Abstract: This disclosure is directed to preparing deashed, precious metal catalyst-containing, partially fluorinated active carbon particles of the formula CF.sub.x, where x ranges from 0.l to about 0.18, preferably using either platinum or silver as the catalyzing material, which can be incorporated into an active layer component of a gas electrode, e.g., an oxygen (air) cathode suitable for use in a chlor-alkali electrolytic cell for producing chlorine and caustic while conserving electrical energy. These particles are deashed to have a B.E.T. surface area of at least 600 m.sup.2 /g and contain less than about 4 weight percent ash. Active electrode layers containing such particles demonstrate an unusually desirable combination of resistance to corrosion, retention of conductive properties and retention of catalytic surface area.

Abstract: An alkali metal rechargeable battery utilizing an electrochemical reaction between an alkali or alkaline earth metal and sulfur. The metal is included in an amalgam anode.

Abstract: A battery employing an alkali metal-sulfur electrochemical reaction pair in an anhydrous ammonia electrolyte environment including an anolyte and method for suppressing formation of a bronze between the ammonia and the metal and a method for making the anolyte. The anolyte includes a bronze suppressing, conductivity enhancing salt of the alkali metal and a bronze suppressing aromatic organic dissolved in the anhydrous ammonia.

Abstract: An electrocatalyst together with a heterogeneous electrocatalytic method for making chlorine dioxide from an acid and a metal chlorate solution. The catalyst generally comprises at least one of a valve metal oxide, ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, palladium oxide, platinum oxide and rhodium oxide.

Abstract: The removal of undesirable substances such as water, PCB's and air from the internal components of electrical devices such as transformers and power capacitors is efficiently and effectively achieved by contacting, in the absence of air, the internal components of these various electrical devices with a heat-stable fluid material. The heat-stable fluid materials are preferably halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons and most preferably perchloroethylene or FREON 113.

Abstract: An anode with a base of lead or lead alloy is provided with catalytic particles of titanium which comprise a very small amount of platinum group metal or an oxide thereof.These catalytic particles are partly embedded, anchored and electrically connected to the base, so that oxygen is evolved on these particles at a reduced potential at which the underlying lead or lead alloy of the base remains electrochemically inactive, and the anode base thereby serves only as a stable conductive support to the catalytic particles.Operation of this anode at a reduced potential provides energy savings. It may be used more particularly in cells for electrowinning metals with a higher degree of purity at a reduced energy cost with respect to conventional cells equipped with anodes consisting of lead or a lead alloy.

Abstract: Additives for cementitious compositions which are mixtures of (1) salts such as the sodium salt of a condensation product of naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde and (2) zinc salts increase compressive strengths and reduce water contents of hardened cementitious compositions. Useful additives include mixtures of from 65% to about 75% by weight of a sodium salt of a condensation product of naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde and from about 25 to about 35% by weight of a zinc salt such as zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate or the like. Effective amounts of these additives are added to cementitious compositions to improve their properties. Addition of effective amounts of these mixtures in cementitious strengths from 25 to 30% greater over those obtained with a sodium salt of the condensation product.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte (SPE), solid polymer electrolyte electrode, and method for forming from cationic exchange perfluorocarbon copolymer. Disclosed are solution techniques for forming SPEs and SPE electrodes using fluorocarbon vinyl ether copolymers.

Abstract: A photoactive semiconductor mixed metal oxide material comprising a true solid/solid solution of a specific composition of elemental metals and/or metal non-oxide compounds which are soluble or can be made soluble and which are then fired to produce a true solid/solid solution of metal oxide compounds providing an effective band gap and/or optical response optimally matched to thepart of the energy spectrum desired for a particular utilization and a method of producing said true solid/solid solution photoactive semiconductor mixed metal oxide material is disclosed.

Abstract: Flatting agents, such as silica, talc and carbonates are present in radiation hardenable compositions in order to reduce gloss and obtain a flat appearance in cured coating. However, the flatting agent settles in the radiation-hardenable composition. To reduce settling of the flatting agent, one or more stabilizers are added to the composition. Useful stabilizers are alkylene oxide adducts of particular siloxane copolymers.

Abstract: Aqueous carbonaceous slurries having reduced viscosity, a stabilized network of coal in water and improved pumpability are obtained by having present a salt of naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and at least one water soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of gum karaya, mixtures of gum karaya and polyacrylamide and polysaccaride modified with polyacrylate. For example, a mixture of 61.5% by weight of ammonium naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and 38.5% by weight of gum karaya can be added to an aqueous coal slurry in an amount of 0.13% by weight of the slurry.

Abstract: Additives for cementitious materials are formed from mixtures of (1) salts of naphthalene or lower alkyl substituted naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensates and (2) water-soluble resins selected from the group consisting of resorcinol- formaldehyde and catechol-formaldehyde resins. Addition of these mixtures to cementitious materials results in improved slump and compressive strength.

Abstract: A titanium clad electrode and a method for making, the electrode having a conductive, substantially pure metal substrate, a substantially pure valve metal coating substrate, a substantially pure valve metal coating and at least one zone of interdiffusion between the substantially pure metals. The coating is applied using fused salt electrolyte electrodeposition techniques.

Abstract: An improved process for producing high purity caustic in a chlor/alkali cell utilizing a sulfonamide membrane allowing for improved current efficiency with approximately constant voltage by increasing the caustic concentration of the catholyte substantially above the normal level used in this type of cell.

Abstract: A dimensionally stable asbestos diaphragm is formed by direct coating on the foraminous cathode of an electrolytic cell from an asbestos fiber-particulate polymer slurry, followed by fusion of the thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: A bifunctional gas-diffusion electrode operative alternately for gas consumption and gas evolution comprises a gas-side layer in which gas consumption takes place, an electrolyte-side layer where gas evolution takes place and an intermediate rectifying layer of semi-conducting material arranged between the gas-side layer and the electrolyte-side layer so as to prevent unwanted gas evolution in the gas-side layer. The rectifying layer may be a p-n junction or may form part of a Schottky barrier junction.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to strengthening carbon-black particulate "Teflon" (PTFE) mixes destined to be formed into active layers in air cathodes, which comprises mixing an aqueous dispersion of particulate polytetrafluoroethylene with an aqueous suspension of particulate carbon-black; washing and drying; mixing with a pore-forming agent; fibrillating said mixtures; washing and drying; adding polytetrafluoroethylene fibers while chopping said dried fibrillated mixture and thereafter forming said chopped mixture into a sheet, which was washed and dried.

Abstract: Substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]-1,2,4-triazines have been found to be effective antiinflammatory and analgesic agents for warm-blooded animals. Pharmacological compositions thereof and methods of using same are described.

Abstract: A catalytic electrode has an electrically conductive substrate such as titanium with a coating comprising a platinum-group metal catalyst finely dispersed in a matrix consisting of a semi-conducting polymer formed in situ on the substrate. The catalyst may be a platinum-group metal oxide such as iridium oxide formed in situ together with the semi-conducting polymer by the application of a uniform liquid mixture followed by a controlled heat treatment.The semi-conducting polymer is preferably formed from polyacrylonitrile, polybenzimidazo-pyrrolone or an adamantane based polybenzoxazole.

Abstract: A 3-dimensional electrode having substantially coplanar and substantially flat portions and ribbon-like curved portions, said curved portions being symmetrical and alternating in rows above and below said substantially coplanar, substantially flat portions, respectively, and a geometric configuration presenting in one sectional aspect the appearance of a series of ribbon-like oblate spheroids interrupted by said flat portions and in another sectional aspect, 90.degree. from said one aspect, the appearance of a square wave pattern.