Abstract: Organosilicon-disulfanes are prepared by decomposing organosilicon thiocyanates with an alkali metal alcoholate.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for operating an exhaust gas treatment unit for an internal combustion engine which is operated with lean normalized air/fuel ratios over most of the operating period. The exhaust gas treatment unit contains a nitrogen oxides storage catalyst with an activity window .DELTA.T.sub.NOX for the storage of nitrogen oxides at normalized air/fuel ratios of greater than 1 and release of the nitrogen oxides at normalized air/fuel ratios of less than or equal to 1 and a sulfur trap, located upstream of the nitrogen oxides storage catalyst, with a sulfur desorption temperature T.sub.S,DeSOx above which the sulfates stored on the sulfur trap are decomposed at normalized air/fuel ratios of less than or equal to 1. The nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas are stored on the nitrogen oxides storage catalyst and the sulfur oxides are stored on the sulfur trap at normalized air/fuel ratios greater than 1 and exhaust gas temperatures T.sub.K within the activity window T.sub.

Abstract: A fuel cell anode for the oxidation of methanol, which contains at least one platinum metal or alloys of platinum metals as the primary, catalytically active component. The anode is characterized in that it also contains transition metal complexes of phthalocyanine or substituted phthalocyanines as cocatalyst, these amplifying the catalytic effect of the platinum metals and their alloys for the anodic oxidation of methanol.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the fermentative preparation of amino acids, in which an L-lysine producing bacterial strain of the species Corynebacterium glutamicum is cultivated in a nutrient medium and the amino acids can be isolated from the culture medium at the end of fermentation. After the vigorous growth phase, the bacterial culture has at its disposal a smaller quantity of assimilable carbon source than it could metabolize on the basis of the structure of the strain and the quanitity of other necessary supplements provided in the nutrient medium.

Abstract: The present invention is relative to a chemical method of producing compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## starting from compounds of the general formula (II) and (III) ##STR2## under radical conditions. Products I are used as intermediates in the synthesis of bioactive substances.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide is produced by direct synthesis from hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. According to the invention, a gas mixture comprising H.sub.2 and O.sub.2, essentially saturated or supersaturated with water (=containing fog) is fed into a reactor containing the catalyst. The volume ratio of the gas mixture fed in (standard liters per hour) to liquid removed (liters per hour) is adjusted to a value equal to or greater than 15,000, especially 20,000 to 50,000, and the gas mixture leaving the reactor is recycled after replenishment with H.sub.2, O.sub.2, and H.sub.2 O vapor. Solutions with high H.sub.2 O.sub.2 concentration can be obtained according to the invention without additional concentration.

Abstract: An electrolyte for the galvanic deposition of stress-relieved, crack-resistant ruthenium layers containing ruthenium in complexed form. The additive for the electrolyte is pyridine or an N-alkylated pyridinium salts of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup..crclbar. is --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar., --CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar., or ##STR2## R' and H is, alkyl with 1-6 C atoms, --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, or --CO.sub.2 Na.

Abstract: Sodium percarbonate particles stabilized against loss of active oxygen in detergents, bleaches and cleaning agents by the application of a two-layer coating applied by means of a fluidized bed spray process, the inner layer including sodium percarbonate and the outer layer including sodium sulphate.

Abstract: A method of depositing catalytically active components on high-surface carrier materials is disclosed by dispersing the carrier materials in water and mixing this dispersion with an aqueous solution of soluble precursors of the catalytically active components. The pH of the dispersion is adjusted to a value between 6 and 8 before the aqueous solution of the precursors is supplied by capillary injection under constant agitation of the dispersion and thereafter, if necessary, the precursors of the catalytically active components are precipitated on the carrier material by capillary injection of a dilute base.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved carbon blacks and a process for producing them. The improved carbon blacks are distinguished from conventional blacks having the same CTAB surface, after incorporation into SSBR/BR rubber compositions, by a lower rolling resistance with equal or better wet skid behavior. They can be produced in conventional carbon black reactors by conducting the burning in the combustion chamber so that carbon nuclei form and are immediately brought into contact with the carbon black raw material.

Abstract: A method of purifying the lean exhaust gas of lean mix engines or diesel engines. The exhaust gas is first contacted with a permanent reduction catalyst and subsequently contacted with a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst. This procedure yields a uniformly good conversion of pollutants of the exhaust gases under differing operating conditions both as regards the air ratios and the exhaust gas temperatures.

Abstract: A process employs amidine or amidine base and a metal compound in the presence of an alcohol or water to transesterify, or saponify esters or amides. Since the process employs relatively mild conditions, it is especially suitable for the production of optically active substances and biomolecules, e.g. peptides, amino acids and nucleic acids which are sensitive to elevated temperatures, extreme pH values and/or long reaction times since these compounds are easily racemised or denatured. The conditions additionally find use in solid phase systems. When amino acid or peptide esters are saponified, the splitting is brought about with lithium hydroxide alone under mild conditions. The use of an amidine base, more particularly DBU or DBN, in combination with the metal salt additionally accelerates the reaction so strongly that even sensitive acid derivatives can be reacted under mild conditions.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst for internal combustion engines which contains platinum on a finely divided support material and containing lead as a promoter. The catalytic activity of the oxidation catalyst can be increased greatly by promoting the catalyst with lead at a molar ratio of lead to platinum of 2:1. The light-off temperatures of the promoted catalyst are well below the corresponding temperatures for a conventional, lead-free catalyst.

Abstract: A method of producing .epsilon.-caprolactam from cyclohexanone in the gaseous phase using MFI catalysts on whose surface symmetrically arranged OH groups are present.

Abstract: A reactor for performing endothermic catalytic reactions is disclosed formed of a monolithic counterflow reactor with parallel heating and reaction channels. The internal walls of the reaction channels are coated with a catalyst for the catalytic reaction to be performed, while the internal walls of the heating channels have a catalyst for the catalytic combustion of a fuel gas/air mixture.

Abstract: Inversion carbon blacks and a method for their manufacture and disclosed. The inversion carbon blacks have a smaller rolling resistance with identical or improved wet sliding behavior. The particle size distribution contains a smaller proportion of particles with large diameters. This leads to an improved abrasion behavior of rubber compounds which were prepared using these carbon blacks. The inversion carbon blacks can be manufactured in conventional carbon black reactors by controlling the combustion in the combustion chamber in such a manner that carbon black nuclei form, which are immediately brought into contact with the carbon black raw material. The carbon blacks present a lower proportion of larger particles if the additions of combustion air and carbon black raw material are increased in an appropriate manner.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of producing .epsilon.-caprolactam by the Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime using (B) .beta. zeolites as catalyst.

Abstract: A suction system in a laser device for the bonding of prosthesis parts in dental technology formed of an annular suction nozzle that concentrically surrounds the laser focusing unit or an annular nozzle encircling the latter for the introduction of protective inert gas. The lower rim of the laser focusing unit or the annular nozzle for the supply of protective gas projects beyond the annular suction nozzle by 10 to 25 mm.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for lowering nitrogen oxide levels in combustion engine exhaust gas by a reduction catalyst and by controlling the exhaust gas temperature upstream from the catalyst to a constant value, at which the catalyst exhibits maximum conversion for nitrogen oxides. It is possible to maintain maximum conversion over a wide range of engine outlet temperatures of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Relatively resilient flux encasings for solder preforms are obtained when a mixture of 5 to 30 wt. % potassium silicate having a molar ratio of K.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.2 ranging from 1:2.5 to 1:4.5, 0.5 to 10 wt. % concentrated phosphoric acid, 0.1 to 5 wt. % boric acid and 0 to 10 wt. % finely divided silicon dioxide, with the remainder water, is used as the binder.