Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking unit equipped with multiple feed injection points along the length of the riser is operated such that portions of the same fresh feed are charged to different feed injection points. Preferably, the hydrocarbon fresh feed can be split into two or more non-distinct fractions, with one fraction charged to the bottom injection point along the length of the riser reactor, and the remaining fractions charged to injection points progressively higher up along the length of the riser reactor with the temperature of the upper injection feed fractions being different from that of the lowest injection point fraction prior to entry into the FCC riser reactor. Hydrocarbon products from the cracking process can be recycled to one or more of the various injection points along the length of the riser.

Abstract: A physically intermixed catalyst system comprising two distinctly different catalytic particles, the first of which is a hydrodenitrification and/or hydrodesulfurization catalyst and the second of which is a relatively active hydrocracking catalyst, wherein the catalyst particles of both catalytic components are substantially the same size, that is the effective diameter of each catalyst component is substantially the same. The catalyst system of the present invention can be layered with unmixed catalysts. The novel systems of the present invention have been found to provide surprisingly good selectivity for liquid products and stability against catalyst fouling when used in combined hydrotreating and hydrocracking applications, and can therefore be used to provide a stable catalyst system which offers even heat distribution and reactor control in such applications.

Abstract: A self-regulating apparatus and method for measuring the components of a multiphase petroleum stream includes initially stratifying an incoming petroleum stream into substantially liquid and gas streams. The initial fluid stratification allows a flow-splitting separation to occur as the streams first enter a vertical separation tube. By positioning the inflow line eccentric to the vertical separation tube, a liquid vortex is created by the incoming liquid component to further enhance the liquid/gas separation. The liquid component is then drawn off by a liquid flow line also eccentrically positioned on the vertical separator, thereby minimizing the energy dissipation of the liquid vortex. Both the gas and liquid components can then be individually measured before being recombined at a common outflow port for discharge.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring and compensating for the impact of environmental effects on industrial processing units. A thermal test element having a low thermal mass and high conductivity is exposed to the environment. Ambient air temperature is sensed at a nearby location, and a differential temperature controller determines how much energy is required to maintain the test element at a desired temperature differential from ambient temperature. Duty cycle and wattage outputs enable feedforward compensation for environmentally induced process unit control disturbances.

Abstract: The present invention deals with separating well fluids produced from a gas condensate reservoir into a condensate phase and a gas phase. The invention provides combining two stage separation, a stabilizer column and gas processing systems to achieve increased liquid yield and dry gas for take off (export) with much lower energy costs and capital costs. First stage separation pressure is maintained between 600 psi and 1500 psi. Second stage separation pressure is maintained at a higher pressure than that required to achieve the liquid vapor pressure specification, usually between 400 psig and 600 psig. The stabilizing column produces a stabilized liquid (preferably having a vapor pressure about 8.2 psia at 80.degree. F.) by operating the column bottom at approximately 240.degree. F./50 psig.

Abstract: A physically intermixed catalyst system comprising two distinctly different catalytic particles, the first of which is a hydrodenitrification and/or hydrodesulfurization catalyst and the second of which is a relatively active hydrocracking catalyst, wherein the catalyst particles of both catalytic components are substantially the same size, that is the effective diameter of each catalyst component is substantially the same. The catalyst system of the present invention can be layered with unmixed catalysts. The novel systems of the present invention have been found to provide surprisingly good selectivity for liquid products and stability against catalyst fouling when used in combined hydrotreating and hydrocracking applications, and can therefore be used to provide a stable catalyst system which offers even heat distribution and reactor control in such applications.

Abstract: Molecular sieves, particularly zeolites, are prepared using heterobridged aza-polycyclic templates. The templates may be prepared in a series of reaction steps which include a Diels-Alder reaction between a diene and a dienophile.

Abstract: The invention provides for a process for producing lube oil having excellent viscosity and viscosity index properties and a low pour point from a solvent refined gas oil. The process comprises contacting a raffinate having a solvent dewaxed viscosity index of at least 90 and boiling above 350.degree. F. with a catalyst comprising an intermediate pore size silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve and at least one Group VIII metal under dewaxing and isocracking conditions so as to produce a product having a viscosity index greater than about 110.

Abstract: A railway diesel engine lubricating composition is essentially free of zinc dithiophosphate wear inhibitors and chlorinated inhibitors. This composition has an oil of lubricating viscosity; a noncarbonated sulfurized calcium alkyl phenate, a carbonated sulfurized calcium alkyl phenate, a calcium Mannich alkyl phenate, and an ethylene carbonate modified polybutene bis-succinimide. The noncarbonated sulfurized calcium alkyl phenate has a sulfur to metal ratio of between 1.1:1 and 2:1, the alkyl group of that phenate has from 8 to 35 carbon atoms, and the alkalinity value of that phenate is from 40 to 200 mg. KOH/gram. The noncarbonated sulfurized metal alkyl phenate is prepared by reacting a tetrapropylene phenol, sulfur, and a calcium base.

Abstract: An enhanced oil recovery technique for recovering hydrocarbons from a reservoir during gas injection comprises the at least periodic injection of gas and a foam-forming composition into the reservoir. The foam-forming composition comprises water, an effective foam-forming amount of a C.sub.10-16 .alpha.-olefin sulfonate surfactant including C.sub.10 AOS and/or C.sub.12 AOS, and an effective amount of at least one solubilizing component to increase the brine tolerance of the composition. This solubilizing component is a mixture comprising ##STR1## where M is H, an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium, where R.sub.1 is a linear C.sub.6 -C.sub.16 alkyl group. The method further comprises contacting the hydrocarbons in the reservoir with the foam so as to assist in the recovery of hydrocarbons from the reservoir.

Abstract: Alkenyl or alkyl succinimide additives which are the reaction product of a high molecular weight alkenyl- or alkyl-substituted succinic anhydride and a polyalkylene polyamine having an average of greater than 4 nitrogen atoms per mole, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with a cyclic carbonate, are compatible with fluoroelastomer engine seals and, for concentration levels at which fluoroelastomer seal compatibility is achieved, possess improved dispersancy and/or detergency properties when employed in chlorine-free lubricating oils.

Abstract: Alkenyl or alkyl succinimide additives which are the reaction product of a high molecular weight alkenyl- or alkyl-substituted succinic anhydride and a polyalkylene polyamine having an average of greater than 4 nitrogen atoms per mole, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with a cyclic carbonate, are compatible with fluorocarbon engine seals and, for concentration levels at which fluorocarbon seal compatibility is achieved, possess improved dispersancy and/or detergency properties when employed in lubricating oils and fuels,

Abstract: A polymer-modified asphalt composition containing (a) about 80 to 99.7 weight percent of a polymer-asphalt reaction product prepared by reacting (i) about 100 parts by weight of an asphalt having an initial viscosity at 60.degree. C. of from 100 to 20,000 poise, with (ii) about 0.5 to 11 parts by weight a glycidyl-containing ethylene copolymer containing about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent glycidyl moieties and having a weight-average molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 1,000,000; and (b) about 0.3 to 20 weight percent of a styrene/conjugated-diene block copolymer having a weight-average molecular weight of from about 100,000 to about 1,000,000.