Abstract: When heating a semiconductor wafer by means of application of radiated light, subsidiary heating means which elongates along the circumference of the wafer is employed to additionally heat or to preheat the circumferential portion of the wafer so as to make the temperature of the wafer uniform at the entire surface thereof. Use of such subsidiary heating means is effective to prevent the occurrence of such a damage as slip line or the like in the wafer.

Abstract: A stabilizer used for vehicles and the like is formed integral with a base, shoulders on both sides of the base, and arms each formed with an eye-termination provided at the free end thereof for connecting the stabilizer to a load, said arms being each partly provided in separation from the remaining part of the stabilizer and welded to the latter at a predetermined position thereof the weld position satisfying a condition for maintaining sufficient strength of the stabilizer, to thereby produce the stabilizer more easily with a reduction in cost as well as to heighten the spring property thereof.

Abstract: When heating a semiconductor wafer by means of application of radiated light, it is effective to employ subsidiary heating means whose temperature rises upon exposure to the radiated light so that the circumferential portion of the wafer is additionally heated to compensate radiation of heat therefrom. The subsidiary heating means is arranged to elongate along the circumference of the wafer. It is important to limit the ratio of the characteristics, whose definition will be given below, of the subsidiary heating means to that of the wafer to 0.6-1.4 in order to avoid the occurrence of such a damage as slip line or the like in the wafer. The characteristics are expressed by the following formula: ##EQU1## wherein .eta.: reflectivity;.rho.: specific gravity (g/cm.sup.3);d: thickness (cm); andC: specific heat (joule/g.multidot..degree.C.).

Abstract: Dopant atoms are diffused into a silicon wafer by heating the entirety of the silicon wafer with the dopant atoms to a predetermined diffusing temperature in a short period of time, and more specifically, by applying light onto the silicon wafer under such conditions that the temperature difference between a central part of the silicon wafer and its peripheral part is maintained within 65.degree. C. The above diffusion method permits to carry out diffusion of the dopant atoms into silicon wafers with high productivity but without inducing physical defects such as warping or slip lines. It requires a very short time period for effecting diffusion to a desired extent and it enables to make the depth of diffusion greater.

Abstract: A distortion-free amplifier in accordance with the present invention includes an input amplifier, an output amplifier and method, and a cooperative combination of negative and positive feedback loops that remove substantially all distortion and error in the amplified output. Negative feedback loops are provided around the output amplifier and the input/output amplifier combination to provide degenerative error reduction. The negative feedback loop around the output stage provides a portion of the output to a voltage node at which the error component of the output signal is inversely superposed on the inverted signal to be amplified. This highly "visible" (inverse, intra-loop) error component is utilized as positive feedback to provide a regeneratively enhanced error pre-correction of the signal in the input amplifier. The pre-correction can be precisely controlled to effect virtually complete serial cancellation of the to-be-introduced error as the signal is propagated through the amplifier.

Abstract: A nutating traction drive in which external rolling surfaces on a one-piece biconical body (10) are retained against axially spaced internal ring surfaces (51,52) at diametrically opposite points of contact by a mechanism acting between a body (18) which is rotatable on the axis of the ring surfaces or a first axis (24) and which carries the biconical body (10) on a second axis (30) inclined with respect to and intersecting the first axis at a point (S) of axes intersection located midway between the ring surfaces (51,52) and points of contact. The mechanism includes a pivotal member (66) having a fulcrum point (78) eccentric from the first axis (24) or displaced from a plane containing both the first (24) and second (30) axes so that a torque reaction to rotation of the carrying body (18) by the biconical body (10) results in a force attempting to increase the angle between the first (24) and second (30) axes.

Abstract: A rain shield accessory for jacketed insulated pipe installations having vertically projecting rod-like appendages such as hanger rods, valve stems, and the like. The rain shield is an inverted funnel-shaped member of resilient sheet material so as to define a frustoconical body portion joined at its upper or small diameter end with a coaxial cylindrical neck portion. The sheet material from which the member is formed is precurled about the axis of the body to provide a voluted overlap particularly in the region of the cylindrical neck portion so that the member can be opened and placed about rod-like appendages of widely varying diameters.

Abstract: A pallet container system having strap-like clamping devices to retain five or more rectangular panels in either an erect box-like condition or in a collapsed condition in which the panels are compactly stacked for handling and storage during non-use. The panels are provided with recess formations spaced from each peripheral edge by a common marginal distance related to the combined thickness of five panels. The clamps are preferably L-shaped in configuration to define legs differing in length from each other by the thickness of one panel. In the erect condition, the short leg extends about the edge of one panel and along the surface of another panel oriented at right angles to the one panel so that clamping projections at the ends of the legs engage in the recessed formations. In a collapsed condition, the panels are stacked and the clamp engaged about the edges to retain the panels in an overlying stacked relationship and also to retain a complete set of clamps with the stacked panels.

Abstract: A holder holding capacitor elements is transported by a conveyor and brought into an electrolyte impregnating tank, which is then closed up by a cover which is secured to a carrier movable laterally by a linkage and is moved vertically by a swingable link. A vacuum pump is operated to vacuumize the electrolyte impregnating tank, and then an electrolyte to supplying circuit is operated to supply the electrolyte into the tank of a predetermined vacuum, so that the capacitor elements may be impregnated with the electrolyte by the minus pressure of vacuum. An absorbing device with a pump is operated to absorb the extra electrolyte around the capacitor elements which are placed in the device.

Abstract: A structural support system for a wind driven power plant includes a plurality of circular support frames that are supported relative to a stationary foundation by support columns. The support frames are mounted coincident with and spaced along a support-system longitudinal axis with each frame having a circular inner and a circular outer support ring. Axially directed stringers are connected to and extend between respective inner and outer support rings with associated stiffners to provide a structurally enhanced framework for supporting wind driven power plants. The support columns are preferably hinged to the foundation to permit the columns to be fabricated at ground level and pivoted into an upright position for connection to the associated support frames to provide the completed structure.

Abstract: A system for producing electrolyte impregnated capacitor elements comprises a reforming device for reforming the leads of capacitor elements which are brought thereto, a clutch device for clutching the reformed capacitor elements, an aligning device for aligning a predetermined number of the reformed capacitor elements, a holding device holding the aligned capacitor elements, an electrolyte impregnating vessel receiving the aligned capacitor elements to impregnate with the electrolyte, a blow-off device for blowing off the excess amount of electrolyte from the electrolyte impregnating capacitor elements, and transmission devices each operated in a predetermined sequence to transmit the capacitor elements between the above mentioned capacitor element treating devices.

Abstract: The invention discloses an auxiliary head lamp device for a car equipped with a cover which is optionally fitted to a car and is lit during driving in fog or the like. The cover of this device can be opened when a solenoid of a cover driving mechanism is energized by operating a switch disposed inside the room of the car. The solenoid releases engagement of a stopper that restricts the cover urged in the opening direction. The switch may be used also as a switch for a light source bulb. After the solenoid is energized and the opening operation of the cover starts, a current to the solenoid is automatically cut off so that over-heat or burn-out of the solenoid that would occur if the current is continuously applied thereto can be prevented.

Abstract: This invention discloses an auxiliary head lamp device for a car equipped with a cover, which head lamp is optionally fitted to a car, is lit when driving in fog and is equipped with a cover that can be opened by remote switching operation. The cover of this head lamp device is opened when a solenoid of a cover driving mechanism is energized by operating a switch disposed inside the room of the car. The solenoid may have a function of releasing the cover from a stopper which restricts the cover from moving in its opening direction. The switch may be used also as a switch for the bulb of the auxiliary head lamp. An electric circuit including two thermostat switches for preventing over-heat of the solenoid is preferably employed. The solenoid may be in deenergized state while keeping the bulb lit. A device equipped with a rotary solenoid for directly opening and closing the cover is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for closely covering with a plastic film at least one surface of a base sheet such as identification card to improve the durability of the base sheet and to prevent any unauthorized alteration of information described thereon. The above apparatus includes a pair of conveying and pressing rollers and a heat radiation lamp incorporated therein to heat the circumference of at least one of the rollers. The base sheet and the plastic film overlaid are preheated by direct heat from the heat radiation lamp while being conveyed toward the pair of rollers, thereby achieving a high-speed processing and prevention of base sheet deformation. Also disclosed is an apparatus equipped with a heat transmission member along the base sheet feed path of a base sheet travelling path. The heat transmission member is adapted to present the base sheet and the plastic film, and may be formed by a part of a reflector plate.

Abstract: A system for the conversion of wind energy to electric energy includes means for converting prevalent energy winds by use of the following: a "collecto-fin" that includes, from front to rear, a surface of a frustum of a right circular cone and one or more thin, flat circular rings to provide a difference in total pressure between the front and rear surfaces; an inner "stream-liner" that includes, from front to rear, a surface of a right circular cone, a surface of a cylinder, and a surface of a frustum of a right circular cone to conform to the slipstream boundary of the wind; an outer "stream-liner" that includes, from front to rear, a surface of a frustum of a right circular cone, a surface of a cylinder, and a surface of a right circular cone to conform to the slipstream boundary of the wind; and a wind turbine to conform to slipstream boundaries.

Abstract: A device for lighting a discharge lamp such as a xenon short-arc lamp is provided. The device includes a starter comprising a starter energizing capacitor connected to the boost voltage charging capacitor, a thyristor, a high voltage pulse transformer, a discharge gap, a starting capacitor, a diode and a Tesla coil. The starter is actuated with the energy charged in the boost voltage charging capacitor without any special power source therefor. The ignition voltage of the thyristor is higher than the output voltage of the power circuit of the ballast.

Abstract: A foam dispensing gun of the type having a disposable nozzle for mixing and dispensing separate fluid components of a resin system. The nozzle is retained on the gun by a sliding breech which also pivotally supports a valve actuating trigger to be in an operative position when the breech is moved to retain a nozzle to the gun and disabled when the breech is moved to release the nozzle for reloading. The breech and trigger may be further arranged so that the trigger is inoperative in the absence of a nozzle on the gun.

Abstract: A hybrid power system and method in which a piston engine prime mover having a direct crank shaft power output is combined with a kinetic energy storing flywheel and a variable speed transmission in a manner such that the flywheel serves both as a crank shaft flywheel and as a supply of kinetic energy used to augment the power developed by the prime mover, as a substitute for prime mover developed power or as an auxiliary source of power for continued operation of prime mover driven accessories while the prime mover is shut off. The system enables the storage of kinetic energy resulting from the momentum of an inertial load such as an automotive vehicle and in doing so, conserves the kinetic energy of vehicular deceleration and enables engine shut-down during intermittent operation such as operation of an automotive vehicle under city driving conditions. The variable speed transmission is preferably an infinitely variable or I.V.

Abstract: A reciprocation pump has a plurality of radially arranged pumping chambers each provided with a piston and operatively connected to an external liquid absorbing pipe and an external liquid discharging pipe, and has a central drive mechanism comprising drive members each directly connected to the corresponding one of the radially arranged pistons and a valve structure operated in association with the drive members by a pressure activated fluid injected into the pump at an external inlet thereof, said valve structure sending the pressure activated fluid into and out of the pump simultaneously during the operation thereof.

Abstract: A small weapons simulator in which a plurality of functioning and control modules are supported by a gun body having an exterior configuration to simulate a real weapon. The functioning modules include a laser beam transmitter to synthesize the trajectory of a bullet, recoil simulating means, sound simulating means and means to develop a lifting force on the forward portion of the gun body upon trigger actuation of the trigger, the recoil means and the sound simulating means to synthesize the characteristic of muzzle-rise on discharging a projectile from a weapon.