Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine, injects fuel directly into a combustion chamber as a main injection, a postinjection and optionally also as a preinjection. An injection nozzle with a plurality of injection bores effects the preinjection and the postinjection preferably which is carried out cyclically. To minimize wetting of the combustion chamber walls, during the postinjection the partial quantities of fuel and a lift of the nozzle needle of the injection nozzle are set so that, for each partial quantity of the postinjection injected into the combustion chamber, the reach of the respective fuel jet in the combustion chamber is limited and the reach is less than the distance to a combustion chamber boundary.

Abstract: In a secondary air supply device comprising a turbine and a compressor with turbine and compressor wheels having blades which are covered by wheel covers and an air filter structure disposed between the turbine and compressor wheels, so that air is supplied to the compressor and to the turbine from a common filter structure disposed between the compressor and the turbine wheels.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack and at least one electrical energy storage device that can be electrically connected to and/or disconnected from the fuel cell stack by at least one electronic switching element which is based, for example, on a MOSFET. The fuel cell stack itself is cooled. The at least one switching element is in thermally conductive contact with a cooling circuit for cooling the fuel cell stack, for example, by mounting the switching element on the end plates of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas turbocharger for a reciprocating internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust gas turbine in the exhaust line and a compressor in the inlet line of the engine, the exhaust gas turbine has two exhaust gas flow passages, by way of which exhaust gas is fed to the turbine rotor, the ratio of the turbine rotor diameter to the compressor wheel diameter being set by a function, which is dependent on the displacement volume of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method for controlling a drive (16) of a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine (10) and an electric motor (24). A main transmission (16) having an output shaft (18) is connected to a driveshaft (19) of the motor vehicle, and an input shaft (14) is connected to the internal combustion engine (10). The electric motor (24) is coupled to the input shaft (14) or the output shaft (16) of the main transmission (16) by an intermediate transmission (22) having at least two transmission ratio steps. In order to accelerate the motor vehicle from rest, the drive is initially effected solely by the electric motor (24) with the intermediate transmission (22) in its lowest transmission ratio step. The drawing is then taken over by the internal combustion engine (10) before a shift operation in the intermediate transmission (22). In this case, the intermediate transmission (22) is preferably a claw shift transmission.

Abstract: In a compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine including a compressor wheel which is rotatably mounted in a compressor inlet duct and an auxiliary rotor wheel arranged so as to be movable axially between a coupled position in engagement with the compressor wheel and a decoupled position, disengaged from the compressor wheel, an adjustable guide vane structure is provided which is movable by an adjusting element together with the auxiliary rotor wheel and a contoured flow control ring for controlling the combustion air flow to the compressor wheel and to the auxiliary rotor wheel.

Abstract: A motor vehicle seat having an air supply device by means of which an air flow can be established through a ventilation layer of the cushion of the seat in order to ventilate the seat and/or in order to heat the seat. An air outflow opening of the air supply device is arranged in the upper region of the seat and via which the head, shoulder and neck region of the seat occupant can be acted upon by an air flow. The air supply device is assigned a fan. In order to provide a motor vehicle seat with an air supply device which can be used more universally, the fan can be supplied with air from the ventilation layer of the cushion of the seat in order to generate the air flow for the head, shoulder and neck region of the seat occupant.

Abstract: To ensure the same high quality of acoustic radiation from audio systems on each seat of current vehicles, an acoustic device is provided for generating audio signals, which allows sound sources to be integrated into the area located near the headrest of a vehicle seat such that the volume can be regulated in an individual manner without unduly disturbing the other passengers in a vehicle. The headrest does not comprise any loudspeakers, thus is safe regarding accident protection. The acoustic near field at the headrest is generated by means of a sound channel. The loudspeaker is disposed inside the backrest or under the seat, for example, while the sound channel terminates in the headrest. Tuned pipes, the end of which is adjusted to the acoustic impedance of the clearance zone, are used as a sound channel.

Abstract: A safety device for a motor vehicle including a front-end structure, a front bulkhead, which separates the front-end structure from an interior, and a brake apparatus fixed to the front bulkhead and including a brake cylinder, the brake cylinder includes a device for pivoting the brake apparatus, which device, in the event of a vehicle crash, interacts with structural elements disposed in the front-end structure. The safety of a driver present in the motor vehicle may be increased. The device for pivoting the brake apparatus includes a fastening portion and a slide portion with a slide plane.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder with a combustion chamber formed between a piston and a cylinder head, inlet and outlet ducts formed in the cylinder head, a fuel injector arranged in the cylinder head into for forming a hollow fuel cone in the combustion chamber and a spark plug arranged such that, during The injection of fuel, the electrodes of the spark plug are outside the injected hollow fuel cone, the spark plug and the fuel injector are positioned in such a way that a first distance (C) is provided between an injector axis and a free end of the central electrode of the spark plug, and the cylinder bore has a diameter (D), with a ratio (C/D) of the first distance (C) and a bore diameter (D) being in a range of 0.1 to 0.19, in particular 0.13 to 0.17.

Abstract: The invention relates to a motor vehicle, in which at least one microphone (8) is mounted in the headlining 94) of a passenger cell of the vehicle. The microphone is mounted in a location, which is concealed by a sun visor (6) that is pivotally mounted on the headlining (4) when said visor has been pivoted to lie against the headlining (4). At least the area (7) of the sun visor (6) that conceals the microphone is configured to conduct sound.

Abstract: An air supply device for a vehicle seat has an air channel arranged on the pressure side of a blower. The channel comprises at least one air discharge opening provided in the upper region of the seat for supplying the head, shoulder and neck area of an occupant of the seat with an adjustable airflow. A heating element is arranged in the air channel between the blower and the air discharge opening. In order to provide the air supply device with an airflow which feels more comfortable to the occupant of the seat, a grid element is arranged inside the air channel between the air discharge opening and the heating element. As a result, the airflow emerging from the air discharge opening is homogenized and slowed down, and this slowing-down allows more heat to be transferred to the airflow from the heating element.