, structured so that upon reception, the receiver can select messages based upon a combination of hierarchical and relational views of the message data, without any interaction whatsoever with the broadcast system."Hierarchical access" means that messages are considered in categories and sub-categories. "Relational access" means that within sub-categories access is possible by a combination of attributes or keywords (i.e. using "and", "or", and "not" to combine multiple key phrases).We call the invention ReQueSt-DB. The name is derived from "Relational Queries on Sequential Data Bases". ReQueSt-DB allows rapid and facile access to one-way, cyclically broadcast, bit serial, sequential data bases consisting of (possibly) many thousands of messages with high selectivity.

Abstract: Gas burners; particularly, apparatus for punching holes or ports in gas burner tubing. The apparatus includes a base and superposed frame, a press head with punch, which is reciprocally mounted in the upper part of the frame and a rotatably driven eccentric shaft which engages, so as to reciprocate the press head. As the press head reciprocates, the punch engages the receiving end of a gas burner tubing which is supported in a tube collar positioned within the lower part of the frame. The trailing end of the tubing is supported upon a tube arbor which is advanced incrementally towards the tube collar, as the punch is reciprocated. The apparatus is characterized by its capability of rapid punching of a longitudinally aligned series of ports in a gas burner tubing, with precise adjustment of port size and distance between ports.

Abstract: Pattern making, particularly for the garment industry, including longitudinally advancing a web of pattern material onto a cutting table; simultaneously longitudinally advancing a web of fleece material in parallel contact with the pattern material, such that the web of fleece abuts the underside of the cardboard material; pulling a vacuum through said web of fleece, such that the pattern material is pulled towards the fleece; cutting patterns in the pattern material within the confines of the cutting table, such that a burr is formed on the underside of said pattern material and said burr engages said fleece material; simultaneously advancing the web of pattern material and the web of fleece away from the cutting area and separating the web of fleece from the pattern material, so that the cut patterns may be removed.

Abstract: A non-petroleum base newspaper printing ink comprising a blend of Gilsonite (uintaite) flakes and tall oil fatty acids, together with carbon black pigment. The proportions of the Gilsonite and the tall oil fatty acids may be varied, as viscosity requirements change due to differences in press speeds, newsprint characteristics, and the like. The ink thus has readily adjustable viscosity, together with an enhanced flow and penetration characteristics, while being extremely economical to manufacture.

Abstract: Telephone testing equipment, particularly a telephone subscriber test set of the type enabling the subscriber to isolate malfunction either in the household interior telephone equipment, including interior household lines and telephone receivers, or in the telephone company central office lines. A test circuit is connected to the household interior lines, so as be interposed between the telephone company central office lines and the household receiver. This test circuit includes a normally "open" test switch, a transformer and a dial tone speaker. As the test switch is "closed", the dial tone, emanating from the telephone company central office lines is amplified through the test circuit speaker. The device includes an especial extension test unit for use in households, having more than one telephone receiver.

Abstract: Offset, rotary newspaper printing press systems, particularly a method of enhancing inking of the plate cylinder. The method includes defining a plurality of ink repository cells within the surface of an inking cylinder, immersing the repository cells within an ink reservoir, scraping excess ink from the surface of the inking cylinder and rotating the inking cylinder and ink-filled cells against the surfaces of a pair of form rollers, contacting the plate cylinder. Modifications of invention include rotating the watering cylinders against one of the form rollers of the pair or rotating the watering cylinder against a form cylinder which independently controls the plate cylinder.

Abstract: Rotary transport of singulated articles, i.e., utilizing the periphery of a rotating transport disc to advance an article from one stationary work station to another. Particularly, radially outwardly pushing the article from the rotating transport disc into the peripheral stationary work station and, as work is completed upon the article, sequentially pushing the article radially inwardly from the work station into re-engagement with the rotating disc periphery, which transports the article to another work station or exit.