Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of superoxide dismutase and the superoxide dismutase so obtained. The superoxide dismutase obtained is extracted from marine bacterial strains and is characterized in that it comprises non-hematinic iron or copper and zinc, it has a molecular weight of about 33,000 to 40,000 .+-. 2500 and a pHi or isoelectric point of about 4 to 8.2 and it has maximum enzyme activity at a pH of about 8.5 to 10 with an optimum at about 9 to 9.5 and the use of said superoxide dismutases for the protection of oxidizable systems from auto-oxidation.

Abstract: The device measures electrical charges, an electrical voltage or an electrical current, present between two electrodes of which one is fixed and of which the other is mounted so as to be able to vibrate mechanically. One of the two electrodes is connected to ground. Energizing means apply an AC voltage V.sub.o of frequency f.sub.o between the two electrodes. Means are provided for detecting the amplitude of the mechanical vibrations of frequency f.sub.o of the vibrating electrode and means for measuring this amplitude, which is a function of the parameter to be measured. The means for detecting and measuring the amplitude of the mechanical vibrations is a piezo-electric element subject to these vibrations and an apparatus adapted to measure the AC voltage produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for converting straight chain saturated hydrocarbons into other saturated hydrocarbons, notably branched chain hydrocarbons. It consists in submitting these products to oxidation in liquid phase in the presence of a superacid such as HFSO.sub.3, the oxidizing agent being SO.sub.3 and/or an electric current. Straight chain saturated hydrocarbons containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms undergo polymerization to form hydrocarbons of higher molecular weight.

Abstract: The invention concerns the preparation of acicular particles of mixed oxalates of iron and of one or more metals of the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese, zinc, magnesium and cadmium. The method consists in preparing a first solution containing cations of iron and of the divalent metal or metals, and a second solution containing oxalic acid, one of the said solutions further containing Cl.sup.- and SO.sub.4.sup.2.sup.- anions and at least the second solution containing alcohol with preferably a light hydrocarbon. The first solution is poured very slowly (1 drop every 10 seconds) into the second one, conveniently at temperature below 0.degree. C, while the latter is strongly stirred. The concentration in alcohol is preferably maintained at at least 50% in the second solution during the whole pouring process which should be effected with at least a slight excess of oxalic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a herbicidal composition comprising an an effective amount of a compound of the formula: ##SPC1##In which Z is a hydrogen atom or a benzyl group optionally substituted at para-position with a halogen atom, R.sup.1 is either a group -OR in which R is an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms, a cyclohexyl or a lower phenylalkyl group, or a hydrazino group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent a hydrogen atom, a benzyl group, a group --COR.sup.4 in which R.sup.4 is a phenyl, lower alkyl or anilino group or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a phthalimido or succinimido group, and their acid addition salts. This composition has in particular an inhibiting activity on the growth of some dicotyledons.

Abstract: Olefins containing from 3 to 30 carbon atoms are directly oxidized to epoxides and allyl alcohols in the liquid phase by contact with a gas stream comprising oxygen but substantially free from hydrogen, in the presence of two metal compound catalysts which are soluble in the reaction mixture. The catalysts are preferably a compound of a Group VII or VIII metal and a compound of a Group VA or VIA transition metal.

Abstract: A plant for boning the meat of the half-carcass of a skinned beast, comprising a plurality of successive working stations where the still warm meat is removed by means of semi-automatic and automatic mechanical devices and, more precisely, on a first track, means for removal of the shoulder and means for cutting the neck and removing the fillet, top, top flank, thin flank, membrane, filet mignon and tail; on a second track, means for treating the cuts removed on the first track, e.g.: boning the leg and the "marrow bone", the blade bone being passed for stock purposes, boning the shoulder and, finally, on a third track followed by the residual carcass, means for boning the breast, the ribs and the thigh.

Abstract: An immunological product for the treatment of intestinal infections due to enterobacteria pathogenic to the infant.It consists of a serum of a horse hyperimmunized by means of cultures of enterobacteria pathogenic to the infant, of the type Echerichia coli and Salmonella, the serum being administered per os.This preventive or curative treatment by immunological means makes it possible to avoid the use of antibiotics, which have drawbacks and risks.

Abstract: Liquid crystals subjected to an electric field are stabilized by the addition of an electrochemically active and chemically stable material capable of undergoing reversible oxidation-reduction at the electrodes applying the field to the material. The invention is particularly for use in converting electric signals to optical signals.

Abstract: A rotary coupling of the torque limiter type comprises two bodies rotating axially one within the other, with intermediate connecting elements inserted between respective surfaces of said bodies and subject to the action of springs acting in the tangential direction. The connection between the two bodies is effected by means at least partially deformable adapted to rub coaxially on one of said bodies, thereby receiving the motion of the other body, through a drive device combined with elastic means of the torsion spring type. The elastic means may be constituted by at least one torsion bar arranged for example axially to the coupling. The intermediate connecting elements, receiving the effect of the torsion means, may be constituted by shoes.

Abstract: A device for correcting the frequency response of an electromechanical transducer, thus allowing said transducer to be used over a wide frequency band and set at or near its resonance frequency. The device includes a delay element having substantially the inverse transfer function of said transducer. An amplifier may be connected between said transducer and said delay element. Said delay element may comprise a variable delay line such as an adjustable length of coaxial cable, and may also include an integrated delay line.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing vaccines, which consists in bringing into contact a toxic product with glutaraldehyde at a concentration and for a duration just sufficient to detoxify or inactivate said toxic product, and in stopping the glutaraldehyde-antigen reaction as soon as said inactivation stage is reached by physical and/or chemical means. The thus obtained inactivate product remaining antigenic and retaining its immunizing power, is usable as a vaccine for the preventive treatment of human and animals against infections caused for example by microbial or venomous toxins.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of galactose which comprises (1) the cultivation of a mutant, non-pathogenic protoprophic yeast or bacteria possessing .beta.-galactosidase activity and a gal.sup.- character on a media containing lactose, e.g., lactoserum and (2) recovery of the galtose. The mutants are produced using two different methods. The galactose solutions produced are suitable for use in beverages.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of ethylenic compounds and to certain novel ethylenic compounds produced by the process.The process comprises the reaction of an appropriate carbonyl compound with a sulphone to obtain an alcohol sulphone which is then reduced to obtain the desired ethylenic compound.

Abstract: In a method for stabilizing the frequency of the stimulated radiation emitted by a laser, the radiation is subjected to a first rotation of its direction of polarization by applying a magnetic field to a material which exhibits the phenomenon of magnetic rotatory polarization and is placed in a two-mirror resonator. Anisotropic losses are introduced in the resonator so as to produce a second rotation of the direction of polarization, part of the radiation contained in the resonator is extracted and its direction of polarization D is measured. The direction D is held in a reference direction D.sub.O by measuring the difference between the two directions, by reducing this difference to zero and by modifying the value of the resonant frequency of the resonator.

Abstract: In a pulverising equipment for the production of frozen minced meat, essentially consisting of a pulveriser followed by a malaxator, there is provided means for causing the passage, across the pulverised meat, while it is being stirred in the malaxator, of refrigerated air from which the water vapor has been extracted by condensation. The refrigerated air picks up moisture from the meat, and the moisture (in the form of water vapor) is later condensed out at freezing temperatures as low as -10 to -20 degrees centigrade. This eliminates most of the pathogenic germs from the final product.

Abstract: Spectrometric gratings formed by holographic techniques are disclosed. The gratings are employed in monochromator mounts of the type in which fixed entrance and exit slits are combined with simple rotation of the grating to scan the spectral range of interest, the angles of incidence and diffraction and the positions of the slits being so related that the mounts are characterized by improved optical performance due to phase balancing and improved focussing properties according both to geometrical and diffraction theories. The parameters involved in the holographic formation of the gratings, specifically the angularities and positions of the point sources forming the holographic image of the grating lines, are specifically related to the characteristics of the mount as to improve further their optical characteristics, particularly with respect to mounts either employing "normal" (i.e., relatively small) angles of incidence with large grating apertures or employing grazing incidence (i.e.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the grafting a chain on to the 10-position carbon atom of a tricyclene skeleton, more particularly for producing 10-substituted stereospecific tricyclenes, especially cis-.alpha.-santalene and cis-.alpha.-santalol. The process involves the production of a sulphone of the tricyclene, the reaction of the sulphone with the halogenated derivative of the desired side chain and desulphonating the product.

Abstract: A thermally controlled microscope stage assembly for use in measuring transformation temperatures between -180.degree. and +600.degree.C. The stage assembly includes a thick-walled platen with a resistance heater in an annular cavity adjacent a specimen chamber and a cooling channel arranged along the periphery of the platen for, respectively, heating and cooling the specimen chamber. The platen has a lighting well disposed along the optical axis of the associated microscope. A condenser is built in the lighting bore and includes a pair of axially spaced plano-spherical fused quartz lenses both with their spherical surface facing the incident illuminating beam. The lens closer to the microscope has its plane surface, which defines its isophote plane, level with the upper surface of the platen. The specimen chamber is defined by the top surface of the platen, a thick-walled annular member seated on the platen and a thin transparent plate member.

Abstract: The laser comprises an amplifying medium which sustains the oscillation within two resonators, one resonator being formed by the mirrors M.sub.1 and M'.sub.1 and the other being formed by the mirrors M.sub.2 and M'.sub.2. The quality factor of the second resonator is higher than that of the first resonator. The time-duration of the pulse extracted from the first resonator is adjusted by modifying the quality factor of the second resonator.The double-resonator laser serves to generate pulses of very small width, especially in dye lasers, and to adjust pulse-widths in such applications as telemetry.