Abstract: An apparatus and method for a feature extraction network based brain machine interface is disclosed. A set of neural sensors sense neural signals from the brain. A feature extraction module is coupled to the set of neural sensors to extract a set of features from the sensed neural signals. Each feature is extracted via a feature engineering module having a convolutional filter and an activation function. The feature engineering modules are each trained to extract the corresponding feature. A decoder is coupled to the feature extraction module. The decoder is trained to determine a kinematics output from a pattern of the plurality of features. An output interface provides control signals based on the kinematics output from the decoder.

Abstract: Medical diagnostic devices and related methods of use are described in which one or multiple coils in a sensor, each coil connected with an RLC circuit and frequency counter, are held against a patient's head at predetermined cranial locations. Frequencies of the RLC circuit are measured and compared against those taken from known, control heads, to determine whether there is a medical problem and what type of problem. In some instances, too high of frequencies can reveal pooled blood in the head, a sign of hemorrhagic stroke, while too low of frequencies imply lack of blood supply, a sign of ischemic stroke. A head-mountable frame can assist a first responder in securing and guiding the coils and, along with fiducials, allow for automatic comparison of frequencies with the correct control data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein include methods and compositions for modulating sodium appetite and/or intake. In some embodiments, the sodium appetite of a subject is reduced. Also disclosed include methods for identifying modulators for sodium appetite and/or intake.

Abstract: An air transport vehicle that capitalizes on the strengths and complexities of a fixed and rotary winged aircraft. The air transport vehicle comprises a body aerodynamically designed to avoid substantial drag. The vehicle has a plurality of rotors configured to generate vertical thrust with a rear rotor configured to generate forward thrust. Additionally, each of the rotors are connected to the fixed wing elements and the fixed wing is positioned about the center of mass of the fuselage. Furthermore, each of the rotors are positioned at a fixed tilt angle such that the stability of the vehicle is maintained in a number of different flight configurations.

Abstract: Disclosed are example embodiments of methods and systems for inducing drug to thoroughly mix in a patient's vitreous humor. One of the systems includes: a heat transfer pad that transfer heat to or from the eyeball; and a control module electronically coupled to the heat transfer pad for controlling one or more heat transfer elements disposed thereon.

Abstract: Provided herein are three-dimensional ion transport networks and current collectors for electrodes of electrochemical cells. Exemplary electrodes include interconnected layers and channels including an electrolyte to facilitate ion transport. Exemplary electrodes also include three dimensional current collectors, such as current collectors having electronically conducting rods, electronically conducting layers or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A process for fabricating a light detector with one or more antireflection (AR) and/or bandpass filter coatings deposited thereon by area-selective atomic layer deposition (ALD). The AR coatings may comprise a metal oxide or a metal fluoride, such as AlF3, Al2O3, and/or HfO2, and the bandpass filter coatings may comprise solar-blind bandpass filter coatings. The AR and/or bandpass filter coatings may be deposited with different thicknesses on different portions of the light detector using an intentional and controllable patterning by a lithography-based process. As a result, the AR and/or bandpass filter coatings provide a butcher-block style response profile with each of the different portions of the light detector targeting a specific bandpass of light. The AR and/or bandpass filter coatings comprise a linear variable filter (LVF) that provides a spatially varying response by the light detector.

Abstract: A complex-wavefront photonic transceiver including a coherent source; a complex transmitter waveform generator programmable to modulate a first portion of the coherent electromagnetic radiation, when received from the coherent source, to form a complex waveform comprising at least a pre-distortion to compensate for, or an adaptive beamforming to determine, a distortion of the complex waveform caused by at least the transceiver or during transmission of the complex waveform to a receiver aperture, the receiver aperture outputting receiver signals in response thereto; and a transmitter aperture for transmitting the complex waveform when received from the complex transmitter waveform generator. The transceiver further includes a receiver processor programmable to determine a phase and amplitude of the complex waveform, when received on the receiver aperture, from a combination of the received signals with a second portion of the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for making a freeze-cast material having a internal structure, the methods comprising steps of: determining the internal structure of the material, the internal structure having a plurality of pores, wherein: each of the plurality of pores has directionality; and the step of determining comprises: selecting a temperature gradient and a freezing front velocity to obtain the determined internal structure based on the selected temperature gradient and the selected freezing front velocity; directionally freezing a liquid formulation to form a frozen solid, the step of directionally freezing comprising: controlling the temperature gradient and the freezing front velocity to match the selected temperature gradient and the selected freezing front velocity during directionally freezing; wherein the liquid formulation comprises at least one solvent and at least one dispersed species; and subliming the at least one solvent out of the frozen solid to form the material.

Abstract: An antenna, includes in part, a metal piece formed on a surface of a substrate and configure to radiate electromagnetic waves, a metal feed formed in the substrate and configure to supply electrical signal to the metal piece, and a multitude of metallic walls formed in the substrate and enclosing the metal piece. The antenna may be a patch antenna, a monopole antenna, or a dipole antenna. Each metallic wall may include a via that is fully or partially filled by a metal, or an electroplated tub formed in the substrate. The antenna further includes, in part, a metallic trace formed on the surface of the substrate and enclosing the antenna. The substrate may be a printed circuit board.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of coating a detector. The method includes: providing the detector including a detector surface; performing a planarization process to the detector surface; performing a piranha clean process to the planarized surface; performing a slight etch to the piranha cleaned surface; performing an ammonium fluoride etching step to the slight etched surface to create a decontaminated surface. The decontaminated surface is an atomically flat silicon surface with surface and subsurface damage and contamination significantly reduced. A multilayer 2D-doped layer may be epitaxially grown on the decontaminated surface. The detector may provide high quantum efficiency with uniform and stable performance from room temperature to cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract: Some implementations of the disclosure relate to a wearable biosensor device including an iontophoresis module configured to stimulate production of a sweat sample from skin of a user, the sweat sample including biomarkers; a microfluidic module configured to collect the sweat sample, mix the sweat sample with labeled detection reagents to obtain a mixture including the biomarkers bound to the labeled detection reagents, and route the mixture to a detection reservoir of the microfluidic module; and a sensor assembly including a bioaffinity sensor configured to quantify the biomarkers of the mixture in the detection reservoir to determine a concentration of the biomarkers present in the sweat sample. The bioaffinity sensor includes an electrode functionalized to bind to the biomarkers of the mixture. The bioaffinity sensor can quantify the biomarkers to determine their concentration with a sensitivity on the order nanomoles or picomoles.

Abstract: Systems and methods for catalyzed asymmetric bipolar membranes are described. Catalyzed asymmetric bipolar membranes can sustain desired current densities under low operational voltage for prolonged time periods. Catalyzed asymmetric bipolar membranes can be implemented in electrodialysis cells for various applications such as carbon capture.

Abstract: Systems and method for detecting light emitting biomarkers are described. The detection systems can be tuned to detect desired wavelengths emitted from biomarkers. The compact and cost-effective detection systems can provide detection results of the biomarkers in a timely manner.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of making core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles, and to electrodes comprising the same. The core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles and electrodes comprising them are suitable for use in electrochemical cells, such as fluoride shuttle batteries. The shell may protect the metal core from oxidation, including in an electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, an electrochemically active structure includes a dimensionally changeable active material forming a particle that expands or contracts upon reaction with or release of fluoride ions. One or more particles are at least partially surrounded with a fluoride-conducting encapsulant and optionally one or more voids are formed between the active material and the encapsulant using sacrificial layers or selective etching. When the electrochemically active structures are used in secondary batteries, the presence of voids can accommodate dimensional changes of the active material.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to modified tryptophan synthase and more particularly to modified beta-subunits of tryptophan synthase. The disclosure further relates to cells expressing such modified subunits and methods of producing non-canonical amino acids.

Abstract: A method for abnormality detection in an energy unit includes passively detecting an abnormality in an energy unit by detecting electromagnetic radiation generated by the abnormality, the energy unit comprising at least one of an electrical energy unit and an electrochemical energy unit. A method for detecting an abnormality in an energy unit includes (a) applying a signal to the energy unit, (b) performing a plurality of measurements, at a respective plurality of different locations within the energy unit, of a response of the energy unit to the signal, and (c) processing the plurality of measurements to identify the abnormality.

Abstract: A lens-less 3-D imaging device includes, in part, a multitude of optical receiving elements positioned along a concave or flat surface defining a focal zone of the imaging device. Each optical receiving element has a field of view that overlaps with a field of view of a number of other optical receiving elements. The optical receiving elements may optionally be grating couplers or photo detectors. The optical receiving elements may be disposed on a circuit board. The circuit board may be flexible and include control circuitry configured to form the image in accordance with the received responses of the optical receiving elements and further in accordance with the optical transfer functions of the of optical receiving elements. The circuit boards may include one or more flex sensors or strain gauges adapted to determine their curvatures.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing executable instructions to cause a system to detect a genetic variation in a polynucleotide analyte in a sample. A fluorophore is attached to a first primer, a quencher is attached to a second primer, and the first primer and the second primer are specific for the polynucleotide analyte. The primers are configured to amplify the polynucleotide analyte having the genetic variation and a corresponding polynucleotide analyte lacking the generic variation. There is a detectable difference between a measured change in signal generated by the fluorophore and quencher, when using the first and second primers to amplify the polynucleotide analyte with the genetic variation, and a change in signal generated by the fluorophore and quencher, when using the first and second primers to amplify the corresponding polynucleotide analyte lacking the genetic variation.

Abstract: A method for processing a surface, comprising obtaining a substrate comprising an epitaxially grown semiconductor; reacting a surface of the semiconductor and/or a surface of a dielectric layer on the semiconductor, with a reactant comprising a gas or a plasma, to form a reactive layer on the dielectric layer and/or the semiconductor, wherein the reactive layer comprises a chemical compound including the reactant and elements of the dielectric layer or the semiconductor; and processing (e.g.