Abstract: A intravascular heat exchange catheter includes a catheter body having a proximal end connectable with a heat exchange fluid source and a distal end insertable into the vasculature of a patient to facilitate heat transfer with flowing blood. The core has at least one heat exchange fluid lumen for circulating heat exchange fluid within the catheter body. A heat exchanger, e.g. a balloon surrounds a portion of the proximal end of the catheter. The heat exchanger is in fluid communication with the heat exchange fluid lumen for enabling heat exchange fluid from the heat exchange fluid source to circulate through the core and the balloon. A wire, or similar retainer, wraps around the balloon to seal the balloon against the core, forming at least two heat exchange lumens between the balloon and the core.

Abstract: A method of regulating the temperature of a patient by inserting a heat exchange catheter into a colon of a patient. The heat exchange catheter is inflated with a heat exchange fluid from a temperature control unit wherein the heat exchange fluid is not infused into the patient. The heat exchange catheter has a catheter body with an inflow lumen, an outflow lumen, and an irrigation lumen for irrigating the colon.

Abstract: A system for controlling patient temperature uses a central venous line catheter having axially spaced distal and proximal heat exchange balloons. The central venous line catheter is provided with one or more lumens for providing access to the central blood supply of the patient, and with additional lumens for communicating heat exchange fluid to the balloons. Heat exchange fluid temperature is controlled through a feed back loop in which patient temperature is sensed and used to control a temperature control unit comprising a heating device and/or a cooling device in heat exchange relationship with the heat exchange fluid. A tubing set transports the heat exchange fluid between the central venous line and the temperature control unit, with a pump serving to circulate the fluid in a closed fluid circuit in the system.

Abstract: A system for controlling patient temperature uses a central venous line catheter having axially spaced distal and proximal heat exchange balloons. The central venous line catheter is provided with one or more lumens for providing access to the central blood supply of the patient, and with additional lumens for communicating heat exchange fluid to the balloons. Heat exchange fluid temperature is controlled through a feed back loop in which patient temperature is sensed and used to control a temperature control unit comprising a heating device and/or a cooling device in heat exchange relationship with the heat exchange fluid. A tubing set transports the heat exchange fluid between the central venous line and the temperature control unit, with a pump serving to circulate the fluid in a closed fluid circuit in the system.

Abstract: A Foley catheter has redundant temperature sensors to enable use of the Foley catheter with a patient heating system, such as one relying on a vascular heat exchange catheter. The temperature sensors electronically couple with a control unit, which obtains a primary temperature reading from one of the temperature sensors and obtains a secondary temperature reading from the other temperature. The control unit compares the primary and secondary temperature reading to determine a sensor temperature difference. When the sensor temperature difference exceeds a predetermined value, then the control unit activates an alarm, shuts down the patient heating system, or both.

Abstract: Catheters adapted to exchange heat with a body fluid flowing through a body conduit employ helical elongate lumens for heat transfer with the body fluid. The helical elongate lumen of a catheter forms multiple turns extending longitudinally of a portion of the catheter with the turns each being bonded to the catheter along a fraction of the length of the turn. The length of the lumen and its orientation in each turn has the lumen otherwise displaced over a major portion of its length from the elongate body. The turns of the helical lumen can be arranged in sets having different lengths to encounter all areas of the flow. One or more infusion lumens may also extend to an infusion port or ports. The helical elongate lumen is defined by an elongate, thin-walled element. This lumen is in fluid communication with a heater/chiller supplying a working fluid for heat transfer through the wall of the elongate element defining the helical elongate lumen.

Abstract: A catheter with three spiral heat exchange elements surrounding a central supply tube and communicating with a source of heat exchange fluid in a closed loop for effecting patient temperature control and at least two infusion lumens for providing access to the central venous blood supply when the catheter is placed in the central venous system. An anchor can be provided to suture or tape the catheter to the skin of a patient.

Abstract: A cooling system for an indwelling heat exchange catheter includes a heat exchange bath that is configured to receive a conduit that carries saline to and from the catheter. A heating/cooling fluid is in the bath and exchanges heat with the saline. The heating/cooling fluid flows through a heat exchanger that includes a refrigerant and a variable speed DC compressor for removing heat from the refrigerant. A coolant pump circulates the heating/cooling fluid between the heat exchanger and the heat exchange bath.

Abstract: A central venous catheter includes coolant supply and return lumens which communicate coolant to and from first and second heat exchange membranes arranged along the distal segment of the catheter. The coolant in the heat exchange membranes removes heat from the patient. Additional lumens are provided for conventional central venous catheter uses.

Abstract: A Foley catheter has redundant temperature sensors to enable use of the Foley catheter with a patient heating system, such as one relying on a vascular heat exchange catheter. The temperature sensors electronically couple with a control unit, which obtains a primary temperature reading from one of the temperature sensors and obtains a secondary temperature reading from the other temperature. The control unit compares the primary and secondary temperature reading to determine a sensor temperature difference. When the sensor temperature difference exceeds a predetermined value, then the control unit activates an alarm, shuts down the patient heating system, or both.

Abstract: A cardiopulmonary bypass patient is precooled using an indwelling catheter. Cardiopulmonary bypass is initiated when a target temperature or range are achieved, as determined by automatic temperature feedback provided to a control module. The patient may also be rewarmed at a controlled rate during or after termination of cardiopulmonary bypass such that faster and safer termination is realized.

Abstract: A catheter with metal heat exchange elements communicating with a source of coolant in a closed loop for effecting patient temperature control and at least two infusion lumens for providing access to the central venous blood supply when the catheter is placed in the central venous system. An anchor can be provided to suture or tape the catheter to the skin of a patient.

Abstract: A controller for a heat exchanger that heats and cools saline flowing through a closed loop heat exchange catheter cools the saline to achieve a target temperature, and then immediately upon reaching target temperature heats the saline. Upon detection of, e.g., a slight patient temperature rise, the controller cools the saline again, with the control loop continuing to tightly control patient temperature in a narrow band around the target temperature.

Abstract: A catheter is adapted to exchange heat with a body fluid, such as blood, flowing in a body conduit, such as a blood vessel. The catheter includes a shaft with a heat exchange region disposed at its distal end. This region may include at least one balloon which is adapted to receive a remotely cooled heat exchange fluid preferably flowing in a direction counter to that of the body fluid. Embodiments including multiple balloons enhance the surface area of contact, and the mixing of both the heat exchange and the body fluid. The catheter can be positioned to produce hypothermia in a selective area of the body without cooling the entire body system. It is of particular advantage in brain surgeries where stroke, trauma or cryogenic tumors can best be addressed under hypothermic conditions. Heat pipe technology can be used to form a heat pipe heat exchange catheter. The heat pipe heat exchange catheter includes metallic bellows which allow for flexibility.

Abstract: An indwelling RF catheter achieves warming of patients by dielectric heating of blood or other bodily fluids. In one example, the catheter is deployed in a suitable blood vessel, such as the inferior vena cava. The catheter design includes an emitter structure electrically coupled to an RF generator, which provides a source of RF power. The emitter structure, distally located upon the catheter, administers electromagnetic radiation to the blood within the patient, thereby creating heat due to the dielectric qualities of blood. As blood heated by the indwelling RF catheter courses through the patient's body, the patient's body is systemically warmed, raising the body core temperature.

Abstract: A catheter and a method of using the catheter are disclosed that serve to create an efficient and rapid controlled manner of regulating a patient's body temperature. The catheter is a heat exchange catheter insertable into a blood vessel of a patient, circulating a heat exchange fluid therein, and including a spiral-shaped inflatable balloon that mixes laminar layers of the heat exchange fluid flowing inside the balloon.

Abstract: A method for treating cardiac arrest includes defibrillating the patient and/or ventilating the patient and/or administering a cardiac arrest drug such as epinephrine to resuscitate the patient, and then cooling the patient's body temperature using one or more cooling catheters positioned in the central venous system of the patient and/or particularly cooling the patient's brain temperature using a catheter advanced into the aortic arch or into the carotid artery whereby a bolus of cold saline solution is introduced into the blood supplied to the brain to lower the brain temperature quickly, and further cooling or maintaining the brain temperature at a desired level by pumping coolant in a closed circuit formation between the catheter and the coolant source to remove heat from the blood supplied to the patient's brain.

Abstract: A catheter adapted for heat exchange within a body includes a shaft with at least one input lumen and at least one output lumen in fluid communication with one or more elongate elements which each include a heat transfer lumen. The elongate element is arranged in one or more lengths which include heat transfer lumens being folded into first elongate substantially parallel and juxtaposed portions arranged either in series or parallel or both with adjacent wings. The juxtaposed portions are arranged together in planes extending radially from the center axis of the assembly and are equiangularly placed about that axis. The ends of the portions may be bonded together to create the radial plane. An infusion lumen may extend through the heat transfer assembly with an open end for infusing into the blood stream or sampling therefrom.

Abstract: An over-the-wire heat exchange catheter includes a heat transfer extension having at least one supply lumen and at least one return lumen for circulating heat exchange fluid within the catheter. The catheter has a distal tip and valve attached to the distal tip. The valve automatically seals the distal tip around a guidewire or a mandrel to seal the heat transfer extension and inhibit escape of the heat transfer fluid from the heat transfer extension.

Abstract: A catheter is adapted to exchange heat with a body fluid, such as blood, flowing in a body conduit, such as a blood vessel. The catheter includes a shaft with a heat exchange region disposed at its distal end. This region may include hollow fibers which are adapted to receive a remotely cooled heat exchange fluid preferably flowing in a direction counter to that of the body fluid. The hollow fibers enhance the surface area of contact, as well as the mixing of both the heat exchange fluid and the body fluid. The catheter can be positioned to produce hypothermia in a selective area of the body or alternatively positioned to systemically cool the entire body system.