Abstract: For extraction of juice from fruits and vegetables a process is used in which first the raw material is crushed in a crushing device (1) and separated in a screening device (2) from the solid components, then liquefied by physical cell breakdown, and the raw juice is clarified in a filtration device (9). In this connection, device (8, 27, 32) for the physical cell breakdown can be integrated into filtration device (9) or into filtration module (13) of a membrane filtration device.

Abstract: To extract the juice from fruits and vegetables, a process is used in which first the raw material is crushed in a mill (1) and then fed to a pulping machine (2) and a membrane filtration device (4). Before membrane filtration device (4), a liquefaction stage (3) is provided in which the raw material is liquefied enzymatically or physically only to the extent that a considerable portion of the mash can be run through membrane filtration device (4). The main breakdown of the cells occurs in the retentate of membrane filtration device (4) by a downstream device (5) for chemical or physical cell breakdown.

Abstract: For the extraction of juice pulp from fruits, berries and/or vegetables the raw material, which may consist of whole fruits, is first comminuted in a comminuting device (1) and subsequently squeezed out with the help of a press (2). Press (2) is constructed in such a way, that together with the juice separated from the raw material, a high proportion of valuable cell material is pressed off. Through this process a viscous juice pulp results, which subsequently is further processed for refining purposes, for example for the manufacture of clear juice, in a crossflow filtration device (7) which follows press (2). Through the process according to the invention the quality of the refined products as well as the economy of the unit and the yield are significantly improved, especially in connection with a recycling press (4) assigned to press (2).

Abstract: To detachably fasten and secure a drainage element (3) on pressing plate (1) of a fruit press, the end of drainage element (3) provided with an insert (4) is inserted into sleeve (5) of pressing plate (1). On sleeve (5) there is placed a retaining ring (7) made as a flat spring ring that carries several cams (9, 10) on its inner periphery. In sleeve wall (12) there are slots (11) in which cams (9, 10) engage. While cams (9) are used to fix retaining ring (7) and to secure sleeve (5) axially, cam (10) is guided through sleeve wall (12) and engages in a recess (13) of insert (4) so that drainage element (3) is secured against axial movement and torsion.

Abstract: Blocks with a casing composed of upper and lower parts are produced by inserting the upper and lower parts in an inserting device above and below pushing elements between upper and lower pressing dies of a press, displacing by the pushing elements the lower part in a chamber of a mold towards the lower pressing die and the upper part towards the upper pressing die with self-releasable holding on the latter, withdrawing the inserting device from a pressing region between the upper and lower pressing dies, and cyclically repeating these steps in synchronism with a working stroke of the press.

Abstract: For continuous production of dealcoholized beverages, a substrate consisting of fruit or berry juice, grape juice or beer wort is first preclarified in a microfiltration device (2) and sterilized and then fermented by immobilized microorganisms in the fluid bed process in a tower fermenter (3). Support particles (12), which are kept in suspension in tower fermenter (3) and to which the microorganisms are bonded, guarantee an effective biomass retention. After fermentation in tower fermenter (3), the raw juice is freed of alcohol in a dealcoholization device (24) and then clarified in an ultrafiltration or microfiltration device (27). The process taking place in a continuous product line makes possible an especially economical and productive operation of the unit.

Abstract: For selective removal of volatile substances from liquids, the initial liquid is fed to a crosscurrent diaphragm separation device (2), in which the permeate consisting of water and volatile substances is separated by increased transdiaphragm pressure and concentration difference. Then, the permeate is fed into a further liquid-volatile separation device (8), in which the alcohol is distilled out. The permeate now only consisting of water, salts, acids and extracts is then fed back into the crosscurrent diaphragm separation device (2), where it flows through the permeate side in countercurrent to the flow of the retenate. Excess permeate can be introduced into the dealcoholized initial liquid. By the process according to the invention the economic efficiency of the unit and the quality of the end product are significantly improved.

Abstract: For aftertreatment of clarified juices, the juice is brought into contact with an agent, e.g., PVPP, and is filtered in a crossflow filtration device (11) and the aftertreated juice is separated as permeate from the agent. The agent can be regenerated by the addition of water and lye either inside or outside the unit. After regeneration, the lye is again flushed out by diafiltration on the permeate side of crossflow filtration device (11). With the aid of crossflow filtration, the economic efficiency and the universal applicability with respect to the use of agents of the unit can be considerably increased and the treatment quality of the juice can be improved.

Abstract: An apparatus for charging an open mold with a plasticized material to produce molded plastic parts has a movable endless belt to define a surface upon which is received a plurality of masses of plastic material in a predetermined arrangement after the material has been plasticized. Each mass has a predetermined shape approximating the capacity of a mold cavity into which the mass is to be fed. The endless belt has a charge station position in which plasticized material is discharge onto the belt and the entire belt can be fed from the charge station position into such a position with respect to an open mold cavity that a mass of plastic material is fed from the belt surface into the mold cavity.

Abstract: In an agricultural machine movable over the ground in a prearranged direction and capable of conditioning stalked goods, including a rotor member defining a periphery and rotatable in use about a main axis substantially parallel to the ground, and a channel forming member adjacent the rotor member and establishing therewith a guide channel for guiding goods therethrough, a brush arrangement is mounted on one of the members operatively conditioning and sweeping the goods through the guide channel, and conveying prongs are connected to the rotor member at selected portions of its periphery.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for extracting a liquid from a filtered residual substance, such as retentate resulting from an ultrafiltration during fining or clarification of raw juice from agricultural products. The residues are mixed with the expressed pomace in a separate processing and the mixture is subjected to a further juice extraction.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for degassing liquids, particularly raw juices from fruits and berries. The liquid which is to be clarified or liquid residues remaining after clarification are subjected to degassing while circulating in a processing installation. A vacuum producing device is provided through which the liquids are circulated.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for degassing liquids, particularly raw juices from fruits and berries. The liquid which is to be clarified or liquid residues remaining after clarification are subjected to degassing while circulating in a processing installation. A vacuum producing device is provided through which the liquids are circulated.

Abstract: In a method of, and an apparatus for accelerating air or gas exchange during cyclical operation of a pressure chamber with the aid of a pumping device connected to the pressure chamber, and with the aid of a compressor for at least partially compressing the air or gas, the steps include filling the pressure chamber with compressed air or gas through the compressor, thereafter discharging the air or gas from the pressure chamber, and operating the pumping device during at least one of the filling or discharging steps.

Abstract: A device for stabilizing against roll in a vehicle has the longitudinally disposed central frame members and a rigid axle is attached at the outer end of each frame member. The central frame members are constructed as trapezoidal shaped torque frames tapering toward their inner opposed ends. The shorter parallel sides which are the opposed inner ends of the trapezoidal torque frames are pivotably mounted at their midpoints to the vehicle chassis and each central frame member is resiliently supported at the opposite longitudinal sides of the chassis by laterally attached links pivotably mounted on a torsion rod the ends of which are movably supported from the vehicle frame.

Abstract: A compression extractor is disclosed. The compression extractor comprises a tank having a flexible membrane mounted therein. The membrane serves to divide the tank into a mash chamber and a pressure chamber. The mash chamber is adapted to receive a fruit mash or other liquid containing material from which liquid is to be extracted. When a pressure medium is introduced into the pressure chamber, the membrane presses on the mash in the mash chamber to extract the liquid therefrom. A liquid collection system is provided to collect the extracted liquid. To improve collection of the extracted liquid, the side of membrane facing the mash chamber is covered at least in part, with drainage canals or the like to direct liquid located near the membrane to the liquid collection system.

Abstract: A method of preparation or conditioning of stalk agricultural products includes formation of a field or a space in which an electrical potential difference forms current- and spark shocks. An arrangement includes supports provided with electrodes which are arranged in pairs opposite to one another, and the support forms therebetween a feeding passage for the product. One of the supports can be formed as a driven organ. The arrangement can be associated with a mowing mechanism.

Abstract: A processing apparatus for agricultural stalk-shaped products, and wherein the products are adapted to be formed into a stream of products following cutting thereof from the ground, includes a rotatably driven conveyor element with a plurality of approximately radially outwardly extending conveyor tools separated from one another by gaps, and operatively defining a trajectory, a guidance element defining a plurality of openings, cooperating with the conveyor element for guiding the products, and forming with the conveyor element a guidance channel extending transversely to the stream of products, and wherein the guidance element intersects the trajectory near the front end and near the rear end of the guidance channel, so that the conveyor tools project at least partially outwardly through corresponding openings in the guidance element.

Abstract: A press for extracting fluid from fluid-containing matter so as to separate the fluid from the remaining matter, particularly for dejuicing of agricultural products, primarily fruit, includes a rotatably supported container, and at least one flexible membrane which can be actuated by exerting pressure thereon. The membrane is disposed in the container, and subdivides the container so as to define a pressure chamber and a press space therein. At least one wall surrounds the press space, and the pressure chamber has an inlet conduit and an outlet conduit for a pressure medium. Flexible drainage devices are located at least partly on the wall, and extend into the press space.

Abstract: In a press operable for movements of proof plate exchangeably mounted on an end of a press die into and out of a mold, and wherein the proof plate normally does not exceed a position wherein its topmost portion is at most flush with a topmost portion of the mold during the movements, the improvement includes a drive device independent of the movements for moving the proof plate beyond the topmost portion of the mold, so that the proof plate projects through the mold, and is thereby freely accessible for the purpose of being replaced.