Abstract: A method of preparing a hologram which comprises subjecting holographic material to a holographic exposure, the holographic material comprising a silver halide emulsion of which at least 80% by weight of the halide is bromide, developing the exposed material in a silver halide developing solution to yield developed silver, converting the residual silver bromide, in the main part at least, to silver iodide by use of an aqueous iodide solution, removing the developed silver but leaving the silver iodide either by use of a bleach/fix bath under controlled conditions or by rehalogenating the developed silver to silver bromide or chloride using a brominating or chlorinating silver bleach solution and simultaneously or subsequently fixing out the thus formed silver bromide or chloride using a fixing agent under such conditions that silver iodide is not dissolved from the material.

Abstract: Photographic direct-positive emulsions with silver halide crystals of layered structure are prepared.The silver halide crystals of these emulsions can form a latent internal image and are superficially converted to silver iodide. Normal surface developers are suitable for developing.

Abstract: A film-processing device comprises a lid having mounted therein a plunger or the like, which plunger is required to be rotatable in either direction in the lid and which is also required to be locked stationary in the lid. The plunger is connected with a cap which fits over the lid and which rotates with the plunger. The cap has a slidable member mounted thereon or therein with at least one detent member mounted on its underside so that, in one position of the slidable member, the cap is able to rotate on the lid, but in another position of the slidable member, the detent member thereon acts with an abutment member or members on the lid to disable the cap from rotating on the lid.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula(B--L.sub.m --A--L'--B'.sub.n, (1)in which A is the radical of a bisazo or trisazo dye, L and L' are organic radicals and B and B' are cyclic organic radicals and at least one of the radicals B and B' has spectral absorption in the UV region and one of the radicals B and B' is different from 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl, m is 1 or 2 and n is 0, 1 or 2.The compounds are suitable for use as image dyes in photographic silver dye bleach materials.

Abstract: The feed mixture, from which a required substance is to be isolated, is introduced centrally into a chamber unit rotating about its axis and having two non-miscible phases flowing through it in countercurrent. Monitors responding to the substance are disposed at the two ends of the chamber unit and continuously detect the concentration of the substance and signal the measurements to a control system. By way of various valves and pumps this system controls the flow ratio of the two phases in such a manner that the concentration of the substance at one end of the unit, with respect to the corresponding concentration at the other end of the unit, remains within very low predetermined limits (e.g. 1%), so that practically the entire substance can be removed as an eluate with one of the two phases at the other end of the chamber unit (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A device for holding photosensitive material during light exposure which comprises two planar frames of equal size, each of which has two parallel walls and rounded corners, one frame at least being open between its four walls, each frame carrying around its peripheral walls a band of resilient material of rounded cross-section which when the device is in the non-use state is so mounted that part of the band is held above walls of the frame, the sides of each frame being bevelled outwards, together with means to hold in position the two frames separated from each other with the bands of resilient material facing each other, means to force the two frames together so that the bands contact each other substantially over their entire length and force each other down the walls of each frame and means to hold securely the two frames in this position.The device is of particular use for exposing holographic film material.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the disazo pigment of the formula ##STR1## The new pigment is useful for coloring plastic material in pure red shades of high tinctorial strength and outstanding fastness to light and migration.

Abstract: Salts of 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinones which are useful photographic silver halide developing agents.

Abstract: An apparatus for the processing of a film contained in a cassette, the cassette being of the kind comprising a substantially cylindrical body formed with protruding light-tight longitudinally extending film exit slot means and having the film wound thereon, said apparatus comprising a light-tight columnar body having a longitudinal axis and a block accommodated by said columnar body having a central aperture for receiving the cassette and retaining the cassette body, and having a space sufficiently large to receive from said cassette the spool with the film wound thereon, and a plunger adapted for engaging the spool of said cassette and being movable to force the lowermost cap off said cassette body and to move said spool and the film wound thereon out of said cassette body and into said space, said space being adapted for containing liquid for processing the film, the apparatus being characterized in that there is present in the apparatus below the block, but above the space for containing liquid a shelf whi

Abstract: There is described a device for processing a roll of exposed film coiled on a spool which comprises a cylindrical light-tight container wherein the film on the spool is rotated and which is of sufficient diameter and height to accommodate the film loosely coiled on the spool, a light-tight lid to close the container, the device being characterized in that it comprises at least two radially extending raised members attached to the base of the container so shaped that as the wound film is rotated in the container some of the convolutions of the film are at one instance bunched together, while other convolutions are separated and means connectable to the spool for enabling the spool to be rotated when it is in the container.

Abstract: There is described a novel spiral-less film processing device for processing a roll of exposed film coiled on a spool which comprises a cylindrical light-right container of sufficient diameter and height to accommodate the film coiled on the spool, a light-tight lid to close the container, means attached to the internal wall of the container so located to engage with a sprocket hole in the film edge when the film is placed in the container and means connected with the spool for enabling the spool with the coiled film thereon to be rotated in either direction.

Abstract: The process and the apparatus according to the invention are used to produce a suspension of cyanuric chloride in water, or to react cyanuric chloride with ammonia or with amines. It is possible to produce cyanuric chloride suspensions in water which have a mean particle size of below 20 .mu.m, and a concentration of higher than 20% by weight of cyanuric chloride.

Abstract: A diagnostic strip which comprises a base having coated thereon a dried layer which has been formed by coating onto the base an aqueous solution which comprises from 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of agarose and from 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of non-cross linked polyacrylamide or polyvinyl alcohol or a mixture of these polymers, the dried layer being 0.1 to 100 .mu.m thick and comprising 10 to 50% by weight solids.

Abstract: An apparatus for the processing of a film, contained in a cassette being of the kind comprising a substantially cylindrical cassette body formed with a light-tight, longitudinally extending film exit slot device, end caps on said cassette body and a spool held between these end caps and having the film wound thereon, comprises a light-tight enclosure provided with a cassette body-retaining block shaped to receive and retain the cassette body, and also provided with a space intended to contain liquid for processing the film and being sufficiently large to receive from the cassette the spool with the film wound thereon. A gripping organ for engaging an end cap of the cassette permits relative movement between the retained cassette and the gripping organ such that, when they are moved away from one another, an end cap of the cassette is pulled off the cassette. At the same time, a spool engaging element pulls the spool with the film wound thereon, out of the cassette body and into the space.

Abstract: A photographic recording material which contains at least one dye of the formula ##STR1## wherein D is the group of atoms necessary to complete a 5-membered ring that contains at least one nitrogen atom, A is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, phenyl, alkylthio, cyano, nitro or halogen, n is 0 to 3, R.sub.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyl, acylamino, R.sub.6 is hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted amino, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or alkoxy. The material is distinguished by good color reproduction, brilliant colors and excellent lightfastness.

Abstract: Photographic material containing magenta coupler is stabilized by incorporating a dibenzoxaphosphorin of the formula ##STR1## into the emulsion layer containing the coupler or into an adjoining colloid layer. The yellowing on dark storage of such material is substantially reduced as a result.The symbols A and n are defined in claim 1.

Abstract: New compounds having the formula 1 ##STR1## wherein W is hydrogen, halogen, n-alkyl, --NHCOR.sup.1, --COR.sup.1, or phenoxyacetylamino optionally substituted by one or two C.sub.1-12 straight- or branched chain alkyl, X is a substituent in the coupling position and is selected from hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, --SR.sup.11 or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic residue attached at a ring nitrogen atom, and Y is a group having the formula 2 ##STR2## wherein Q is selected from the residues: --COOR.sup.4 or --CONR.sup.4 R.sup.5, --OM, --NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, --PO(OR.sup.9)[O].sub.x R.sup.10 with X=0 or 1, --SO.sub.2 OH, --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 or CN. The groups R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, M, k and n are defined hereinafter.These compounds are used as black color couplers in photographic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of anthraquinone imides by condensing vattable anthraquinone compounds which contain at least one primary amino group with aromatic halogen compounds, in an organic solvent and at elevated temperature in the presence of a base and a copper catalyst. The process comprises first carrying out the condensation until a reaction of 60-95% has taken place, and then subjecting the reaction mixture, without isolating the reaction product, to an aftertreatment at a temperature which is 5.degree. to 60.degree. C. above the initial temperature of the condensation. This process permits the anthraquinone imides to be obtained in increased yield and additionally provides products with improved qualities. The intermediates so obtained can be further processed to vat dyes.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of quaternized diaminoanthraquinones by reacting alpha-nitro-anthraquinone with an amine of the formula ##STR1## to give 1-aminoanthraquinone (B), halogenating, preferably brominating the compound (B) to give 1-amino-4-halogeno- or 1-amino-2,4-dihalogeno-anthraquinone (C), condensing the compound (C) with a diamine of the formula ##STR2## or with an amine of the formula HNR.sub.3 R.sub.7 to give 1,4-diaminoanthraquinone (D) and subsequently quaternizing compound (D) to give the corresponding quaternized anthraquinone compound (E) which process comprises carrying out the condensation of compound (C) with the amine to form compound (D) and subsequent quaternization steps in one single operation without isolation of the intermediate (D).

Abstract: The invention provides salts of methyl phosphonic acid and its mono- or di-methyl ester with certain amines. The salts are useful flame retardant additives for polyurethanes and polyisocyanurates.